摘要:新时代我国耕地保护已转型为数量、质量、生态"三位一体"格局，提升耕地质量是确保国家粮食安全和重要农产品有效供给的资源基础，是实现农业高质量发展的条件保障。农户是耕地的直接利用者与经营者，也是耕地质量保护与提升的直接主体，促进农户的耕地质量提升行为是实现耕地保护战略目标的关键。本文通过文献统计与归纳总结，对国内外相关研究进行梳理和分析发现：农户耕地质量提升行为的逻辑一般沿"认知→意愿→行为"路径，也存在"认知→行为"的可能；农户采取耕地质量提升行为的响应程度不高，通过调节关键驱动因素可提高农户的积极性。从行为逻辑与响应过程来看，农户耕地质量提升行为的关键驱动力为认知水平、经营规模、土地经营权稳定性和政策支持。此外，现有文献的研究方法主要为定性与简单定量研究，缺乏对农户耕地质量提升行为的障碍因素、契约关系稳定性、不同经营主体行为差异性等方面的定量研究。因此，从多元主体等视角，采用定量模型等方法，开展农户耕地质量提升行为的关键因素识别、障碍因素分析和政策支持探索成为未来研究的重点方向。
关键词:农户行为/
耕地质量提升/
逻辑路径/
驱动力分析
Abstract:The "three-in-one" approach of quantity, quality, and ecology has become the target of cultivated land protection in China; improving the quality of cultivated land is the resource basis for ensuring food security and effective supply of important agricultural products in China. It also helps to achieve high-quality agricultural development. To better understand the cultivated land quality improvement behavior of farmers, who represent a key demographic for achieving the strategic objectives of cultivated land protection, this study analyzed the logical paths and driving forces of cultivated land improvement behavior of farmers. We found that the logic of farmland quality improvement behavior of farmers generally followed the path of "cognition→will→behavior", but there was also the possibility of "cognition→behavior". This can be subdivided into four different logical paths based on the theory of planned behavior, the theory of stimulus and response, the theory of extended value-belief-norm, and the theory of rational individuals. The behavior response to cultivated land quality improvement was not optimistic, and the enthusiasm of farmers could be improved by adjusting the key driving factors. From the perspective of progress in behavior logic and response, the key driving forces of farmland quality improvement behavior of farmers were the business scale, stability of land management rights, awareness level, and policy support. There were linear and non-linear relationships between the scale of cultivated land and the cultivated land quality improvement behavior of farmer households, and the proportion of large-scale entities who implemented cultivated land quality improvement trended upward. The evaluation of farmland quality status of farmers hindered their farmland quality improvement behavior, whereas the awareness of farmers regarding environmental protection played a promoting role. The cognitive level of farmers was affected by the level of information acquisition. The stability of land management rights had a "guarantee effect" for improving the quality of cultivated land. Policy constraints primarily regulated farmland quality improvement behaviors of farmers by providing policy guidance or constraints, whereas preferential subsidies promoted quality improvement behavior by giving farmers preferential treatment or compensation. The existing literatures lacked quantitative researches on the obstacles to farmland quality improvement behavior, the stability of contract relationships, and the behavioral differences of different business entities. Therefore, future studies should use quantitative models and other methods to identify the key factors, analyze the obstacles, and examine policy support programs for farmland quality improvement behaviors of farmers.
Key words:Farmers' behavior/
Cultivated land quality improvement/
Logic paths/
Driving forces analysis
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