Preparation of Ce doped CNTs-TiO2 photocatalyst and its NO oxidation performance
ZHANG Jianwei1,, YUAN Peng1, WANG Jianqiao1, SHEN Boxiong1,2,,, ZHANG Yanfang3 1.School of Energy and Environment Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China 2.Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, Tianjin 300401, China 3.Tangshan Hengtong Technology Co. Ltd., Tangshan 063300, China
Abstract:In order to investigate the application potential of photocatalysis on flue gas denitration after wet desulfurization, metal and non-metal doped CNTs-TiO2 composite photocatalyst was prepared by sol-gel method, and the NO oxidation performance of the catalyst was tested and compared under simulated flue gas conditions. SEM, BET, XRD, Raman, XPS, DRS and other means were used to characterize the photocatalyst. The results showed that the oxidation efficiency of TiO2 was the lowest, the oxidation efficiency of photocatalyst doped with metal was slightly higher than that of photocatalyst doped with non-metal, and the oxidation efficiency of photocatalyst compounded with CNTs was significantly improved. Among above catalytic materials, CNTs-Ce/TiO2 had the larger specific surface area and the shortest Ti—O bond length, which facilitated the transfer of photo-generated electrons to CNTs along Ti—O bonds, formed more trivalent cerium oxides, and was conducive to the oxygen adsorption on the catalyst surface. Lower band gap width and great ultraviolet light absorbance showed the most excellent removal efficiency in NO oxidation performance test, and the efficiency increased by 19% compared with TiO2 and by 13% compared with CNTs-TiO2. According to the analysis, Ce and CNTs showed a synergistic effect. Ce doped TiO2 could effectively inhibit the combination of photogenic carriers, thus improving photocatalytic activity. Composite CNTs elevated the specific surface area of the catalyst and the formation of oxygen vacancies, thus promoting the whole catalytic oxidation reaction. Key words:carbon nanotubes/ TiO2/ flue gas denitration/ photocatalytic.
图1实验系统示意图 Figure1.Schematic diagram of the experimental system
SHI Y, XIA Y F, LU B H, et al. Emission inventory and trends of NOx for China, 2000-2020[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering), 2014, 15: 454-464.
[3]
VILLAMAINA R, NOVA I, TRONCONI E, et al. The deactivation of an NH3-SCR Cu-SAPO catalyst upon exposure to non-oxidizing conditions[J]. Applied Catalysis A: General, 2019, 580: 11-16. doi: 10.1016/j.apcata.2019.03.027
[4]
DAOOD S S, JAVED M T, GIBBS B M, et al. NOx control in coal combustion by combining biomass co-firing, oxygen enrichment and SNCR[J]. Fuel, 2013, 105: 283-292. doi: 10.1016/j.fuel.2012.06.087
[5]
ZHANG B, ZHONG Z P, FU Z M, et al. Experimental studies on photocatalytic oxidation of nitric oxides using titanium dioxide[J]. Journal of Southeast University, 2012, 28: 179-183.
SONG W, ZENG Y, WANG Y, et al. Photo-induced strong active component-support interaction enhancing NOx removal performance of CeO2/TiO2[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2019, 476: 834-839. doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.01.190
[9]
NGUYEN D C T, CHO K Y, OH W C. Mesoporous CuO-graphene coating of mesoporous TiO2 for enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity of organic dyes[J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2019, 211: 646-657. doi: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.10.009
[10]
TREVISAN V, OLIVO A, PINNA F, et al. C-N/TiO2 photocatalysts: Effect of co-doping on the catalytic performance under visible light[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2014, 160: 152-160.
[11]
MATOS J, OCARES-RIQUELME J, POON P S, et al. C-doped anatase TiO2: Adsorption kinetics and photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue and phenol, and correlations with DFT estimations[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2019, 547: 14-29. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.03.074
XU C, XIE W, SI X, et al. Photocatalytic degradation of cooking fume on a TiO2-coated carbon nanotubes composite filter[J]. Environmental Research, 2018, 166: 167-174. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.05.038
[14]
WANG W, LU C, NI Y, et al. Fabrication of CNTs and GP/AuGP modified TiO2 photocatalyst with two-channel electron conduction path for significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2013, 129: 606-613. doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2012.10.014
[15]
YAN N, ZHU Z, ZHANG J, et al. Preparation and properties of Ce-doped TiO2 photocatalyst[J]. Materials Research Bulletin, 2012, 47: 1869-1873. doi: 10.1016/j.materresbull.2012.04.077
[16]
SILVA C G, FARIA J L. Photocatalytic oxidation of benzene derivatives in aqueous suspensions: Synergic effect induced by the introduction of carbon nanotubes in a TiO2 matrix[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2010, 101(1/2): 81-89.
[17]
HU C, ZHANG R, XIANG J, et al. Synthesis of carbon nanotube/anatase titania composites by a combination of sol-gel and self-assembly at low temperature[J]. Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 2011, 184(5): 1286-1292. doi: 10.1016/j.jssc.2011.03.040
[18]
DASIREDDY V D B C, LIKOZAR B. Selective photocatalytic oxidation of benzene to phenol using carbon nanotube (CNT)-supported Cu and TiO2 heterogeneous catalysts[J]. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 2018, 82: 331-341. doi: 10.1016/j.jtice.2017.11.011
[19]
XIAO J, PENG T, I R, et al. Preparation, phase transformation and photocatalytic activities of cerium-doped mesoporous titania nanoparticles[J]. Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 2006, 179(4): 1161-1170. doi: 10.1016/j.jssc.2006.01.008
[20]
TAN Z Q, SUN L S, XIANG J, et al. Gas-phase elemental mercury removal by novel carbon-based sorbents[J]. Carbon, 2012, 50(2): 362-371. doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2011.08.036
SHAARI N, TAN S H, MOHAMED A R. Synthesis and characterization of CNT/Ce-TiO2 nanocomposite for phenol degradation[J]. Journal of Rare Earths, 2012, 30(7): 651-658. doi: 10.1016/S1002-0721(12)60107-0
[24]
WANG S, PAN L, SONG J J, et al. Titanium-defected undoped anatase TiO2 with p-type conductivity, room-temperature ferromagnetism, and remarkable photocatalytic performance[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2015, 137(8): 2975-2983. doi: 10.1021/ja512047k
[25]
ZHANG Z, TAN X, YU T, et al. Time-dependent formation of oxygen vacancies in black TiO2 nanotube arrays and the effect on photoelectrocatalytic and photoelectrochemical properties[J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2016, 41(27): 11634-11643. doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.12.200
RUI Y, XIONG H, SU B, et al. Liquid-liquid interface assisted synthesis of SnO2 nanorods with tunable length for enhanced performance in dye-sensitized solar cells[J]. Electrocimica Acta, 2017, 227: 49-60. doi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.01.004
[28]
MAHESWARI A U, ANJALI K K, SIVAKUMAR M. Optical absorption enhancement of PVP capped TiO2 nanostructures in the visible region[J]. Solid State Ionics, 2019, 337: 33-41. doi: 10.1016/j.ssi.2019.04.001
[29]
YANG S X, ZHU W P, JIANG Z P, et al. The surface properties and the activities in catalytic wet air oxidation over CeO2-TiO2 catalysts[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2006, 252(24): 8499-8505. doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2005.11.067
[30]
DOLGONOS A, MASON T, POEPPELMEIER K. Direct optical band gap measurement in polycrystalline semiconductors: A critical look at the Tauc method[J]. Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 2016, 240: 43-48. doi: 10.1016/j.jssc.2016.05.010
[31]
THIRUPPATHI M, SENTHIL K P, DEVENDRAN P, et al. Ce-TiO2 nanocomposites: An efficient, stable and affordable photocatalyst for the photodegradation of diclofenac sodium[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2018, 735: 728-734. doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.11.139
1.School of Energy and Environment Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China 2.Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, Tianjin 300401, China 3.Tangshan Hengtong Technology Co. Ltd., Tangshan 063300, China Received Date: 2019-09-05 Accepted Date: 2019-10-10 Available Online: 2020-07-10 Keywords:carbon nanotubes/ TiO2/ flue gas denitration/ photocatalytic Abstract:In order to investigate the application potential of photocatalysis on flue gas denitration after wet desulfurization, metal and non-metal doped CNTs-TiO2 composite photocatalyst was prepared by sol-gel method, and the NO oxidation performance of the catalyst was tested and compared under simulated flue gas conditions. SEM, BET, XRD, Raman, XPS, DRS and other means were used to characterize the photocatalyst. The results showed that the oxidation efficiency of TiO2 was the lowest, the oxidation efficiency of photocatalyst doped with metal was slightly higher than that of photocatalyst doped with non-metal, and the oxidation efficiency of photocatalyst compounded with CNTs was significantly improved. Among above catalytic materials, CNTs-Ce/TiO2 had the larger specific surface area and the shortest Ti—O bond length, which facilitated the transfer of photo-generated electrons to CNTs along Ti—O bonds, formed more trivalent cerium oxides, and was conducive to the oxygen adsorption on the catalyst surface. Lower band gap width and great ultraviolet light absorbance showed the most excellent removal efficiency in NO oxidation performance test, and the efficiency increased by 19% compared with TiO2 and by 13% compared with CNTs-TiO2. According to the analysis, Ce and CNTs showed a synergistic effect. Ce doped TiO2 could effectively inhibit the combination of photogenic carriers, thus improving photocatalytic activity. Composite CNTs elevated the specific surface area of the catalyst and the formation of oxygen vacancies, thus promoting the whole catalytic oxidation reaction.