关键词:小麦品种; 抗寒性; 抗逆性; VRN1基因 Cold Hardiness and Its Relationship with the VRN1Genotypes in Wheat Varieties in the Yellow-Huai-Hai River Valley Region of China YOU Guang-Xia1, SUN Guo-Zhong1,2, ZHANG Xiu-Ying1, XIAO Shi-He1,* 1Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
2Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
AbstractWinter freezing injury is one of the major natural disasters in wheat production. The effect of VRN1genes on cold hardness was analyzed with phenotypic data and the allelic variations of VRN-A1, VRN-B1, VRN-D1in 71 wheat varieties grown in Yellow-Huai-Hai River Valley region. The results indicated that the cold hardiness of wheat was correlated with other stress tolerances, and strong cold hardiness was found in most varieties showing good salinity tolerance, drought tolerance or water-saving feature in production and the National Variety Regional Trial. VRN1 is a critical locus in the genetic network of wheat cold hardiness. The presence of the dominant gene VRN1was often accompanied with a significant decrease in cold hardiness, and weak cold hardiness was usually detected in the varieties with two or three VRN1 genes. Coexistence of recessive genes vrn-A1, vrn-B1, and vrn-D1 was found to be an indispensable prerequisite for strong cold hardiness. Therefore, the vrn-A1vrn-B1vrn-D1 genotype is suggested in wheat production and variety improvement in the northern part of Yellow-Huai-Hai River Valley region of China.
Keyword:Wheat varieties; Cold hardiness; Stress resistance; VRN1 genes Show Figures Show Figures
表1VRN-A1、VRN-B1和VRN-D1基因型分析所用引物 Table 1 PCR markers for detecting the alleles of VRN-A1, VRN-B1, and VRN-D1
表2 Table 2 表2(Table 2)
表2 71个小麦品种的抗寒性及VRN1基因组成 Table 2 Cold hardiness and VRN1alleles of 71 wheat varieties
品种 Variety
冻害 Freezing injury
VRN-A1
VRN-B1
VRN-D1
麦区 Wheat region
沧6002 Cang 6002
1
R
R
R
I
中麦11 Zhongmai 11
2
R
R
R
I
中麦12 Zhongmai 12
2
R
R
R
I
京411 Jing 411
3
R
R
R
I
京冬8号 Jingdong 8
3
R
R
R
I
京冬17 Jingdong 17
3
R
R
R
I
京9428 Jing 9428
3
R
R
R
I
中麦9号 Zhongmai 9
3
R
R
R
I
中麦175 Zhongmai 175
3
R
R
R
I
邯4564 Han 4564
3
R
R
R
I
石新616 Shixin 616
3
R
R
R
I
济南17 Jinan 17
3
R
R
R
II
鲁麦14 Lumai 14
3
R
R
R
II
烟农19 Yannong 19
3
R
R
R
II
烟农21 Yannong 21
3
R
R
R
II
洛旱2号 Luohan 2
3
R
R
R
II
洛旱6号 Luohan 6
3
D*
R
R
II
晋麦47 Jinmai 47
3
D#
R
R
II
金禾9123 Jinhe 9123
4
R
R
D
II
衡观35 Hengguan 35
5
R
R
D
II
冀麦38 Jimai 38
2
R
R
R
II-N
石麦15 Shimai 15
2
R
R
R
II-N
藁城8901 Gaocheng 8901
2
R
R
R
II-N
中麦155 Zhongmai 155
3
R
R
R
II-N
科农199 Kenong 199
3
R
R
D
II-N
邯6172 Han 6172
3
R
R
R
II-N
石家庄8号 Shijiazhuang 8
3
R
R
R
II-N
石新828 Shixin 828
3
R
R
D
II-N
藁优2018 Gaoyou 2018
3
R
R
R
II-N
衡4399 Heng 4399
3
R
R
R
II-N
邢麦6号 Xingmai 6
3
R
R
R
II-N
山农17 Shannong 17
3
R
R
R
II-N
石4185 Shi 4185
4
R
R
D
II-N
邯7086 Han 7086
4
R
R
R
II-N
鲁麦22 Lumai 22
4
D*
R
R
II-N
鲁麦23 Lumai 23
4
D*
R
R
II-N
济麦19 Jimai 19
4
R
R
R
II-N
济麦22 Jimai 22
4
R
R
R
II-N
舜麦1718 Shunmai 1718
4
R
R
R
II-N
师栾02-1 Shiluan 02-1
5
R
R
R
II-N
石麦18 Shimai 18
5
R
R
D
II-N
鲁麦15 Lumai 15
5
D*
R
R
II-N
济麦20 Jimai 20
5
R
R
R
II-N
泰山23 Taishan 23
5
R
R
D
II-N
良星99 Liangxing 99
5
R
R
D
II-N
山农20 Shannong 20
3
R
R
R
II-S
豫麦18 Yumai 18
3
D*
R
D
II-S
周麦18 Zhoumai 18
3
R
R
R
II-S
新麦9号 Xinmai 9
3
R
R
R
II-S
新麦18 Xinmai 18
3
R
R
R
II-S
新麦26 Xinmai 26
3
R
R
R
II-S
皖麦52 Wanmai 52
3
R
R
R
II-S
淮麦25 Huaimai 25
3
R
R
D
II-S
郑麦7698 Zhengmai 7698
4
R
R
R
II-S
周麦16 Zhoumai 16
4
R
R
R
II-S
矮抗58 Aikang 58
4
R
R
R
II-S
宿553 Su 553
4
R
R
R
II-S
小偃22 Xiaoyan 22
4
R
R
R
II-S
郑麦004 Zhengmai 004
5
R
R
D
II-S
郑麦366 Zhengmai 366
5
R
R
R
II-S
周麦12 Zhoumai 12
5
R
R
D
II-S
周麦22 Zhoumai 22
5
R
R
R
II-S
偃展4410 Yanzhan 4410
5
R
R
D
II-S
泛麦5号 Fanmai 5
5
R
R
D
II-S
许科1号 Xuke 1
5
R
R
D
II-S
西农979 Xinong 979
5
D*
R
R
II-S
豫麦50 Yumai 50
6
R
R
R
II-S
郑麦9023 Zhengmai 9023
6
D*
D
R
II-S
皖麦48 Wanmai 48
6
D*
R
D
II-S
徐州21 Xuzhou 21
6
D*
R
D
II-S
西农1376 Xinong 1376
6
D#*
R
D
II-S
Varieties in bold have the maximum annual area more than 667 000 ha according to Wheat Variety Improvement and Pedigree in China [36] and the National Statistics for Main Crop Variety Extension edited by the National Agricultural Technology Extension and Service Center. R: recessive allele; D: dominant allele; D#: Vrn-A1b; D* : Vrn-A1 detected by primer pair 361S-F and VA1-R. Wheat regions I and II stand for Northern Winter Wheat and Yellow-Huai River Valley Winter Wheat zones, respectively; regions II-N and II-S stand for the northern and southern parts of region II, respectively. 加粗体品种表示年最大推广面积超过66.7万公顷, 信息来自《中国小麦品种改良及系谱分析》[19]和全国农业技术推广服务中心主编的《全国农作物主要品种推广统计表》。R: 隐性; D: 显性; D#: Vrn-A1b; D* : VRN-A1位点为361S-F与VA1-R引物对检测出的等位基因Vrn-A1。麦区I和II分别表示北部冬麦区和黄淮冬麦区, II-N和II-S分别表示黄淮冬麦区北片和南片。
表2 71个小麦品种的抗寒性及VRN1基因组成 Table 2 Cold hardiness and VRN1alleles of 71 wheat varieties
4 结论VRN1基因是小麦抗寒性的关键性调控位点之一。尽管抗寒性亦与小麦的其他抗逆性状, 诸如耐盐碱、抗旱、耐旱节水、抗高温干热风等特性相关联, 但确保VRN-A1、VRN-B1和VRN-D1等3个位点都是隐性基因, 是保证品种具有强抗寒性、提高品种稳产性的必备条件。选育、推广vrn-A1vrn-B1vrn-D1基因型的强抗寒性品种是黄淮海北部地区小麦安全生产发展的需求。生育期的长短和农艺措施等亦可能对小麦的抗寒性有影响, 加强这方面研究有利于加深对小麦抗寒性生物学基础的了解, 促进小麦抗寒高产育种的发展。 The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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