黄羽商, 曹立人()

浙江大学心理与行为科学系, 杭州 310028

收稿日期:2017-05-15出版日期:2018-11-25发布日期:2018-09-25
通讯作者:曹立人E-mail:caoliren2000@163.com

Effect of spatial position based configuration on visual working memory performance

HUANG Yushang, CAO Liren()

Department of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China

Received:2017-05-15Online:2018-11-25Published:2018-09-25
Contact:CAO Liren E-mail:caoliren2000@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过考察构成视觉客体构型的两种因素在视觉工作记忆任务中的影响, 探讨了构型对视觉工作记忆绩效的作用机制。采用变化觉察实验范式, 在构型朝向不变和旋转两种条件下, 系统地控制构型中的客体相对方位和整体几何形态两种因素的变化, 考察其对视觉工作记忆绩效的影响。实验结果显示, 无论构型朝向不变还是旋转, 只要客体相对方位保持一致, 工作记忆绩效就可以维持较高水平, 而几何形态没有表现出显著作用。上述发现提示构型客体相对方位是构型影响视觉工作记忆绩效的主要因素。

图/表 10

图1构型的客体空间相对方位与整体几何形态 注：a.原始构型; b.变化的构型, 上方为构型客体空间相对方位不变的情况, 下方为构型整体几何形态不变的情况; 图中字母为颜色标识, 实验中未实际呈现, 下同。彩图见电子版。
图1构型的客体空间相对方位与整体几何形态 注：a.原始构型; b.变化的构型, 上方为构型客体空间相对方位不变的情况, 下方为构型整体几何形态不变的情况; 图中字母为颜色标识, 实验中未实际呈现, 下同。彩图见电子版。



图2客体构型例图 注：a.横竖两条虚线分开的4部分为客体所处的4个象限, 第1象限的斜45°虚线代表基本角度, 箭头表示第1象限客体的定位角度及其同原点间的距离; b.实验所使用的构型范例
图2客体构型例图 注：a.横竖两条虚线分开的4部分为客体所处的4个象限, 第1象限的斜45°虚线代表基本角度, 箭头表示第1象限客体的定位角度及其同原点间的距离; b.实验所使用的构型范例



图3实验1流程
图3实验1流程



图4实验1条件设置示意图
图4实验1条件设置示意图



图5不同形态和方位条件下的辨别力(d°)和反应时 注：* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001
图5不同形态和方位条件下的辨别力(d°)和反应时 注：* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001



图6实验2条件设置
图6实验2条件设置



图7实验二3种条件下的辨别力(d°)和反应时 注：* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001
图7实验二3种条件下的辨别力(d°)和反应时 注：* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001



图8实验3旋转线索示例
图8实验3旋转线索示例



图9实验3条件设置
图9实验3条件设置



图10实验3各实验条件下的辨别力(d°)和反应时 注：* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001
图10实验3各实验条件下的辨别力(d°)和反应时 注：* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001

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