a不同权力关系对消极特质否定句使用偏向的影响

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李婷¹, 魏小平⁴, 郑梓鑫¹, 易湘杰¹, 赵雪汝⁵, 何先友¹^,²^,³(

)

1 华南师范大学心理学院
2 教育部人文社科重点研究基地心理应用研究中心, 广州 510631
3 广东省心理健康与认知科学重点实验室, 广州 510631
4 保利集团, 广州 510220
5 北京教育学院基础教育人才研究院, 北京 100044

收稿日期:2018-07-11出版日期:2019-06-25发布日期:2019-04-25
通讯作者:何先友E-mail:xianyouhe@163.com

The effects of different power relations on negation bias of negative descriptions

LI Ting¹, WEI Xiaoping⁴, ZHENG Zixin¹, YI Xiangjie¹, ZHAO Xueru⁵, HE Xianyou¹^,²^,³(

)

1 School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
2 Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
3 Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
4 Poly Group, Guangzhou 510220, China
5 Research Institute for Basic Education Professionals, Beijing Institute of Education, Beijing 100044, China

Received:2018-07-11Online:2019-06-25Published:2019-04-25
Contact:HE Xianyou E-mail:xianyouhe@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用固定反应范式和自由反应范式, 通过创设语用情景, 考察不同权力关系对消极特质否定句使用偏向的影响。结果表明：(1)低权力者评价高权力者时, 被试倾向于使用否定方式(如“不聪明的”), 并认为否定的表述方式合适性较高, 出现否定偏向; 而高权力者评价低权力者, 或者权力平级时则没有否定偏向的出现, 肯定表述(如“愚蠢的”)被更多使用; (2)权力平级时, 社会距离会影响消极特质否定句的使用, 社会距离越远, 消极特质否定句的使用越少; 社会距离越近, 消极特质否定句的使用越多。结果表明, 权力关系与社会距离是影响消极特质否定句使用偏向的重要因素。

图/表 4

图1实验1流程图

图1实验1流程图

表1不同权力条件下的词语选择的平均数与标准差(M ± SD)

反应	条件类型
反应	权力高对低	权力低对高	权力平级
肯定	20.62 ± 3.19	11.79 ± 2.76	15.91 ± 2.31
否定	6.37 ± 3.19	15.21 ± 2.76	11.09 ± 2.31

表1不同权力条件下的词语选择的平均数与标准差(M ± SD)

反应	条件类型
反应	权力高对低	权力低对高	权力平级
肯定	20.62 ± 3.19	11.79 ± 2.76	15.91 ± 2.31
否定	6.37 ± 3.19	15.21 ± 2.76	11.09 ± 2.31

表2不同权力条件下的反应时(ms)的平均数与标准差(M ± SD)

反应	条件类型
反应	权力高对低	权力低对高	权力平级
肯定	1333 ± 298	1428 ± 290	1428 ± 298
否定	1408 ± 350	1410 ± 314	1454 ± 322

表2不同权力条件下的反应时(ms)的平均数与标准差(M ± SD)

反应	条件类型
反应	权力高对低	权力低对高	权力平级
肯定	1333 ± 298	1428 ± 290	1428 ± 298
否定	1408 ± 350	1410 ± 314	1454 ± 322

表3不同权力条件下肯定表述与否定表述的合适性评价的平均数与标准差(M ± SD)

反应	条件类型
反应	权力高对低	权力低对高	权力平级
肯定	5.25 ± 0.88	3.98 ± 1.04	4.23 ± 0.76
否定	3.97 ± 1.22	4.85 ± 1.27	4.35 ± 1.08

表3不同权力条件下肯定表述与否定表述的合适性评价的平均数与标准差(M ± SD)

反应	条件类型
反应	权力高对低	权力低对高	权力平级
肯定	5.25 ± 0.88	3.98 ± 1.04	4.23 ± 0.76
否定	3.97 ± 1.22	4.85 ± 1.27	4.35 ± 1.08

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