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青少年早期抑郁和自伤的联合发展轨迹：人际因素的作用

本站小编 Free考研考试/2022-01-01
黄垣成, 赵清玲, 李彩娜()
陕西师范大学心理学院, 陕西省儿童青少年心理与行为健康重点研究中心, 北京师范大学基础教育质量评估协同创新中心陕西师范大学分中心, 西安 710062
收稿日期:2020-08-13出版日期:2021-05-25发布日期:2021-03-29
通讯作者:李彩娜E-mail:chinali7371@163.com

基金资助:*北京师范大学基础教育质量评估协同创新中心重大成果培育型项目(2020-05-0033-BZPK01)

How interpersonal factors impact the co-development of depression and non-suicidal self-injury in Chinese early adolescents

HUANG Yuancheng, ZHAO Qingling, LI Caina()
School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University;Shaanxi Provincial Key Research Center of Child Mental and Behavioral Health;Shaanxi Normal University Branch of Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment toward Basic Education Quality at Beijing Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China
Received:2020-08-13Online:2021-05-25Published:2021-03-29
Contact:LI Caina E-mail:chinali7371@163.com






摘要/Abstract


摘要： 通过对859名初中生历时3年的3次追踪测量, 考察了抑郁和自伤的独立与联合发展轨迹, 并对3种重要人际关系(亲子关系、同伴关系、师生关系)在二者联合发展中的作用进行检验。结果发现, 青少年早期抑郁和自伤分别呈现4条和3条异质性发展轨迹; 二者的联合发展轨迹包含“低抑郁-低自伤-稳定”、“低抑郁-低自伤-增长”、“中抑郁-中自伤-降低”三类; 父母心理控制和同伴接纳分别为青少年早期抑郁和自伤的风险与保护性因素。


表1变量的均值、标准差及相关矩阵
变量 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
1 DEP (T1) 1
2 DEP (T2) 0.51** 1
3 DEP (T3) 0.45** 0.58** 1
4 SI (T1) 0.35** 0.22** 0.17** 1
5 SI (T2) 0.24** 0.38** 0.30** 0.40** 1
6 SI (T3) 0.09* 0.24** 0.35** 0.31** 0.42** 1
7 PA (T1) -0.22** -0.18** -0.15** -0.04 -0.05 -0.02 1
8 PE (T1) 0.21** 0.11** 0.10** 0.06 0.02 -0.02 -0.63** 1
9 FS (T1) -0.16** -0.13** -0.12** -0.03 -0.06 0.03 0.13** -0.06 1
10 FC (T1) -0.33** -0.22** -0.23** -0.05 -0.16** -0.06 0.08 -0.13** 0.11** 1
11 PPC (T1) 0.28** 0.24** 0.26** 0.16** 0.12** 0.10* -0.03 0.02 -0.10* -0.13** 1
12 PEW (T1) -0.29** -0.20** -0.23** -0.14** -0.03 -0.05 0.10** -0.05 0.25** 0.06 -0.25** 1
13 TES (T1) -0.15** -0.20** -0.17** -0.11** -0.16** -0.04 0.08* -0.03 0.15** 0.05 -0.11** 0.21** 1
14 TSC (T1) 0.19** 0.17** 0.17** 0.09* 0.11** 0.13** -0.06 0.06 -0.15** -0.26** 0.14** -0.13** -0.33** 1
M 1.68 1.70 1.68 0.23 0.33 0.19 0.01 0.01 3.19 4.45 2.70 2.77 3.86 2.03
SD 0.50 0.49 0.50 0.62 0.82 0.53 0.09 0.05 1.08 0.65 0.98 0.72 1.08 1.09

表1变量的均值、标准差及相关矩阵
变量 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
1 DEP (T1) 1
2 DEP (T2) 0.51** 1
3 DEP (T3) 0.45** 0.58** 1
4 SI (T1) 0.35** 0.22** 0.17** 1
5 SI (T2) 0.24** 0.38** 0.30** 0.40** 1
6 SI (T3) 0.09* 0.24** 0.35** 0.31** 0.42** 1
7 PA (T1) -0.22** -0.18** -0.15** -0.04 -0.05 -0.02 1
8 PE (T1) 0.21** 0.11** 0.10** 0.06 0.02 -0.02 -0.63** 1
9 FS (T1) -0.16** -0.13** -0.12** -0.03 -0.06 0.03 0.13** -0.06 1
10 FC (T1) -0.33** -0.22** -0.23** -0.05 -0.16** -0.06 0.08 -0.13** 0.11** 1
11 PPC (T1) 0.28** 0.24** 0.26** 0.16** 0.12** 0.10* -0.03 0.02 -0.10* -0.13** 1
12 PEW (T1) -0.29** -0.20** -0.23** -0.14** -0.03 -0.05 0.10** -0.05 0.25** 0.06 -0.25** 1
13 TES (T1) -0.15** -0.20** -0.17** -0.11** -0.16** -0.04 0.08* -0.03 0.15** 0.05 -0.11** 0.21** 1
14 TSC (T1) 0.19** 0.17** 0.17** 0.09* 0.11** 0.13** -0.06 0.06 -0.15** -0.26** 0.14** -0.13** -0.33** 1
M 1.68 1.70 1.68 0.23 0.33 0.19 0.01 0.01 3.19 4.45 2.70 2.77 3.86 2.03
SD 0.50 0.49 0.50 0.62 0.82 0.53 0.09 0.05 1.08 0.65 0.98 0.72 1.08 1.09


表2抑郁与自伤的潜类别增长模型拟合指数
类别 BIC entropy LMR-LRT BLRT
抑郁
1 3250.12 — — —
2 2755.41 0.81 <0.001 <0.001
3 2627.28 0.80 0.28 <0.001
4 2563.78 0.78 0.02 <0.001
5 2541.38 0.78 0.14 <0.001
自伤
1 4472.18 — — —
2 3632.55 0.98 0.16 <0.001
3 3197.30 0.97 0.51 <0.001
4 2810.02 0.97 0.13 <0.001
5 2503.53 0.96 0.13 <0.001

表2抑郁与自伤的潜类别增长模型拟合指数
类别 BIC entropy LMR-LRT BLRT
抑郁
1 3250.12 — — —
2 2755.41 0.81 <0.001 <0.001
3 2627.28 0.80 0.28 <0.001
4 2563.78 0.78 0.02 <0.001
5 2541.38 0.78 0.14 <0.001
自伤
1 4472.18 — — —
2 3632.55 0.98 0.16 <0.001
3 3197.30 0.97 0.51 <0.001
4 2810.02 0.97 0.13 <0.001
5 2503.53 0.96 0.13 <0.001



图1青少年早期抑郁发展轨迹
图1青少年早期抑郁发展轨迹



图2青少年早期自伤发展轨迹
图2青少年早期自伤发展轨迹


表3抑郁与自伤的平行过程潜类别增长模型拟合指数
类别 BIC entropy LMR-LRT BLRT
1 7722.29 — — —
2 6764.39 0.97 0.08 <0.001
3 6258.55 0.97 0.47 <0.001
4 5840.64 0.97 0.16 <0.001
5 5506.08 0.90 0.03 <0.001
6 5396.99 0.85 0.03 <0.001

表3抑郁与自伤的平行过程潜类别增长模型拟合指数
类别 BIC entropy LMR-LRT BLRT
1 7722.29 — — —
2 6764.39 0.97 0.08 <0.001
3 6258.55 0.97 0.47 <0.001
4 5840.64 0.97 0.16 <0.001
5 5506.08 0.90 0.03 <0.001
6 5396.99 0.85 0.03 <0.001


表4不同发展组别青少年3年期间抑郁和自伤水平均值及标准差
类别 DEP (T1) DEP (T2) DEP (T3) SI (T1) SI (T2) SI (T3)
1 1.63 (0.46) 1.65 (0.44) 1.63 (0.46) 0.10 (0.24) 0.19 (0.55) 0.10 (0.25)
2 2.39 (0.61) 2.12 (0.47) 1.96 (0.58) 2.50 (0.89) 1.55 (1.30) 0.28 (0.47)
3 1.99 (0.52) 2.38 (0.63) 2.42 (0.67) 0.72 (1.14) 2.11 (1.46) 2.54 (0.98)

表4不同发展组别青少年3年期间抑郁和自伤水平均值及标准差
类别 DEP (T1) DEP (T2) DEP (T3) SI (T1) SI (T2) SI (T3)
1 1.63 (0.46) 1.65 (0.44) 1.63 (0.46) 0.10 (0.24) 0.19 (0.55) 0.10 (0.25)
2 2.39 (0.61) 2.12 (0.47) 1.96 (0.58) 2.50 (0.89) 1.55 (1.30) 0.28 (0.47)
3 1.99 (0.52) 2.38 (0.63) 2.42 (0.67) 0.72 (1.14) 2.11 (1.46) 2.54 (0.98)


表5早期人际因素对抑郁与自伤联合发展轨迹亚组的逻辑回归分析
预测变量 OR [95% CI]
1 vs. 2 1 vs. 3 2 vs. 3
同伴接纳 1.16 [0.72, 1.87] 0.20*[0.04, 0.88] 0.17*[0.04, 0.81]
同伴排斥 1.49 [0.66, 3.41] 0.10 [0.01, 1.72] 0.07 [0.00, 1.26]
友谊支持 0.88 [0.57, 1.37] 1.03 [0.65, 1.63] 1.17[0.63, 2.17]
友谊冲突 1.30 [0.57, 2.98] 0.92 [0.45, 1.88] 0.70 [0.24, 2.04]
父母心理控制 1.84*[1.13, 2.99] 1.70*[1.05, 2.76] 0.93 [0.48, 1.79]
父母情感温暖 0.62 [0.33, 1.17] 1.02 [0.53, 1.96] 1.63 [0.67, 3.94]
教师情感支持 0.87 [0.56, 1.38] 0.84 [0.53, 1.33] 0.97 [0.52, 1.80]
教师情感冲突 1.02 [0.63, 1.64] 1.11 [0.70, 1.78] 1.09 [0.57, 2.10]

表5早期人际因素对抑郁与自伤联合发展轨迹亚组的逻辑回归分析
预测变量 OR [95% CI]
1 vs. 2 1 vs. 3 2 vs. 3
同伴接纳 1.16 [0.72, 1.87] 0.20*[0.04, 0.88] 0.17*[0.04, 0.81]
同伴排斥 1.49 [0.66, 3.41] 0.10 [0.01, 1.72] 0.07 [0.00, 1.26]
友谊支持 0.88 [0.57, 1.37] 1.03 [0.65, 1.63] 1.17[0.63, 2.17]
友谊冲突 1.30 [0.57, 2.98] 0.92 [0.45, 1.88] 0.70 [0.24, 2.04]
父母心理控制 1.84*[1.13, 2.99] 1.70*[1.05, 2.76] 0.93 [0.48, 1.79]
父母情感温暖 0.62 [0.33, 1.17] 1.02 [0.53, 1.96] 1.63 [0.67, 3.94]
教师情感支持 0.87 [0.56, 1.38] 0.84 [0.53, 1.33] 0.97 [0.52, 1.80]
教师情感冲突 1.02 [0.63, 1.64] 1.11 [0.70, 1.78] 1.09 [0.57, 2.10]







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