Reject water treatment by MBBR coupled with integrated partial nitrification-anaerobic ammonium oxidation
LU Xinxin1,2,, WANG Yi1,2,,, HUANG Ruixue1,2 1.School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China 2.Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710055, China
Abstract:A moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) was used to treat the reject water in which phosphorus was recovered in this study. The integrated partial nitrification-anaerobic ammonium oxidation (PNAAO) process was successfully coupled with MBBR under the room temperature of 24~26 ℃, HRT of 22.24 h, DO of 0.5 mg·L?1, and the average influent ammonia nitrogen ($ {\rm{NH}}_{\rm{4}}^ + $-N) concentration of 167.51 mg·L?1. The maximum removal rates of $ {\rm{NH}}_{\rm{4}}^ + $-N and total inorganic nitrogen could reach 96% and 79.7%, respectively. However, DO concentration had a great effect on the operation of the integratd reactor. So, it is very important to maintain a stable DO concentration for nitrogen removal by the system. The results of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and high-throughput sequencing confirmed that Nitrosomonas in biofilm and activated sludge of MBBR accounted for 10.46% and 21.46% of the total bacteria, respectively. In addition, Candidatus Kuenenia was the dominant species of AAOB(anammox bacterium) in both biofilm and activated sludge, which accounted for 4.13% and 0.71% of the total bacteria, respectively. Therefore, partial nitrification was mainly accomplished by activated sludge, while anaerobic ammonia oxidation was primarily accomplished by biofilm in MBBR. Therefore, the coupled process of partial nitrification and anaerobic ammonia oxidation in a MBBR could achieve an efficient autotrophic nitrogen removal under room temperature. This research shows the feasibility of the treatment of real reject water by the coupled reactor, and provides an important basis on the application of the process in practical engineering. Key words:moving bed biofilm reactor/ reject water/ autotrophic nitrogen removal/ anaerobic ammonium oxidation.
图1实验系统流程图 Figure1.Schematic diagram of reactor system
图3整个运行期间生成的$ {\rm{NO}}_{\rm{3}}^{\rm{ - }}$与去除的$ {\rm{NH}}_{\rm{4}}^{\rm{ + }}$的比值 Figure3.Ratio of $ {\rm{NO}}_{{\rm{3}}}^{\rm{ - }}$ (produced) to $ {\rm{NH}}_{{\rm{4}}}^{\rm{ + }}$ (removed) throughout the operation period
图6MBBR中生物膜及活性污泥的宏基因组微生物分类测序基因丰度图 Figure6.Macro-genomic microbial classification and sequencing gene abundance map of biofilm and activated sludge in MBBR
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1.School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China 2.Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710055, China Received Date: 2019-09-04 Accepted Date: 2019-12-11 Available Online: 2020-07-10 Keywords:moving bed biofilm reactor/ reject water/ autotrophic nitrogen removal/ anaerobic ammonium oxidation Abstract:A moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) was used to treat the reject water in which phosphorus was recovered in this study. The integrated partial nitrification-anaerobic ammonium oxidation (PNAAO) process was successfully coupled with MBBR under the room temperature of 24~26 ℃, HRT of 22.24 h, DO of 0.5 mg·L?1, and the average influent ammonia nitrogen ($ {\rm{NH}}_{\rm{4}}^ + $-N) concentration of 167.51 mg·L?1. The maximum removal rates of $ {\rm{NH}}_{\rm{4}}^ + $-N and total inorganic nitrogen could reach 96% and 79.7%, respectively. However, DO concentration had a great effect on the operation of the integratd reactor. So, it is very important to maintain a stable DO concentration for nitrogen removal by the system. The results of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and high-throughput sequencing confirmed that Nitrosomonas in biofilm and activated sludge of MBBR accounted for 10.46% and 21.46% of the total bacteria, respectively. In addition, Candidatus Kuenenia was the dominant species of AAOB(anammox bacterium) in both biofilm and activated sludge, which accounted for 4.13% and 0.71% of the total bacteria, respectively. Therefore, partial nitrification was mainly accomplished by activated sludge, while anaerobic ammonia oxidation was primarily accomplished by biofilm in MBBR. Therefore, the coupled process of partial nitrification and anaerobic ammonia oxidation in a MBBR could achieve an efficient autotrophic nitrogen removal under room temperature. This research shows the feasibility of the treatment of real reject water by the coupled reactor, and provides an important basis on the application of the process in practical engineering.
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--> --> --> 随着我国污水处理能力和处理率的迅速增长，作为污水衍生品的污泥产量也逐年增加，预计到2020年，我国污泥年产量将达到6×107~9×107t[1]。污泥在经过浓缩、消化、脱水过程时会产生大量污泥水，其水质特点为氮磷浓度高、C/N比较低，且其中的大部分碳较难降解。目前，污泥水通过回流到污水处理厂的前端，与市政污水混合处理，增加了系统的氮磷负荷，容易导致出水氮磷不达标排放[2-4]。因此，将污泥水进行单独处理，可保障主工艺流程的稳定性和达标率，对污水处理厂的运行管理具有重要意义。 然而，污泥水单独处理工艺在目前的污水处理厂中应用较少，主要因为采用单独处理工艺在保证处理效率的前提下，其运行操作较为复杂或其能耗较高[5]。污泥水中的磷一般可通过沉淀或结晶去除，研究相对成熟[6]，而污泥水中氮的低耗高效脱除一直是单独处理工艺研究开发的重点。污泥水中的氮主要为氨氮，从节能角度考虑，短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化(PN/A)工艺在污泥水处理中的研究应用较多。目前，大多研究通过分段式实现PN/A工艺对高氨氮废水的处理，即在2个独立的反应器中先经过短程硝化、后经厌氧氨氧化过程去除废水中的氮，但分段式存在操作复杂且短程硝化系统不易于长期稳定控制等问题[7-8]。因此，一体式PN/A对高氨氮废水的处理工艺受到了广泛的关注，相较于分段式，其具有工艺流程简单、占地面积小的优点[9-10]。然而，近年来采用一体式PN/A处理污泥水的研究中大多采用模拟废水[11-12]，其对一体式短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化处理实际污泥水的工程应用借鉴性不高。 鉴于此，本研究以实际污泥水为对象，采用移动床生物膜反应器(moving bed biofilm reactor，MBBR)一体式耦合短程硝化与厌氧氨氧化来实现污泥水的生物脱氮，探究了生物脱氮效果并通过微生物鉴定了解其脱氮机制，为实际污泥水中氮的去除提供参考。
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