基于通道的内源性注意对声音诱发闪光错觉的影响

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张明¹(

), 唐晓雨², 于薇³, 宁波¹, 王智楠¹, 王爱君¹(

)

1苏州大学心理学系, 心理与行为科学研究中心, 苏州 215123)
2 辽宁师范大学心理学院, 儿童青少年健康人格评定与培养协同创新中心, 大连 116029
3 长春中医药大学招生与就业处, 长春 130117

收稿日期:2017-12-18出版日期:2018-11-25发布日期:2018-09-25
通讯作者:张明,王爱君E-mail:psyzm@suda.edu.cn;ajwang@suda.edu.cn

基金资助:* 国家自然科学基金(31371025);国家自然科学基金(31600882);国家自然科学基金(31700939);江苏省基础研究计划(BK20170333);教育部人文社科基金(17YJC190024);教育部人文社科基金(17YJC190024);江苏省高校哲社科基金(2017SJB1344);中国博士后基金资助(2017M611888)

The Effects of modal-based endogenous attention on sound-induced flash illusion

ZHANG Ming¹(

), TANG Xiaoyu², YU Wei³, NING Bo¹, WANG Zhinan¹, WANG Aijun¹(

)

1 Department of Psychology, Research Center for Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China)
2 School of Psychology, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center of Children and Adolescents Healthy Personality Assessment and Cultivation, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China
3 Admission and Employment Office, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China

Received:2017-12-18Online:2018-11-25Published:2018-09-25
Contact:ZHANG Ming,WANG Aijun E-mail:psyzm@suda.edu.cn;ajwang@suda.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 声音诱发闪光错觉是指当视觉闪光伴随不相等数量的听觉声音在100 ms内相继或同时呈现时, 个体会错觉性地知觉到视觉闪光的个数与听觉声音的数量相等。研究采用经典的声音诱发闪光错觉范式, 将注意以内源性的方式指向视觉通道或者听觉通道, 考察了基于通道的内源性注意对声音诱发闪光错觉的影响。结果发现, 当注意内源性地指向视觉通道时, 相对于基线条件, 裂变错觉的量显著减小; 当注意内源性地指向听觉通道时, 相对于基线条件, 裂变错觉的量存在增大的趋势。说明了基于通道的内源性注意可以影响声音诱发闪光错觉中的裂变错觉, 但不影响融合错觉。

图/表 6

图1实验1刺激示意图注：F1为一个视觉闪光刺激; F2为两个视觉闪光刺激; B1为一个听觉声音刺激; B2为两个听觉声音刺激; F1B1为一个视觉闪光刺激一个听觉声音刺激; F1B2为一个视觉闪光刺激两个听觉声音刺激; F2B1为两个视觉闪光刺激一个听觉声音刺激; F2B2为两个视觉闪光刺激两个听觉声音刺激。彩图见电子版。

实验	F1	F1B1	F1B2	F2	F2B1	F2B2
实验1	90 ± 8	94 ± 8	34 ± 24	89 ± 6	62 ± 21	92 ± 9
实验2	90 ± 6	92 ± 6	50 ± 22	87 ± 7	68 ± 23	96 ± 4
实验3	90 ± 7	94 ± 6	29 ± 26	88 ± 8	64 ± 25	97 ± 3

表1三个实验各条件下的正确率平均数和标准差(%)

实验	F1	F1B1	F1B2	F2	F2B1	F2B2
实验1	90 ± 8	94 ± 8	34 ± 24	89 ± 6	62 ± 21	92 ± 9
实验2	90 ± 6	92 ± 6	50 ± 22	87 ± 7	68 ± 23	96 ± 4
实验3	90 ± 7	94 ± 6	29 ± 26	88 ± 8	64 ± 25	97 ± 3

图2F1B2和F2B1的正确率在三种实验间的差异比较注：F1B2为一个视觉闪光刺激两个听觉声音刺激; F2B1为两个视觉闪光刺激一个听觉声音刺激。

图2F1B2和F2B1的正确率在三种实验间的差异比较注：F1B2为一个视觉闪光刺激两个听觉声音刺激; F2B1为两个视觉闪光刺激一个听觉声音刺激。

表2各实验中裂变错觉的比值比率

刺激类型	实验1			实验2			实验3
刺激类型	裂变错觉	无裂变	总数	裂变错觉	无裂变	总数	裂变错觉	无裂变	总数
视听刺激	972	500	1472	800	800	1600	1091	445	1536
视觉刺激	147	1325	1472	480	4320	4800	154	1382	1536
比值比率	17.5			9			21.95

表2各实验中裂变错觉的比值比率

刺激类型	实验1			实验2			实验3
刺激类型	裂变错觉	无裂变	总数	裂变错觉	无裂变	总数	裂变错觉	无裂变	总数
视听刺激	972	500	1472	800	800	1600	1091	445	1536
视觉刺激	147	1325	1472	480	4320	4800	154	1382	1536
比值比率	17.5			9			21.95

表3各实验中融合错觉的比值比率

刺激类型	实验1			实验2			实验3
刺激类型	融合错觉	无裂变	总数	融合错觉	无裂变	总数	融合错觉	无裂变	总数
视听刺激	559	913	1472	512	1088	1600	553	983	1536
视觉刺激	162	1310	1472	624	4176	4800	184	1352	1536
比值比率	4.95			3.15			4.13

表3各实验中融合错觉的比值比率

刺激类型	实验1			实验2			实验3
刺激类型	融合错觉	无裂变	总数	融合错觉	无裂变	总数	融合错觉	无裂变	总数
视听刺激	559	913	1472	512	1088	1600	553	983	1536
视觉刺激	162	1310	1472	624	4176	4800	184	1352	1536
比值比率	4.95			3.15			4.13

表4各实验F1B2和F2B1条件下的反应时平均数和标准差(ms)

实验	F1B2_R	F1B2_W	F2B1_R	F2B1_W
实验1	889 ± 90	839 ± 70	757 ± 83	762 ± 92
实验2	798 ± 95	710 ± 108	640 ± 104	639 ± 88
实验3	732 ± 89	707 ± 76	581 ± 86	613 ± 99

表4各实验F1B2和F2B1条件下的反应时平均数和标准差(ms)

实验	F1B2_R	F1B2_W	F2B1_R	F2B1_W
实验1	889 ± 90	839 ± 70	757 ± 83	762 ± 92
实验2	798 ± 95	710 ± 108	640 ± 104	639 ± 88
实验3	732 ± 89	707 ± 76	581 ± 86	613 ± 99

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