刚体有限元方法改进及其在风力机动力学中的应用

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清华大学辅仁网/2017-07-07

张丰豪,何榕(

)

Modified rigid finite element method for wind turbine dynamics

Fenghao ZHANG,Rong HE(

)

Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Thermal Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

摘要:

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摘要在建立风力机结构动力学模型过程中,该文发现刚体有限元方法采用的二次划分方法存在缺陷,会导致系统动能存在损失、精度降低。为了对这些缺陷进行改进,抛弃二次划分方法,根据实际结构灵活布置弹性阻尼节点,并调整了弹性阻尼节点的作用范围。对改进方法的正确性和精度进行对比验证,结果表明: 改进方法具有更高的精度; 在分段数目较少时,其位移和频率结果更接近精确解。改进方法灵活易用,处理边界条件简便,有利于在工程应用中的推广。采用改进方法建立了水平轴风力发电机的整机结构动力学模型,该模型结果精确可靠。

关键词 ：风力机,动力学,柔性,刚体有限元,改进

Abstract：The two-stage-division method used by the rigid finite element method has some defects that restrict analyses for wind turbine dynamics. A modified method is developed which replaces the two-stage-division method by distributing the spring damping elements as in the real structure. The action range of the spring damping element is also adjusted. The displacement and frequency results computed by the modified method are very close to precise results. The modified method is flexible with easily applied boundary conditions, so this method can be widely used. A wind turbine dynamic model developed using the modified method gives accurate results.

Key words：wind turbine dynamic flexible rigid finite element modification

收稿日期: 2013-09-25 出版日期: 2015-04-16

ZTFLH:

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目 (21376134)

引用本文:

张丰豪, 何榕. 刚体有限元方法改进及其在风力机动力学中的应用[J]. 清华大学学报（自然科学版）, 2014, 54(2): 253-258.
Fenghao ZHANG, Rong HE. Modified rigid finite element method for wind turbine dynamics. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2014, 54(2): 253-258.

链接本文:

http://jst.tsinghuajournals.com/CN/或 http://jst.tsinghuajournals.com/CN/Y2014/V54/I2/253

图表:

刚体有限元方法示意图

坐标系设置

刚体有限元方法处理多体系统连接的示意图

刚体有限元划分方法改进示意图

划分5段时0.2 m位置处的位移结果

划分10段时0.1 m位置处的位移结果

改进前后最大位移误差绝对值对比

方法	精确解/(10^-4m)	5段		10段		20段
方法	精确解/(10^-4m)	位移最大值/(10^-4m)	误差/%	位移最大值/(10^-4m)	误差/%	位移最大值/(10^-4m)	误差/%
改进前	4.042	3.963	-1.95	3.972	-1.73	3.997	-1.11
改进后		4.057	0.37	4.050	0.19	4.049	0.148

不同分段数目下自由端的最大位移及误差

	频率/Hz
	1阶	2阶	3阶
精确解	14.47	90.69	254.00
改进方法	14.50	90.70	253.89
误差/%	0.206	0.013	-0.023

改进方法固有频率与精确解对比(20段)

改进前后频率的误差绝对值对比

风力机模型的结果对比

风力机部件	类型	BModes/Hz	本文模型/Hz
	1阶弯振	0.42	0.40
塔架	2阶弯振	2.37	2.33
	3阶弯振	5.10	4.98
	1阶扭振	1.95	1.84
	1阶挥舞	1.21	1.20
叶片	2阶挥舞	1.83	1.83
	1阶摆振	3.72	3.70
	2阶摆振	6.13	6.10

风力机固有频率与有限元结果对比

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