摘要:小农户与生态农业产业链衔接是小农户与现代农业发展有机衔接的重要途径, 对小农户富裕及生态农业发展有着重要意义, 然而现有研究针对性不足制约了相关实践的开展。本研究立足于小农户主体意愿, 在对相关理论进行分析的基础上, 应用随机参数Logit模型就小农户与生态农业产业链衔接偏好及其异质性来源进行深入分析。相对现有研究, 本研究在概念、研究视角、研究方法方面进行了拓展, 可为小农户发展生态农业相关政策设计提供参考和支持。研究表明, 小农户与生态农业产业链衔接存在偏好。1)小农户更愿意通过“小农户+龙头企业”路径及“小农户+电商平台”路径与生态农业产业链衔接, 其系数分别为4.60及2.10; 2)相对于股份合作, 小农户对于合约协作以及务工参与等利益联结机制有着显著偏好, 其系数分别为7.47及5.41; 3)小农户对于产业链服务的偏好依次为农资供应服务、农业生产技术指导服务、资金信贷服务、加工及物流服务, 系数分别为3.96、2.94、1.82和1.49; 4)小农户在政策扶持上更偏好农业补贴, 系数为2.10; 5)小农户与生态农业产业链衔接偏好存在异质性, 小农户年龄及其生态农产品种植面积对衔接效用具有正向影响, 小农户受教育水平在一定程度上制约了衔接效用的发挥。在此基础上, 进一步从路径建设、机制设计、服务体系、资金需求等方面提出了建议。
关键词:小农户/
生态农业/
产业链/
现代农业/
利益链接/
选择偏好
Abstract:The connection between small farmers and the ecological agriculture industry chain is an important way to establish an organic connection between small farmers and modern agricultural development, which is significant to the farmer’s prosperity and the development of ecological agriculture. However, the lack of pertinence in existing research restricts the development of related practices. This study aimed to understand the connection preferences of small farmers and the ecological agriculture industry chain and the source of their preference heterogeneity, further providing references for the design of related policies to promote the connetcion of small farmers with the ecological agriculture industry chain. Compared with existing researches, this research had expanded the concepts, research perspectives, and research methods, providing reference and support for small farmers in developing ecological agriculture-related policy design. In this article, based on the willingness of small farmers, we analyzed the related theories. First, we analyzed the organic connection between small farmers and the ecological agriculture industry chain; second, referring to the existing research results, we constructed a collection of choices for the connection of small farmers and the ecological agriculture industry chain. Among them, four types of attributes were set in the selection set design: linkage path, interest linkage mechanism, service type, and policy support type; finally, we conducted a household survey of 588 small farmers involved in ecological agriculture activities in Jiangxi Province. In this study, the random parameter Logit model was used to analyze and discuss the connection preferences of small farmers with the ecological agriculture industry chain, and the sources of heterogeneity. Research showed that there was a preference for the connection between small farmers and the ecological agriculture industrial chain: 1) In terms of linkage path selection, small farmers were more willing to connect with the ecological agriculture industry chain through the “small farmers + leading enterprises” path and the “small farmers + e-commerce platform” path, with coefficients of 4.60 and 2.10, respectively. 2) In terms of the choice of interest linkage mechanism, compared with the joint stock partnership, small farmers had a significant preference for contract cooperation and migrant work participation in employment and other interest linkage mechanisms, with coefficients of 7.47 and 5.41, respectively. 3) In terms of the provided service type, the preferences of smallholders for industry chain services were agricultural material supply, agricultural technical guidance services, capital and credit services, and processing and logistics services, with coefficients of 3.96, 2.94, 1.82, and 1.49, respectively. 4) In terms of the policy support type, small farmers preferred agricultural subsidies in policy support, with a coefficient of 2.10. 5) There was heterogeneity in the preference of small farmers to connect with the ecological agriculture industrial chain. The age, education level, and planting area of the ecological agricultural products of the interviewed farmers were the primary heterogeneity sources. Among them, the age of farmers and planting area of the ecological agricultural products positively impacted the connection of small farmers with the ecological agriculture industry chain. To a certain extent, the education level of small farmers restricted the connection effect. According to these research results, when designing policies, the accessibility to the ecological agriculture industrial chain should be improved, the standardization of the industrial chain benefit linkage mechanism be promoted, the construction of a socialized service system suitable for the development of small-scale ecological agriculture be accelerated, and the funds needed by small farmers to develop ecological agriculture be enriched.
Key words:Small farmers/
Ecological agriculture/
Industry chain/
Modern agriculture/
Interest link/
Choice preference
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