摘要:限于大都市的资源与政策限制, 为实现都市休闲农业主体规模经营意愿, 寻求休闲农业主体如何在现有资源约束下适度扩大规模, 有效促进都市休闲农业可持续发展, 本文基于上海市87家休闲农业主体问卷数据, 构建Logistic-ISM模型, 以休闲农业主体农地规模意愿为测度目标, 研究影响意愿的显著性因素及各因素间的逻辑层次关系。结果表明: 适度扩大规模取决于3个层次因素的影响。1)深层根源因素中, 受到政府建设用地支持的休闲农业主体扩大农地规模意愿更强烈。2)中层间接因素中, 农业资源特色性、园区规划科学性、创新经营能力、经营产业结构对休闲农业主体扩大农地规模意愿具有显著的正向影响; 而农业生产生态性强, 则会减弱其扩大农地规模的意愿。3)表层直接因素中, 文化功能型的休闲农业主体愿意扩大农地规模, 而休闲功能型的经营主体倾向降低农地规模。为促进都市休闲农业适度规模经营, 政府应引入国企发挥示范效应, 盘活乡村存量的土地资源, 释放资源价值。同时, 休闲农业应为都市核心功能提供战略空间, 充分考虑休闲农业主体异质性, 深挖乡村文化底蕴, 促进从承担农产品保障供应功能向承担多元复合功能转变, 凸显农业农村的经济价值、生态价值、美学价值。
关键词:适度规模经营/
Logistic-ISM模型/
休闲农业主体/
农地规模意愿/
都市休闲农业
Abstract:It is necessary to determine how to appropriately expand the scale of leisure agriculture entities under constraints of existing resources and effectively promote sustainable development of urban leisure agriculture for realization of large-scale operational willingness of urban leisure agriculture entities limited to resources and policy restrictions of metropolises. Based on questionnaire data of 87 leisure agriculture entities in Shanghai, this study constructed a Logistic-ISM (interpretation structure model) model and took the willingness of leisure agriculture entities as measurement targets to study significant factors that affected the willingness, and logical hierarchical relationships between factors. Results showed that moderate expansion depended on the influence of the three levels of factors: 1) Among deep-seated factors, the leisure agriculture entities supported by government construction land were more willing to expand the scale of farmland. 2) Among middle-level indirect factors, the characteristics of agricultural resources, scientific park planning, innovative management capabilities, and business industrial structure positively affected the willingness of leisure agriculture entities to expand the scale of farmland, while the ecological nature of agricultural production was strong, the expansion of operators’ willingness to farmland size was weak. 3) Among the direct factors at the surface level, culturally functional leisure agriculture entities were willing to expand the scale of farmland, while leisure functional management entities tended to reduce the scale of farmland. To promote moderate scale operation of urban leisure agriculture, the government should introduce state-owned enterprises to play a demonstration effect to revitalize stock of rural land resources, and release value of resources. At the same time, leisure agriculture should provide strategic space for urban core functions, fully consider the heterogeneity of leisure agriculture entities, dig deep into rural cultural heritage, and promote transformation from undertaking the function of guaranteeing the supply of agricultural products for multiple functions to highlighting the economic, ecological, and esthetic values of agriculture and rural areas.
Key words:Moderate scale management/
Logistic-ISM model/
Leisure agriculture entities/
Farmland scale willingness/
Urban leisure agriculture
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