奏鸣曲式中调性结构对紧张感的影响——以莫扎特与贝多芬钢琴奏鸣曲为例

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车新春¹^,²^,³, 孙丽君¹, 马小龙¹^,², 杨玉芳¹(

)

¹中国科学院心理研究所行为科学重点实验室, 北京 100101
²中国科学院大学心理学系,北京 100049
³南昌航空大学音乐学院, 南昌 330063

收稿日期:2020-06-10出版日期:2021-02-15发布日期:2020-12-29
通讯作者:杨玉芳E-mail:yangyf@psych.ac.cn

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(31470985);国家自然科学基金项目(31971034);中国博士后科学基金项目(Y9BH032001);江西省教育科学“十三五”规划项目(17YB120)

The influence of tonal structure on tension experience in sonata pieces by Mozart and Beethoven

CHE Xinchun¹^,²^,³, SUN Lijun¹, MA Xiaolong¹^,², YANG Yufang¹(

)

¹CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
²Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
³School of Music, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China

Received:2020-06-10Online:2021-02-15Published:2020-12-29
Contact:YANG Yufang E-mail:yangyf@psych.ac.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 音乐紧张感是音乐聆听的基础与重要环节。本研究选取莫扎特与贝多芬的音乐作品, 运用紧张感模型计算与行为实验两种方法, 探讨奏鸣曲式中的调性结构对紧张感的影响。研究发现, 奏鸣曲中呈示部、展开部与再现部三部分的紧张感变化具有差异, 展开部的紧张感高于呈示部与再现部, 再现部的紧张感高于呈示部, 这源于转调距离与转调频率的差异。本研究探讨了在大尺度的真实音乐作品中调性结构对紧张感的影响, 为音乐学领域的研究提供佐证和新的视角。

图/表 2

图1莫扎特(A)与贝多芬(B)奏鸣曲的延长还原结构。a是延长还原结构中, 该音乐事件对上一层级音乐事件紧张感的继承值; b是音高空间模型中, 该音乐事件与上一层级音乐事件的距离值; c是表层紧张感模型中, 该音乐事件的协和程度; d是倾向模型中, 该音乐事件对紧邻的下一个音乐事件的倾向值。

图2莫扎特(A)与贝多芬(B)奏鸣曲的模型计算与行为评价结果。横坐标表示以秒为单位的音乐时间进程, 纵坐标表示经过Z分数转换之后的紧张感评分。

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