关键词:芝麻; 含油量; 蛋白质含量; 芝麻素含量; QTL QTL Mapping for Oil, Protein and Sesamin Contents in Seeds of White Sesame WU Kun1,2, WU Wen-Xiong1, YANG Min-Min1, LIU Hong-Yan1, HAO Guo-Cun1, ZHAO Ying-Zhong1,* 1 Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, China
2 Biotechnology Research Center of Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
Fund:The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31201243), the National Key Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (2011CB109304), and the China Agriculture Research System (CARS-15). AbstractSeed oil content, protein content and sesamin content are three important targets for sesame breeding. The objective of this study was to explore the genetic model and detect quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for three quality traits using a mapping population containing 224 recombinant inbred lines (RILs, F9). The three quality traits of seeds were measured by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy in three environments. Correlation analysis showed oil content was negatively correlated with protein content but positively correlated with sesamin content, whereas, protein content was negatively correlated with sesamin content. Using mixed composite interval mapping (MCIM) method, eight QTLs for the three seed quality traits were detected with heritability of additive effect ranging from 0.41% to 14.55%. Using multiple interval mapping (MIM) method, 13 QTLs were mapped on nine linkage groups (LGs), and a single QTL explained 5.2%-18.6% of the total phenotypic variation. Among them, five loci had at least one marker identical to the QTL identified with MCIM, indicating they might be located in the same region. Two QTLs were detected in multiple environments. QTLs Qoc-5 and Qsc-5 were located in the same region on LG5, both had positive effects, whereas Qpc-5 in the adjacent region had a negative effect. Similar loci exist on LG2 and LG1, probably caused by pleiotropism or close linkage of several QTLs. These results suggest that the oil and sesamin contents in seed can be improved together, while the protein content needs to be selected negatively with the oil or sesamin content.
表3 利用MCIM模型同时检测3个环境下RIL群体品质性状相关QTL Table 3 QTL for quality traits detected by MCIM using the RILs in multi-trials
性状 Trait
QTL
连锁群 LG
标记区间 Marker interval
区域 Region (cM)
位置 Position
加性效应a Additive effect a
遗传率b ha2(%)
广义遗传率c H2(%)
含油量 Oil content
Qoc-5
LG5
SBN3585-SBN1490
49.4-52.1
51.6
0.2616* * *
3.47
40.38
蛋白质含量 Protein content
Qpc-2
LG2
SBN2776-SBN2749
11.9-16.2
13.5
-0.2606* * *
4.26
22.76
Qpc-5
LG5
SBI007-SBN795
63.5-65.8
64.5
-0.2343* * *
3.31
芝麻素含量 Sesamin content
Qsc-5
LG5
ZHY01-SBN3585
48.4-51.6
51.4
0.0160* * *
14.55
14.68
Qsc-6
LG6
SBI043-SBN636
95.0-102.4
100.4
0.0051* * *
2.01
Qsc-8
LG8
SBN1735-SBN1407
35.4-37.0
36.4
0.0088* * *
5.05
Qsc-11
LG11
SBN3764-SBN1798
16.9-18.2
17.9
0.0053* * *
0.41
Qsc-16
LG16
SBN1927-SBN3232
22.6-29.1
23.6
-0.0091* * *
3.34
aPositive and negative values indicate additive effect coming from the alleles of Zhongzhi 14 and Miaoqianzhima, respectively; * , * * , * * * Significant at the 0.05, 0.01, and 0.001 probability levels, respectively; bContribution ratio of QTL additive effect, c The broad-sense heritability (H2). a正值或负值分别代表加性效应来自亲本中芝14或庙前芝麻的等位变异, * , * * , * * * 分别表示在0.05, 0.01, 0.001显著水平; bQTL加性效应遗传率; c广义遗传率H2。
表3 利用MCIM模型同时检测3个环境下RIL群体品质性状相关QTL Table 3 QTL for quality traits detected by MCIM using the RILs in multi-trials
图1 RIL群体3个品质性状在3个环境下的频率分布(OC、PC和SC分别代表油分、蛋白质和芝麻素含量, 箭头所指为各环境中亲本测定值, Z和M分别代表亲本中芝14和庙前芝麻。)Fig. 1 Frequency distribution of three quality traits of RIL population in three environments(OC: oil content; PC: protein content; SC: sesamin content. Arrows indicate determined values of two parents under environments. Z and M stand for Zhongzhi 14 and Miaoqianzhima, respectively.)
表4 利用MIM模型分别检测3个环境下RIL群体品质性状相关QTL Table 4 QTL for quality traits detected by MIM using the RILs in three environment traits
性状 Trait
试验地 Location
QTL
连锁群 LG
标记区间 Marker interval
区域 Region (cM)
位置 Position
LOD
加性效应a Additive a
表型变异贡献率bR2 (%)
含油量 Oil content
2012徐东 2012XD
Qoc-1
LG1
SBN2389-SBN2485
37.0-40.6
39.6
4.67
-0.4274
10.1
2013徐东 2013XD
Qoc-2
LG2
SBN2776-SBN1045
13.5-15.2
14.5
3.70
0.4009
6.5
2013阳逻 2013YL
Qoc-5
LG5
SBN3585-SBN1490
41.5-52.1
44.4
4.44
0.3189
7.7
2013徐东 2013XD
Qoc-9
LG9
SBN1388-SBN1459
6.9-9.7
9.5
4.68
-0.4567
8.6
2012徐东 2012XD
Qoc-16
LG16
SBN1927-SBN3232
22.6-26.6
23.6
3.36
-0.3740
7.6
蛋白含量 Protein content
2012徐东 2012XD
Qpc-1
LG1
SBN741-SBN2389
20.0-28.7
20.4
3.28
0.3293
7.6
2013徐东 2013XD
Qpc-2
LG2
SBN2776-SBN2749
13.5-15.2
14.8
3.38
-0.3290
6.2
2013阳逻 2013YL
Qpc-3
LG3
HS184-SBI013
6.3-9.7
7.7
3.63
-0.2356
5.7
2013阳逻 2013YL
Qpc-5
LG5
SBI007-SBI057
62.8-68.4
64.5
5.75
-0.3280
10.9
2013阳逻 2013YL
Qpc-6
LG6
SBN3210-SBN636
94.0-102.4
99.0
4.00
-0.2470
6.4
芝麻素含量 Sesamin content
2013阳逻 2013YL
Qsc-4
LG4
SBI050-SBN1100
70.7-73.7
73.7
3.36
0.0082
5.4
2012徐东 2012XD
Qsc-5
LG5
ZHY01-SBN1548
49.4-56.2
51.4
5.71
0.0132
11.1
2013徐东 2013XD
Qsc-5
LG5
SBN3568-SBI007
40.5-62.9
52.1
11.23
0.0194
18.6
2013阳逻 2013YL
Qsc-5
LG5
SBN3568-SBI007
40.5-62.9
51.6
8.29
0.0130
14.1
2013徐东 2013XD
Qsc-8
LG8
SBN1735-SBN2668
35.4-44.6
36.4
3.96
0.0134
8.9
2013阳逻 2013YL
Qsc-8
LG8
SBN1407-SBN1140
37.0-38.2
37.4
3.09
0.0100
5.2
aPositive and negative values indicate additive effect coming from the allele of Zhongzhi 14 and Miaoqianzhima, respectively. bProportion of phenotypic variation explained by individual QTL. a正值或负值分别代表加性效应来自亲本中芝14或庙前芝麻的等位变异; b单个QTL解释的表型变异率。
表4 利用MIM模型分别检测3个环境下RIL群体品质性状相关QTL Table 4 QTL for quality traits detected by MIM using the RILs in three environment traits
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