) 1 华南师范大学心理学院, 广州 510631
2 教育部人文社科重点研究基地 心理应用研究中心, 广州 510631
3 广东省心理健康与认知科学重点实验室, 广州 510631
4 广州市融资担保中心有限责任公司, 广州 510030
收稿日期:2017-08-09出版日期:2018-11-25发布日期:2018-09-25通讯作者:何先友E-mail:xianyouhe@163.com基金资助:* 2016年国家自然科学基金项目(项目号: 31671132);2015年教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(项目号: 15JJD190005);广东省高等学校珠江****岗位计划资助项目(2017)资助Processing of visual negation
HE Dexian1, LI Jinhui1, ZHOU Miao4, CHEN Yajue1, CHEN Yu1, HE Xianyou1,2,3() 1 School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
2 Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
3 Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
4 Guangzhou Financial Guarantee Center Co., Ltd, Guangzhou 510030, China
Received:2017-08-09Online:2018-11-25Published:2018-09-25Contact:HE Xianyou E-mail:xianyouhe@163.com摘要/Abstract
摘要： 本研究采用图-词匹配的判断任务探讨视觉符号否定的加工机制, 设计3个实验, 分别探讨视觉符号否定在加工早期(250 ms)、中期(750 ms)及晚期(1500 ms)的心理模拟特点。结果发现, 在视觉符号否定加工的早期、中期及晚期, 与真实状态匹配的否定相关词的反应时都显著快于与被否定状态匹配的肯定相关词。该结果表明, 与文字符号否定加工的两步模拟假设不同, 在视觉符号否定的加工中, 被试在早期就模拟了事件的真实状态, 并在中期和晚期一直保持该状态的表征, 符合一步模拟假设; 此外, 被否定信息加工的抑制/保存假设得到支持。
图/表 5
图1否定与肯定交通标志图
图1否定与肯定交通标志图
图2实验1程序示意图
图2实验1程序示意图表2被试图-词匹配判断的反应时(ms)与正确率的平均数和标准差(M ± SD)
| 图片类型 | 肯定动词 | 否定动词 |
|---|---|---|
| 肯定图片 | ||
| 反应时 | 750 ± 105 | 946 ± 134 |
| 正确率 | 0.97 ± 0.05 | 0.88 ± 0.09 |
| 否定图片 | ||
| 反应时 | 980 ± 114 | 905 ± 134 |
| 正确率 | 0.87 ± 0.10 | 0.85 ± 0.11 |
表2被试图-词匹配判断的反应时(ms)与正确率的平均数和标准差(M ± SD)
| 图片类型 | 肯定动词 | 否定动词 |
|---|---|---|
| 肯定图片 | ||
| 反应时 | 750 ± 105 | 946 ± 134 |
| 正确率 | 0.97 ± 0.05 | 0.88 ± 0.09 |
| 否定图片 | ||
| 反应时 | 980 ± 114 | 905 ± 134 |
| 正确率 | 0.87 ± 0.10 | 0.85 ± 0.11 |
表3被试图-词匹配判断的反应时(ms)与正确率的平均数和标准差(M ± SD)
| 图片类型 | 肯定动词 | 否定动词 |
|---|---|---|
| 肯定图片 | ||
| 反应时 | 871 ± 159 | 1047 ± 146 |
| 正确率 | 0.94 ± 0.06 | 0.88 ± 0.08 |
| 否定图片 | ||
| 反应时 | 1063 ± 133 | 986 ± 140 |
| 正确率 | 0.90 ± 0.07 | 0.89 ± 0.09 |
表3被试图-词匹配判断的反应时(ms)与正确率的平均数和标准差(M ± SD)
| 图片类型 | 肯定动词 | 否定动词 |
|---|---|---|
| 肯定图片 | ||
| 反应时 | 871 ± 159 | 1047 ± 146 |
| 正确率 | 0.94 ± 0.06 | 0.88 ± 0.08 |
| 否定图片 | ||
| 反应时 | 1063 ± 133 | 986 ± 140 |
| 正确率 | 0.90 ± 0.07 | 0.89 ± 0.09 |
表4被试图-词匹配判断的反应时(ms)与正确率的平均数和标准差(M ± SD)
| 图片类型 | 肯定动词 | 否定动词 |
|---|---|---|
| 肯定图片 | ||
| 反应时 | 777 ± 109 | 976 ± 161 |
| 正确率 | 0.94 ± 0.06 | 0.88 ± 0.08 |
| 否定图片 | ||
| 反应时 | 991 ± 128 | 936 ± 139 |
| 正确率 | 0.89 ± 0.08 | 0.92 ± 0.09 |
表4被试图-词匹配判断的反应时(ms)与正确率的平均数和标准差(M ± SD)
| 图片类型 | 肯定动词 | 否定动词 |
|---|---|---|
| 肯定图片 | ||
| 反应时 | 777 ± 109 | 976 ± 161 |
| 正确率 | 0.94 ± 0.06 | 0.88 ± 0.08 |
| 否定图片 | ||
| 反应时 | 991 ± 128 | 936 ± 139 |
| 正确率 | 0.89 ± 0.08 | 0.92 ± 0.09 |
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