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汉语复合词视觉识别的时间进程：基于同形语素的行为与ERP证据

本站小编 Free考研考试/2022-01-01
吴建设1(), 常嘉宝1,2(), 邱寅晨3, Joseph Dien4
1 北京第二外国语学院英语学院 北京 100024
2 唐山市开滦第二中学, 河北 唐山 063100
3 北京第二外国语学院欧洲学院, 北京 100024
4 马里兰大学帕克分校, 美国马里兰州 20742
收稿日期:2018-11-30出版日期:2020-02-25发布日期:2019-12-24
通讯作者:吴建设,常嘉宝E-mail:wujianshe@bisu.edu.cn;changjiabao2016@163.com

基金资助:* 北京市长城****培养计划(PXM2017_014221_000070)

The temporal process of visual word recognition of Chinese compound: Behavioral and ERP evidences based on homographic morphemes

WU Jianshe1(), CHANG Jiabao1,2(), QIU Yinchen3, Joseph DIEN4
1 English Dept., Beijing International Studies University, Beijing 100024, China
2 Tangshan Kailuan No. 2 High School, Tangshan 063100
3 French Dept., Beijing International Studies University, Beijing 100024, China
4 Human Development and Quantitative Methodology Dept., University of Maryland, College Park, MD, U.S.A. 20742
Received:2018-11-30Online:2020-02-25Published:2019-12-24
Contact:WU Jianshe,CHANG Jiabao E-mail:wujianshe@bisu.edu.cn;changjiabao2016@163.com






摘要/Abstract


摘要： 基于同形语素抑制效应, 本研究探讨了汉语复合词视觉识别中的形音义激活进程。结果发现：(1) 同形异音、同形同音、相同条件相对于控制条件都产生了语素启动效应; (2) 在P2、晚期N400成分上, 同形同音条件与控制条件更为接近, 但与同形异音及相同条件差别显著; (3) 在早期N400成分上, 同形同音条件与相同条件更为接近, 但与同形异音条件差别显著。研究表明, 汉语复合词的视觉识别的早期阶段可能为基于词位的形态-正字法加工, 字形匹配与音位信息是首要影响因素, 但语义是否介入仍未可知; 而晚期阶段则可能为基于词条的形态-语义加工, 主要涉及语义竞争与选择。本研究结果支持了McClelland等****提出的“平行分布加工模型”。


表1实验材料举例及特征信息
特征 +O-P-S +O+P-S +O+P+S -O-P-S 目标词
作坊 作息 作诗 账本 作画
整词词频 2.85 (0.41) 2.84 (0.48) 2.88 (0.44) 2.93 (0.38) 2.87 (0.47)
首字字频 5.31 (0.59) 5.31 (0.59) 5.31 (0.59) 4.50 (0.73) 5.31 (0.59)
尾字字频 4.98 (0.84) 4.90 (0.69) 4.97 (0.67) 4.55 (0.88) 4.81 (0.88)
整词笔画 16 (4.7) 16 (4.6) 17 (4.1) 17 (4.3) 16 (4.1)
首字笔画 8.15 (3.33) 8.15 (3.33) 8.15 (3.33) 8.26 (3.1) 8.15 (3.33)
尾字笔画 7.78 (3.24) 8.33 (3.02) 8.61 (2.6) 9.07 (3.1) 8.30 (2.5)
语义相似度 1.87 (1.05) 1.99 (1.11) 4.58 (0.71) 1.19 (0.53) /
音位相同度 0.07 (0.25) 0.95 (0.22) 0.96 (0.18) 0.00 (0.00) /

表1实验材料举例及特征信息
特征 +O-P-S +O+P-S +O+P+S -O-P-S 目标词
作坊 作息 作诗 账本 作画
整词词频 2.85 (0.41) 2.84 (0.48) 2.88 (0.44) 2.93 (0.38) 2.87 (0.47)
首字字频 5.31 (0.59) 5.31 (0.59) 5.31 (0.59) 4.50 (0.73) 5.31 (0.59)
尾字字频 4.98 (0.84) 4.90 (0.69) 4.97 (0.67) 4.55 (0.88) 4.81 (0.88)
整词笔画 16 (4.7) 16 (4.6) 17 (4.1) 17 (4.3) 16 (4.1)
首字笔画 8.15 (3.33) 8.15 (3.33) 8.15 (3.33) 8.26 (3.1) 8.15 (3.33)
尾字笔画 7.78 (3.24) 8.33 (3.02) 8.61 (2.6) 9.07 (3.1) 8.30 (2.5)
语义相似度 1.87 (1.05) 1.99 (1.11) 4.58 (0.71) 1.19 (0.53) /
音位相同度 0.07 (0.25) 0.95 (0.22) 0.96 (0.18) 0.00 (0.00) /



图1实验1流程图
图1实验1流程图


表2不同启动类型的反应时和准确率
启动条件 Acc RT 95% CI 启动量
+O-P-S 0.96 605 (11) 583, 628 36
+O+P-S 0.96 613 (10) 593, 634 28
+O+P+S 0.97 601 (9) 583, 619 40
-O-P-S 0.95 641 (9) 623, 660 --

表2不同启动类型的反应时和准确率
启动条件 Acc RT 95% CI 启动量
+O-P-S 0.96 605 (11) 583, 628 36
+O+P-S 0.96 613 (10) 593, 634 28
+O+P+S 0.97 601 (9) 583, 619 40
-O-P-S 0.95 641 (9) 623, 660 --



图2实验2流程图
图2实验2流程图



图3统计分析中的电极分区
图3统计分析中的电极分区



图4不同启动类型ERP波形比较
图4不同启动类型ERP波形比较



图5在Cz电极不同启动类型的ERP波形比较
图5在Cz电极不同启动类型的ERP波形比较



图6不同启动条件下的差异波地形图比较 注：参考Dominguez等(2004)等****研究, 采用了“控制条件-启动条件”。
图6不同启动条件下的差异波地形图比较 注：参考Dominguez等(2004)等****研究, 采用了“控制条件-启动条件”。


表3P200、早期N400、晚期N400成分统计结果摘要表
成分 位置 (I)基线 (J)启动类型 差值(I-J) p值 95% CI
下限 上限
P200 中线：额中央区 +O+P-S +O-P-S -0.686 0.065 -1.4 0.029
+O+P+S -0.685* 0.014 -1.264 -0.107
-O-P-S +O-P-S -0.704* 0.038 -1.381 -0.028
+O+P+S -0.704* 0.049 -1.406 -0.002
中线：中央区 +O+P-S +O-P-S -1.041* 0.000 -1.619 -0.462
+O+P+S -0.589* 0.022 -1.116 -0.063
-O-P-S +O-P-S -1.078* 0.002 -1.831 -0.325
早期
N400		 中线：前额区 -O-P-S +O-P-S -0.923* 0.027 -1.772 -0.075
+O+P-S -0.973* 0.049 -1.943 -0.003
+O+P+S -1.156* 0.002 -1.959 -0.353
中线：额中央区 -O-P-S +O-P-S -1.066* 0.025 -2.035 -0.098
+O+P-S -0.952 0.05 -1.905 0.001
+O+P+S -1.338* 0.003 -2.292 -0.383
中线：中央区 +O+P-S +O-P-S -0.581* 0.027 -1.113 -0.048
-O-P-S +O-P-S -1.474* 0.002 -2.483 -0.464
+O+P-S -0.893* 0.039 -1.753 -0.033
+O+P+S -1.129* 0.013 -2.075 -0.183
右侧：额中央区 +O+P-S +O-P-S -0.588* 0.049 -1.174 -0.001
右侧：中央区 +O+P-S +O-P-S -0.617* 0.02 -1.162 -0.072
晚期
N400		 中线：额中央区 +O+P-S +O+P+S -1.073* 0.003 -1.832 -0.314
中线：中央区 +O+P-S +O-P-S -0.948* 0.002 -1.609 -0.287
+O+P+S -1.125* 0.000 -1.774 -0.476
中线：中顶区 +O+P-S +O-P-S -0.712* 0.047 -1.418 -0.006
+O+P+S -1.010* 0.001 -1.645 -0.375
-O-P-S +O-P-S -1.015* 0.049 -2.028 -0.003
+O+P+S -1.313* 0.014 -2.421 -0.205
中线：顶区 +O+P-S +O-P-S -1.067* 0.02 -2.007 -0.127
+O+P+S -1.178* 0.000 -1.888 -0.468
右侧：中央区 +O+P-S +O-P-S -0.692* 0.048 -1.381 -0.003

表3P200、早期N400、晚期N400成分统计结果摘要表
成分 位置 (I)基线 (J)启动类型 差值(I-J) p值 95% CI
下限 上限
P200 中线：额中央区 +O+P-S +O-P-S -0.686 0.065 -1.4 0.029
+O+P+S -0.685* 0.014 -1.264 -0.107
-O-P-S +O-P-S -0.704* 0.038 -1.381 -0.028
+O+P+S -0.704* 0.049 -1.406 -0.002
中线：中央区 +O+P-S +O-P-S -1.041* 0.000 -1.619 -0.462
+O+P+S -0.589* 0.022 -1.116 -0.063
-O-P-S +O-P-S -1.078* 0.002 -1.831 -0.325
早期
N400		 中线：前额区 -O-P-S +O-P-S -0.923* 0.027 -1.772 -0.075
+O+P-S -0.973* 0.049 -1.943 -0.003
+O+P+S -1.156* 0.002 -1.959 -0.353
中线：额中央区 -O-P-S +O-P-S -1.066* 0.025 -2.035 -0.098
+O+P-S -0.952 0.05 -1.905 0.001
+O+P+S -1.338* 0.003 -2.292 -0.383
中线：中央区 +O+P-S +O-P-S -0.581* 0.027 -1.113 -0.048
-O-P-S +O-P-S -1.474* 0.002 -2.483 -0.464
+O+P-S -0.893* 0.039 -1.753 -0.033
+O+P+S -1.129* 0.013 -2.075 -0.183
右侧：额中央区 +O+P-S +O-P-S -0.588* 0.049 -1.174 -0.001
右侧：中央区 +O+P-S +O-P-S -0.617* 0.02 -1.162 -0.072
晚期
N400		 中线：额中央区 +O+P-S +O+P+S -1.073* 0.003 -1.832 -0.314
中线：中央区 +O+P-S +O-P-S -0.948* 0.002 -1.609 -0.287
+O+P+S -1.125* 0.000 -1.774 -0.476
中线：中顶区 +O+P-S +O-P-S -0.712* 0.047 -1.418 -0.006
+O+P+S -1.010* 0.001 -1.645 -0.375
-O-P-S +O-P-S -1.015* 0.049 -2.028 -0.003
+O+P+S -1.313* 0.014 -2.421 -0.205
中线：顶区 +O+P-S +O-P-S -1.067* 0.02 -2.007 -0.127
+O+P+S -1.178* 0.000 -1.888 -0.468
右侧：中央区 +O+P-S +O-P-S -0.692* 0.048 -1.381 -0.003







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