) 中国人民大学心理学系、国家民委民族语言文化心理重点研究基地、教育部民族教育发展中心民族心理与教育重点研究基地, 北京 100872
收稿日期:2018-07-17出版日期:2019-03-25发布日期:2019-01-22通讯作者:张积家E-mail:Zhangjj1955@163.com基金资助:* 中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金资助)项目“语言影响人格：来自双语者与双言者的行为与生理证据”阶段性成果(17XNL002)The language and cultural differences of father-reference processing: Based on the retrieval-induced forgetting
YANG Qun, FENG Yiran, ZHANG Jijia() Key Research Center for National Psychology and Education, the National Education Development Center of the Ministry of Education, Beijing 100872, China
Received:2018-07-17Online:2019-03-25Published:2019-01-22Contact:ZHANG Jijia E-mail:Zhangjj1955@163.com摘要/Abstract
摘要： 采用提取诱发遗忘范式考察维吾尔族人和汉族人在自我参照、父亲参照和他人参照下的记忆特点, 发现维吾尔族被试在自我参照下和父亲参照下均未出现提取诱发遗忘, 在一般他人参照下出现提取诱发遗忘, 说明在维吾尔人中父亲参照加工与自我参照加工相较于一般他人参照加工存在优势; 汉族被试仅在自我参照下未出现提取诱发遗忘, 在父亲参照下和他人参照下均出现了提取诱发遗忘, 说明在汉族被试中仅有自我参照加工相较于一般他人参照加工具有优势, 父亲参照加工并未表现出同样的优势。这表明, 不同的语言和文化影响个体的自我建构, 父亲仅出现在维吾尔族人的自我建构中, 在姓名结构中父名与本名共现与否是影响两个民族自我建构差异的重要因素。
图/表 4
表1被试在不同加工条件下的平均回忆率
| 任务 | 民族 | N | 总回忆率 | Rp+ | Rp- | Nrp | (Rp+)- Nrp | (Rp-) -Nrp |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 自我 | 维吾尔族 | 30 | 0.29 (0.09) | 0.66 (0.25) | 0.17 (0.19) | 0.15 (0.12) | 0.51 (0.30)*** | 0.02 (0.21) |
| 汉族 | 30 | 0.36 (0.09) | 0.78 (0.14) | 0.20 (0.16) | 0.24 (0.12) | 0.54 (0.16)*** | -0.05 (0.19) | |
| 父亲 | 维吾尔族 | 30 | 0.30 (0.12) | 0.73 (0.23) | 0.17 (0.17) | 0.15 (0.12) | 0.58 (0.24)*** | 0.02 (0.15) |
| 汉族 | 30 | 0.38 (0.11) | 0.78 (0.16) | 0.18 (0.14) | 0.28 (0.117) | 0.50 (0.23)*** | -0.10 (0.18)* | |
| 他人 | 维吾尔族 | 30 | 0.33 (0.11) | 0.75 (0.19) | 0.15 (0.18) | 0.21 (0.15) | 0.54 (0.27)*** | -0.06 (0.15)* |
| 汉族 | 30 | 0.36 (0.09) | 0.69 (0.22) | 0.05 (0.04) | 0.27 (0.10) | 0.42 (0.26)*** | -0.22 (0.09)* |
表1被试在不同加工条件下的平均回忆率
| 任务 | 民族 | N | 总回忆率 | Rp+ | Rp- | Nrp | (Rp+)- Nrp | (Rp-) -Nrp |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 自我 | 维吾尔族 | 30 | 0.29 (0.09) | 0.66 (0.25) | 0.17 (0.19) | 0.15 (0.12) | 0.51 (0.30)*** | 0.02 (0.21) |
| 汉族 | 30 | 0.36 (0.09) | 0.78 (0.14) | 0.20 (0.16) | 0.24 (0.12) | 0.54 (0.16)*** | -0.05 (0.19) | |
| 父亲 | 维吾尔族 | 30 | 0.30 (0.12) | 0.73 (0.23) | 0.17 (0.17) | 0.15 (0.12) | 0.58 (0.24)*** | 0.02 (0.15) |
| 汉族 | 30 | 0.38 (0.11) | 0.78 (0.16) | 0.18 (0.14) | 0.28 (0.117) | 0.50 (0.23)*** | -0.10 (0.18)* | |
| 他人 | 维吾尔族 | 30 | 0.33 (0.11) | 0.75 (0.19) | 0.15 (0.18) | 0.21 (0.15) | 0.54 (0.27)*** | -0.06 (0.15)* |
| 汉族 | 30 | 0.36 (0.09) | 0.69 (0.22) | 0.05 (0.04) | 0.27 (0.10) | 0.42 (0.26)*** | -0.22 (0.09)* |
图1被试在不同条件下对Rp+材料、Rp-材料与Nrp材料的回忆率 注：* p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001
图1被试在不同条件下对Rp+材料、Rp-材料与Nrp材料的回忆率 注：* p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001
图2维吾尔族被试在三种加工条件下的提取诱发遗忘
图2维吾尔族被试在三种加工条件下的提取诱发遗忘
图3汉族被试在三种加工条件下的提取诱发遗忘
图3汉族被试在三种加工条件下的提取诱发遗忘参考文献 79
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