具有多方向生物力学逼真特性的碰撞假人胸部集总参数建模

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清华大学辅仁网/2017-07-07

赖兴华^1,²,徐辰³,马春生¹(

),周青¹,张金换¹

2. 清华大学苏州汽车研究院(相城), 苏州 215000
3. 清华大学摩擦学国家重点实验室, 北京 100084

Development of a lumped-mass dummy chest model with multi-directional biofidelity

Xinghua LAI^1,²,Chen XU³,Chunsheng MA¹(

),Qing ZHOU¹,Jinhuan ZHANG¹

1. State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
2. Suzhou Automobile Research Institute (Xiangcheng), Tsinghua University, Suzhou 215000, China
3. State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;

摘要:

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摘要针对现有假人仅限于有限的特定碰撞方向应用的不足,提出了一种可同时满足正向(0°)、侧向(90°)和斜向(60°)动力响应生物力学逼真度的假人胸部概念模型,使用弹簧阻尼单元模拟人体胸部不同方向的粘弹性动态力学响应特性,对人体尸体(PMHS)胸部正向、侧向和斜向力学响应进行了1维集总参数动力学模拟,及2维3方向耦合假人胸部有限元模型构建及参数优化。结果表明: 满足多方向力学响应的概念假人胸部方案是可行的,所建立的多方向耦合胸部数字模型是可靠的,该模型能够用于包含斜向碰撞在内的多种碰撞工况下的乘员胸部伤害风险研究。

关键词 ：碰撞假人,胸部,斜向,力学响应

Abstract：Existing crash test dummies are commonly designed to work in a specific loading direction. Without validation of their responses in other directions, say with oblique forces, the use of such dummies to evaluate injury risks of occupants in complex loading conditions is questionable. This paper describes a conceptual dummy thorax structure which can function in pure frontal, pure lateral and oblique 60˚ loading directions by properly positioning spring-damper modules inside the thorax structure. The dynamic behavior of the thorax to these three different directions is simulated using lumped-mass spring damper models and by building a simplified two-dimensional finite element dummy chest model that couples all three directions. The results show that the dummy thorax model can work in multiple loading directions. The validated mathematical model is reliable, with potential to be used in thorax injury studies for multiple/complex crash loading conditions, including oblique impact.

Key words：crash test dummy chest oblique mechanical response

收稿日期: 2013-08-30 出版日期: 2015-03-17

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(51205225)

引用本文:

赖兴华,徐辰,马春生,周青,张金换. 具有多方向生物力学逼真特性的碰撞假人胸部集总参数建模[J]. 清华大学学报（自然科学版）, 2014, 54(6): 750-755.
Xinghua LAI,Chen XU,Chunsheng MA,Qing ZHOU,Jinhuan ZHANG. Development of a lumped-mass dummy chest model with multi-directional biofidelity. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2014, 54(6): 750-755.

链接本文:

http://jst.tsinghuajournals.com/CN/或 http://jst.tsinghuajournals.com/CN/Y2014/V54/I6/750

图表:

胸部肋骨平面多方向响应机制概念设计

胸部集总参数动力学模型

胸部1维冲击动力学仿真模型

胸部侧向冲击试验与仿真结果

模型	速度		K₁	K₂	C₁	C₂
模型	m·s^-1		kN/m	kN/m	N/(m·s^-1)	N/(m·s^-1)
侧向	4.3	120	120	280	290
侧向^[12]	4.3	180	210	146	219
正向	6.7	110	79	350	390
斜向	4.5	75	35	400	520

胸部侧向、正向、斜向动力学模型标定的参数值

仿真载荷时间曲线与试验比对(冲击速度6.7 m/s)

仿真胸压缩时间曲线与试验比对(冲击速度6.7 m/s)

胸部斜向冲击仿真结果(初始速度4.5 m/s)

2维简化胸部有限元模型

胸部钝性冲击仿真分析

冲击方向	K/(kN·m^-1)	C/(N·(m·s^-1)^-1)
正向X	80	100
斜向X	35	100
侧向X	30	100
3向Y, Z	10	—

验证后的2维简化胸部FE模型参数

2维简化胸部FE模型正面碰撞验证

2维简化胸部FE模型斜向碰撞验证

2维简化胸部FE模型侧面碰撞验证

参考文献:

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