关键词:大豆; 套作; 光合荧光特性; 叶绿体超微结构 Effects of Shading on Leaf Structure and Photosynthetic Fluorescence Characteristics of Soybean Seedlings in Maize-Soybean Relay Intercropping System FAN Yuan-Fang, YANG Feng*, LIU Qin-Lin, CHEN Jun-Xu, WANG Rui, LUO Shi-Ling, YANG Wen-Yu* College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University / Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 611130, China. Fund:The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31571615), the National Key Research and development Program of China (2016YFD0300209), and the Innovation Program of Sichuan Agricultural University ( 04060658) AbstractShading in relay intercropping system is a major factor affecting the low growing of crop growth and development. This study attempted to compare leaf structure and photosynthetic characteristics of cultivar Nandou 12 under maize-soybean relay intercropping systems. Three treatments were designed including one row maize to one row soybean with 50 cm of row space between maize and soybean (A1); two rows maize to two rows soybean with 40 cm of row space for maize or soybean and 60 cm of row space between maize and soybean (A2), sole cropping of soybean. The result indicated that shading caused the changes of both anatomical structure of leaf and photosynthetic characteristics in maize/soybean relay strip intercropping systems. During the V5 stage of soybean, the PAR density in treatments (A1 and A2) were lower than that in CK by 91.2% and 66.8%, respectively. The content of Chl a of treatments (A1 and A2) was lower than that in CK by 50.2% and 27.9%. The Pn of treatments (A1 and A2) was lower than that in CK by 63.2% and 37.8%. The Fv/ Fm, qP, NPQ in leaf of treatments (A1 and A2) were lower than there in CK significantly, Fv'/ Fm' and Fq'/ Fm' of treatments (A1 and A2) were higher than that in CK. Under light microscope, compared with CK, A1 and A2 treatments decreased palisade tissue thickness and spongy tissue thickness of leaf. The leaf of treatment CK was 2.15 and 1.69 times as thick as that of treatments A1 and A2. In A1 and A2 treatments leaf chloroplast morphology was normal, the number of chloroplasts, granule lamella and osmophilic globule in chloroplast increased; the structure of chloroplast was not damaged; There were few starch grains in chloroplasts; and the structure of cell organelles was normal. Therefore, the different spatial patterns of maize-soybean intercropping system result in different light environments above the soybean canopy, and directly affect soybean leaf structure and photosynthetic fluorescence characteristics.
Keyword:Soybean; Intercropping; Photosynthetic fluorescence characteristics; Chloroplast ultrastructure Show Figures Show Figures
图1 PAR传感器在玉米-大豆带状套作组合中的摆放位置示意图Fig. 1 Diagram of maize-soybean relay strip intercropping patterns and layout of photo synthetically active radiation sensors
图2 玉米-大豆套作不同行比配置下大豆叶片解剖结构 A~C: A1、A2处理和CK (2014年); D~F: A1, A2处理和CK (2015年) (× 400)。Fig. 2 Anatomical structure of soybean leaf in different maize-soybean relay intercropping systems A-C: A1, A2 treatments and CK (2014); D-F: A1, A2 treatments and CK (2015) (× 400).
表5 Table 5 表5(Table 5)
表5 玉米-大豆套作不同行比配置下大豆叶片解剖结构 Table 5 Anatomical structure parameter of soybean leaf in different maize-soybean relay intercropping systems
处理 Treatment
上表皮厚度 Upper epidermis thickness (μ m)
下表皮厚度 Lower epidermis thickness (μ m)
栅栏组织厚度 Palisade tissue thickness (μ m)
海绵组织厚度 Spongy tissue thickness (μ m)
叶片厚度 Leaf thickness (μ m)
栅海比 Palisade tissue/ spongy tissue
2014
A1
9.86± 1.13 a
6.73± 0.41 c
21.46± 1.84 c
24.82± 1.92 b
66.44± 3.46 c
0.87± 0.11 b
A2
9.58± 1.88 a
8.35± 1.11 b
36.20± 2.65 b
23.18± 4.98 b
82.43± 8.45 b
1.60± 0.24 a
CK
11.08± 1.30 a
11.67± 1.71 a
72.47± 2.35 a
45.06± 6.39 a
148.02± 6.84 a
1.64± 0.23 a
2015
A1
10.50± 1.22 b
8.93± 0.31 b
26.36± 1.79 c
26.01± 1.32 b
73.26± 4.85 c
1.02± 0.10 b
A2
12.61± 1.00 a
11.78± 0.69 a
43.36± 1.61 b
26.72± 1.87 b
95.85± 2.26 b
1.63± 0.16 a
CK
13.39± 0.90 a
12.54± 1.00 a
80.04± 2.88 a
50.29± 2.87 a
151.02± 3.81 a
1.60± 0.11 a
Values followed by different lowercases within the same column are significantly different at the 0.05 probability levels. 同一列中标以不同小写字母的值差异达0.05显著水平。
表5 玉米-大豆套作不同行比配置下大豆叶片解剖结构 Table 5 Anatomical structure parameter of soybean leaf in different maize-soybean relay intercropping systems
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