4.华北油田计量中心站,廊坊 065007
2.CNPC Research Institute of Safety and Environmental Technology, Beijing 102206, China
4.Metrology Center Station of China National Petroleum Corporation Hua Bei Oilfield, Langfang 065007, China
为识别反映地下水质量的优先控制污染物,基于污染物危害性评价体系,结合某炼厂污染物的检出率、检出浓度和超标倍数,建立了石油炼化企业地下水中优先控制污染物识别方法;采用该方法对石油炼制厂地下水污染物进行了筛选研究。结果表明,石油炼化行业地下水中优先控制污染物清单包括苯、甲苯、乙苯、二甲苯、石油烃、苯酚、挥发性酚类、砷、铅和锰等10种5类污染物。研究结果与实验监测结果具有一致性,石油炼化厂地下水污染应优先控制清单中污染物,尤其是苯系物和石油烃。
In order to recognize the priority pollutants reflecting the groundwater quality, one new method for screen the characteristic pollutants in groundwater of the petroleum refining enterprise was established by combining comprehensive score method for pollutant hazard assessment and detection rate, concentration and standard exceeding rate of groundwater pollutant components. Researching on recognition the pollutants in groundwater of the petroleum refining enterprise by this method. The result showed that priority pollutants list included 10 kinds of pollutants in 5 categories: benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, total petroleum hydrocarbons, arsenic, anthracene and benzo(a)pyrene. The result of recognition in this method was consistent with the experimental monitoring result. Consequently, the 15 kinds compounds should be controlled firstly in the oil petroleum refining enterprise, especially benzene series and petroleum hydrocarbons.
.
石油炼化企业地下水中优先控制污染物识别流程
Recognition process of priority pollutants in groundwater of petroleum refining and chemical enterprises
Evaluation factors and scores of recognition priority pollutants in groundwater of the petroleum refining enterprise
Sequencing results of pollutants in groundwater of thepetroleum refining enterprise
[1] | 吕晓立, 邵景力, 刘景涛. 某石油化工污染场地地下水中挥发性有机物污染特征及成因分析[J]. 水文地质工程地质, 2012, 39(6): 97-102. |
[2] | 杨明星, 杨悦锁, 杜新强. 石油污染地下水有机污染组分特征及其环境指示效应[J]. 中国环境科学, 2013, 33(6): 1025-1032. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6923.2013.06.010 |
[3] | SNYDER E M, SNYDER S A, GIESY J P, et al. SCRAM: A scoring and ranking system for persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic substances for the north American great lakes[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2000, 6(1): 176-184. |
[4] | HANSEN B G, VAN HAELST A G, VAN LEEUWEN K, et al. Priority setting for existing chemicals: European Union risk ranking method[J]. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 1999, 18(4): 772-779. doi: 10.1002/etc.5620180425 |
[5] | HAELST A G, HANSEN B G. Priority setting for existing chemicals: Automated data selection routine[J]. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2000, 19(9): 2372-2377. doi: 10.1002/etc.5620190930 |
[6] | LERCHE D, MATSUZAKI S Y, CARLSEN L, et al. Ranking of chemical substances based on the Japanese pollutant release and transfer register using partial order theory and random linear extensions[J]. Chemosphere, 2004, 55(7): 1005-1025. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.01.023 |
[7] | 周文敏, 傅德黔, 孙宗光. 中国水中优先控制污染物黑名单的确定[J]. 环境科学研究, 1991, 4(6): 9-12. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-6929.1991.06.003 |
[8] | 环境保护部. 场地环境监测技术导则: HJ 25.2-2014[S]. 北京: 中国环境科学出版社, 2014. |
[9] | 国家环境保护总局. 地下水环境监测技术规范: HJ/T 164-2004[S]. 北京: 中国环境科学出版社, 2005. |
[10] | 李煜婷, 杜宇豪, 李志, 等. 自动固相萃取-高效液相色谱测定炼化废水中多环芳烃的方法研究[J]. 油气田环境保护, 2016, 26(5): 40-43. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-3158.2016.05.012 |
[11] | 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 中国国家标准化管理委员会. 地下水质量标准: GB/T 14848-2017[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2017. |
[12] | US Environmental Protection Agency. Screening procedure for chemicals of importance to the office of water[R]. Washington D C: Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, 1986. |
[13] | 中华人民共和国卫生部, 国家标准化管理委员会. 生活饮用水卫生标准: GB 5749-2006[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2006. |
[14] | 生态环境部, 国家市场监督管理总局. 土壤环境质量建设用地土壤污染风险管控标准: GB 36600-2018[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2018. |
[15] | 朱菲菲, 秦普丰, 张娟, 等. 我国地下水环境优先控制有机污染物的筛选[J]. 环境工程技术学报, 2013, 3(5): 443-450. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-991X.2013.05.069 |
[16] | 刘存, 韩寒, 周雯, 等. 应用 Hasse 图解法识别优先污染物[J]. 环境化学, 2003, 22(5): 499-502. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0254-6108.2003.05.017 |
[17] | 于云江, 付益伟, 孙朋, 等. 松花江吉林市江段水体特征污染物识别研究[J]. 环境卫生学杂志, 2013, 3(3): 175-181. |
[18] | 李沫蕊, 王亚飞, 滕彦国, 等. 应用综合评分识别下辽河平原区域地下水典型污染物[J]. 北京师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2015, 51(1): 64-68. |
[19] | ONKAL E G, DEMIR I, HIZ H. Assessment of urban air quality in Istanbul using fuzzy synthetic evaluation[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2004, 38(23): 3809-3815. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.03.058 |
[20] | 李成东, 金青, 黄英, 等. Copeland 计分排序法在化学物质生态危害评价中的应用[J]. 环境科学研究, 2011, 24(10): 1161-1165. |
[21] | 王昭, 石建省, 张兆吉, 等. 华北平原地下水中有机物淋溶迁移性及其污染风险评价[J]. 水利学报, 2009, 40(7): 830-837. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0559-9350.2009.07.009 |
[22] | 黄志, 胡余明, 朱明元, 等. 我国母乳中持久性有机污染暴露水平及主要来源研究[J]. 中国食品卫生杂志, 2014, 26(1): 100-104. |
[23] | 金爱芳, 张旭, 李广贺. 地下水源地污染源危害性评价方法研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2012, 32(6): 1075-1079. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6923.2012.06.018 |
[24] | 王晓红, 张新钰, 林健. 有机污染场地地下水风险评价指标体系构建的探讨[J]. 地球与环境, 2012, 40(1): 126-132. |
[25] | BABUT M, CORINNE B, MARC B, et al. Developing environmental quality standards for various pesticides and priority pollutants for French Freshwaters[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2003, 69(2): 139. |
[26] | 刘增超. 简易垃圾填埋场地下水污染风险评价方法研究[D]. 长春: 吉林大学, 2013. |
[27] | World Health Organization. International program on chemical safety (IPCS)[EB/OL]. [2018-10-11]. http://www.who. int/ipcs/en/. |
[28] | US Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Toxic substances portal[EB/OL]. [2018-09-15]. http://water.epa.gov/scitech/ methods/cwa/pollutants.cfm. |
[29] | US Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Toxicological profile for aldrin/dieldrin[R]. Atlanta: Department of Health and Human Services, 2002: 102-157. |
[30] | US Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Toxicological profile for polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs)[R]. Atlanta: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 2000. |
[31] | DONALD M, UO C M, SUM C L, et al. Handbook of Physical-Chemical Properties and Environmental Fate for Organic Chemicals[M]. 2nd ed. New York: CRC Press, 2006. |
[32] | US National Library of Medicine. Hazardous substances data bank [EB/OL]. [2018-10-11]. http://www.toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/. |
[33] | 高存荣, 王俊桃. 我国69个城市地下水有机污染特征研究[J]. 地球学报, 2011, 32(5): 581-591. doi: 10.3975/cagsb.2011.05.08 |