关键词:冬小麦; 产量; 农艺性状; 结构方程模型 Structural Equation Model for Analyzing Relationship between Yield and Agronomic Traits in Winter Wheat ZHENG Li-Fei2, SHANG Yi-Fei2, LI Xue-Jun3, FENG Hao4, WEI Yong-Sheng1,* 1College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
2 College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
3 College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
4 China Water Saving Irrigation Institute, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
Fund:This study was supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (2013AA102904), the Special Funds for Research Activities in Northwest A&F University (2014YB023), and the Quality Curriculum project in Northwest A&F University AbstractThis study aimed at understanding the relationship between winter wheat yield and major agronomic traits using structural equation model. The parameters collected from the 2010-2011 National Winter Wheat Region Trail for Upper Yangtze River Group (19 varieties in 19 locations) were grain yield (GY), grain number per spike (GNP), density of basic seedlings (BS), spike number per ha (SN), growth duration (GD), thousand-grain weight (TGW), and plant height (PH). The variance coefficient in structural equation model showed a trend of GY > GNP > SN > BS > PH > TGW > GD. According to Pearson correlation, the correlation levels with yield was GNP > BS > SN > GD > TGW > PH. The effect of a single trait on yield was SN > GNP > TGW > BS > GD > PH according to multiple regression analysis and BS > GNP > TGW > SN > PH > GD according to the sum of direct and indirect effects in structural equation model. Both direct and indirect effects of agronomic traits in winter wheat on yield can be explained by structural equation model. As a prior experimental model, structural equation model can be used to analysis the complex relationship between crop physiological properties and wheat yield. Our results suggest that large- and multi-spikes need to be considered simultaneously in winter wheat breeding.
Keyword:Winter wheat; Yield; Agronomic traits; Structural equation model Show Figures Show Figures
图1 冬小麦主要农艺性状与产量关系的初始模型 图内共25个箭头, 表示需估计25个参数; e1~e7为相应的误差项。GY: 产量; GNP: 穗粒数; BS: 基本苗; SN: 单位面积穗数; GD: 生育期; TGW: 千粒重; PH: 株高。Fig. 1 Initial modeling for the relationship between yield and agronomic traits in winter wheat The initial model contains 25 parameters shown by arrows, e1 to e7 indicate errors. GY: grain yield; GNP: grain number per spike; BS: density of basic seedlings; SN: spike number per ha; GD: growth duration; TGW: thousand-grain weight; PH: plant height.
表2 冬小麦性状的相关系数 Table 2 Correlation coefficients among winter wheat traits
产量 GY
千粒重 TGW
株高 PH
生育期 GD
穗粒数 GNP
基本苗 BS
千粒重 TGW
0.13* *
株高 PH
0.07
-0.11*
生育期 GD
-0.17* *
-0.09
-0.36* *
穗粒数 GNP
0.48* *
-0.09
-0.01
-0.29* *
基本苗 BS
0.48* *
0.06
-0.01
-0.50* *
0.22* *
单位面积穗数 SN
0.45* *
-0.41* *
0.09
0.12*
-0.11*
0.18* *
* P < 0.05; * * P < 0.01. GY: grain yield; GNP: grain number per spike; BS: density of basic seedlings; SN: spike number per ha; GD: growth duration; TGW: thousand-grain weight; PH: plant height.
表2 冬小麦性状的相关系数 Table 2 Correlation coefficients among winter wheat traits
表4 冬小麦主要农艺性状对产量的直接及间接效应 Table 4 Direct and indirect effects of agronomic traits on yield of winter wheat
性状 Trait
直接效应 Direct effect
间接效应 Indirect effect
总效应 Total effect
简单相关系数 r
单位面积穗数 SN
穗粒数 GNP
千粒重 TGW
基本苗 BS
株高 PH
单位面积穗数 SN
0.60
-0.02
-0.20
0.01
0.39
0.45* *
穗粒数 SNP
0.56
-0.08
0.48
0.48* *
千粒重 TGW
0.44
0.44
0.13* *
基本苗 BS
0.30
0.12
0.08
-0.01
0.49
0.48* *
生育期 GD
0.16
0.11
-0.15
-0.25
-0.02
-0.15
-0.17* *
株高 PH
0.13
-0.06
-0.03
0.04
0.07
Direct effect is represented with the normalized multiple regression coefficient. * * P< 0.01. GY: grain yield; GNP: grain number per spike; BS: density of basic seedlings; SN: spike number per ha; GD: growth duration; TGW: thousand-grain weight; PH: plant height. 直接效应为标准化多元回归系数。
表4 冬小麦主要农艺性状对产量的直接及间接效应 Table 4 Direct and indirect effects of agronomic traits on yield of winter wheat
图2 结构方程模型中冬小麦主要性状对产量的影响及各性状间的关系 实线表示显著的路径, 实线的粗细表示通径系数绝对值的大小, 虚线表示该路径不显著, 但从冬小麦生理过程讲需要保留的路径。线旁的数值为标准化通径系数, 矩形框及椭圆框旁的数值为决定系数。GY: 产量; GNP: 穗粒数; BS: 基本苗; SN: 单位面积穗数; GD: 生育期; TGW: 千粒重; PH: 株高。Fig. 2 Effects of agronomic traits on yield of winter wheat and relationships among agronomic traits as results of structural equation modeling The solid lines show the significant paths, whose thick and thin show the great or small of absolute path coefficient. Dashed lines show the path is not significant, but these paths need to be conserved based on winter wheat’ s physiological process. The values beside the lines are standard path coefficients, and the values beside the rectangular or oval are determination coefficients. GY: grain yield; GNP: grain number per spike; BS: density of basic seedlings; SN: spike number per ha; GD: growth duration; TGW: thousand-grain weight; PH: plant height.
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