), 夏琦2,4, 莫志凤2,5, 李红2,3 1 四川师范大学脑与心理科学研究院, 成都 610066
2 深圳大学心理学院, 深圳 518060
3 深圳市神经科学研究院, 深圳 518060
4 深圳市光明区第二中学, 深圳 518107
5 广西师范大学化学与药学学院, 桂林 541001
收稿日期:2018-01-21出版日期:2020-07-25发布日期:2020-05-25通讯作者:雷怡E-mail:leiyi821@vip.sina.com基金资助:* 自闭症诊疗方法研究(2018B030335001);国家自然科学基金(31671150);国家自然科学基金(31871130);广东省普通高校创新团队建设项目(2015 KCXTD009);广东省省级(基础研究及应用研究)重大项目(2016KZDXM009);深圳市基础研究布局项目(JCYJ20150729104 249783);深圳市孔雀计划项目(KQTD2015033016104926);深港脑科学创新研究院项目(2019SHIBS0003)The attention bias effect of infant face: The mechanism of cuteness and familiarity
LEI Yi1,2,3(), XIA Qi2,4, MO Zhifeng2,5, LI Hong2,3 1 Institute for Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China
2 School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
3 Shenzhen Institute of Neuroscience, Shenzhen 518060, China
4 Shenzhen Guangming District Second Middle School, Shenzhen 518107, China
5 School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541001, China
Received:2018-01-21Online:2020-07-25Published:2020-05-25Contact:LEI Yi E-mail:leiyi821@vip.sina.com摘要/Abstract
摘要： 近年来, 研究发现, 与成人面孔和其他社会性刺激相比, 成人对婴儿面孔表现出更多的注意偏向。本研究利用点探测范式, 结合眼动技术, 探讨了面孔可爱度和熟悉度对婴儿面孔注意偏向效应的影响。行为结果表明, 成人对高可爱度的婴儿面孔的反应时注意偏向更强; 眼动结果发现, 高可爱度的婴儿面孔的首注视时间偏向和总注视时间偏向更强, 表现为注意维持模式, 并且, 这一效应只出现在低熟悉度条件下; 而在可爱度评分上, 高熟悉度的婴儿面孔的可爱度评分显著高于低熟悉度的婴儿面孔。结果表明, 在低熟悉度条件下, 可爱度才会影响成人对婴儿面孔注意偏向效应; 在偏好行为上, 对婴儿面孔的主观评定和观看行为上可能存在分离的情况。
图/表 5
图1点探测任务的流程图
图1点探测任务的流程图表1被试对一致、不一致探测点的反应时(M ± SD, 单位: ms)
| 图片对类型 | 一致 | 不一致 | 偏向分数 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | |
| 高可爱高熟悉婴儿面孔 中性成人面孔 | 221 | 75 | 235 | 84 | 6.82 | 14.13 |
| 高可爱低熟悉婴儿面孔 中性成人面孔 | 219 | 76 | 229 | 82 | 4.84 | 12.40 |
| 低可爱高熟悉婴儿面孔 中性成人面孔 | 220 | 78 | 225 | 75 | 2.66 | 11.37 |
| 低可爱低熟悉婴儿面孔 中性成人面孔 | 226 | 79 | 223 | 79 | -1.05 | 10.53 |
表1被试对一致、不一致探测点的反应时(M ± SD, 单位: ms)
| 图片对类型 | 一致 | 不一致 | 偏向分数 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | |
| 高可爱高熟悉婴儿面孔 中性成人面孔 | 221 | 75 | 235 | 84 | 6.82 | 14.13 |
| 高可爱低熟悉婴儿面孔 中性成人面孔 | 219 | 76 | 229 | 82 | 4.84 | 12.40 |
| 低可爱高熟悉婴儿面孔 中性成人面孔 | 220 | 78 | 225 | 75 | 2.66 | 11.37 |
| 低可爱低熟悉婴儿面孔 中性成人面孔 | 226 | 79 | 223 | 79 | -1.05 | 10.53 |
图2反应时注意偏向分数：分别是高低熟悉度下, 不同婴儿面孔的注意偏向指数。柱状图误差线代表了该条件下均值的标准误。* p < 0.05。
图2反应时注意偏向分数：分别是高低熟悉度下, 不同婴儿面孔的注意偏向指数。柱状图误差线代表了该条件下均值的标准误。* p < 0.05。
图3眼动指标结果：分为4种眼动指标：首视点定向偏向;首视点潜伏期偏向;首视点注视时间偏向;兴趣区注视时间偏向。柱状图误差线代表了该条件下均值的标准误。*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001。
图3眼动指标结果：分为4种眼动指标：首视点定向偏向;首视点潜伏期偏向;首视点注视时间偏向;兴趣区注视时间偏向。柱状图误差线代表了该条件下均值的标准误。*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001。
图4图片评分结果：实验结束之后对面孔熟悉度和可爱度的评分。柱状图误差线代表了该条件下均值的标准误。*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001。
图4图片评分结果：实验结束之后对面孔熟悉度和可爱度的评分。柱状图误差线代表了该条件下均值的标准误。*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001。参考文献 60
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