关键词:白菜型冬油菜; 叶片结构; 光合特性; 叶绿素荧光参数; 低温; 抗寒性 Response of Leaf Anatomical Structure and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Winter Turnip Rape ( Brassica rapaL.) to Low Temperature before Winter XU Yao-Zhao1,2,**, ZENG Xiu-Cun1,2,**, ZHANG Fen-Qin2, SUN Jia3, SUN Wan-Cang1,*, WU Jun-Yan1, FANG Yan1, LIU Zi-Gang1, SUN Bo-Lin2 1 College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University / Gansu Province Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, Lanzhou 730070 China
2 Hexi University / Key Laboratory of Hexi Corridor Resources Utilization of Gansu, Zhangye 734000, China
3 Department of Plant Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T2N2, Canada
Fund:This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31560397, 31460356, 31660401, 31560072), the Gansu Provincial Natural Science Foundation (145RJZG050, 1506RJZG051), and Gansu Province Key Laboratory Program of Hexi Corridor Resources Utilization (XZ1403). AbstractStomatal traits, leaf anatomic structure characteristic and diurnal variation of photosynthesis and fluorescence parameters, in two winter turnip rape ( B. rapaL.) cultivars Longyou 7 (strong cold-tolerant) and Tianyou 4 (weak cold-tolerant) were determined under 0°C and -7.6°C natural low temperature conditions to clearify the effects of low temperature on leaf anatomical structure, mechanism of photosynthesis and cold resistance. With decreasing the temperature before winter, stomatal density, stomatal area, and total stomatal circumference per unit area in two cultivars decreased. Moreover, leaf thickness, palisade tissue and sponge tissue thickness became thinner and cellular space grew bigger. The diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate of two cultivars presented a single-peak curve, and no typical mid-day depression occurred. Under the lower temperature, Pn declined with a non-stomatal limitation in two cultivars. Photo inhibition in the two cultivars occurred under low temperature and increased with the temperature decreased. Compared with Longyou 7, Tianyou 4 had bigger stomatal density, stomatal area, total stomatal circumference per unit area and leaf thickness, as well as higher photosynthetic capacity and weaker photo inhibition. In conclusion, higher photosynthesis and faster growth in winter turnip rape under lower temperature may result from its bigger stomatal density, stomatal area and total stomatal circumference per unit area as well as thicker leaf, palisade tissue and sponge tissue, which results in a poorer resistance to cold stress. The result may be useful for mining new germplasm and facilitating winter turnip rape breeding for cold resistance.
图2 不同品种白菜型冬油菜叶片的气孔分布A和C分别为陇油7号在T1和T2温度下的气孔; B和D分别为天油4号在T1和T2温度下的气孔。Fig. 2 Stomatal distribution of leaves in winter rape cultivarsA and C are stomata of Longyou 7 at T1 and T2 temperatures; B and D are stomata of Tianyou4 at T1 and T2 temperatures.
表1 Table 1 表1(Table 1)
表1 白菜型冬油菜叶片气孔性状及叶片结构的比较 Table 1 Comparison of stomatal characters and leaf anatomical structure of winter rape cultivars
项目 Item
陇油7号 Longyou 7
天油4号 Tianyou 4
T1
T2
T1
T2
气孔性状 Stomatal characters
气孔密度Stomatal density (Number mm-2)
75.52± 6.19 a
37.99± 8.39 b
82.83± 3.68 a
43.11± 24.32 b
气孔面积Stomatal area (μ m2)
46.53± 7.69 a
38.52± 4.78 b
48.81± 6.83 a
40.05± 5.40 b
单位面积气孔总周长 Total stomatal circumference per unit area (μ m)
The values are means± SD. Values followed by different letters are significantly different at the 0.05 probability level within the same cultivar. 表中数据为平均值± 标准差; 标以不同字母的数值在同一品种内0.05水平下差异显著。
表1 白菜型冬油菜叶片气孔性状及叶片结构的比较 Table 1 Comparison of stomatal characters and leaf anatomical structure of winter rape cultivars
图3 冬前低温条件下白菜型冬油菜叶片的解剖结构A和C分别为陇油7号在T1和T2温度下叶的解剖结构; B和D分别为天油4号在T1和T2温度下叶的解剖结构。Fig. 3 Anatomical structure of winter rape leaves under low temperatureA and C are leaf anatomical structure of Longyou 7 at T1 and T2 temperatures; B and D are leaf anatomical structure of Tianyou 4 at T1 and T2 temperatures.
图7 白菜型冬油菜叶片初始荧光和最大荧光的日变化A: 初始荧光(Fo)日变化; B: 最大荧光(Fm)日变化。Fig. 7 Diurnal variation of Fo and Fm of two winter rapes leavesA: diurnal variation of Fo; B: diurnal variation of Fm.
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