), 曹照雪 武汉大学哲学学院心理学系, 武汉 430072
收稿日期:2018-12-06出版日期:2019-10-31发布日期:2019-09-23通讯作者:严瑜E-mail:yanyu@whu.edu.cn基金资助:* 国家社科基金项目“基于情绪角色模型的组织中不文明行为的螺旋效应研究”(18BGL119);教育部人文社科一般规划项目“组织不文明行为溢出效应和交叉效应的心理机制：跨层次整合研究”(17YJA190013)Workplace civility: From implicit self-promotion to explicit organizational optimization
YAN Yu(), CAO Zhaoxue Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
Received:2018-12-06Online:2019-10-31Published:2019-09-23Contact:YAN Yu E-mail:yanyu@whu.edu.cn摘要/Abstract
摘要： 工作场所文明行为是一种在组织文化下, 基于社会和组织角色义务的, 传达礼貌和尊重的主动性行为, 是一种向内要求自我控制, 向外主张尊重传达的行为, 它对于个体自身性格的塑造、组织中人际关系的改善以及文明氛围的培养都具有积极意义。在员工-员工、领导-下属、员工-顾客等关系中, 工作场所文明行为发挥着增进同事情谊、促进合作、增强领导力、建立信任、提升绩效等作用。未来的研究应该进一步厘清工作场所文明行为与不文明行为的关系, 运用动态视角研究它们发生、发展和被感知的机制, 以及这两种行为能否相互转化等问题。
图/表 3
表1工作场所文明行为定义总结
| 工作场所文明行为定义 | 性质 | 研究者及时间 |
|---|---|---|
| 尊重他人的尊严, 尊重他人的感情, 维护相互尊重的组织规范的行为。 | 中性 | Carter, 1998 |
| 一个在职场尊重行为规范内的对他人礼貌和关心的行为。 | 中性 | Andersson & Pearson, 1999 |
| 有助于保持工作中相互尊重的规范的行为; | ||
| 它包含的行为是与他人积极联系, 建立关系和共情的基础。 | 中性 | Pearson, Andersson, & Porath, 2000 |
| 文明假设一种超越自我的意识, 并且需要传达对他人福祉的尊重和关注。 | 积极 | Sypher, 2004 |
| 文明行为是作为一个群体公民, 以积极的方式行动, | ||
| 使个人投入有利于自身和集体的能力。 | 积极 | Marini, 2011 |
| 尊重他人, 基本礼貌, 以及营造积极学习和工作环境的行为。 | 积极 | Gilroy, 2008 |
| 文明要求人们以尊重、负责、内敛和有原则的方式说话, | ||
| 避免那些冒犯、粗鲁、贬低和威胁的方式。 | 中性 | Gill & Sypher, 2009 |
| 工作组内有礼貌和体贴的工作场所行为。 | 中性 | Osatuke et al., 2009 |
| 工作场所的文明指在人际关系中考虑他人。 | 积极 | Ferriss, 2010 |
| 工作场所文明行为是一种帮助维护工作场所相互尊重的规范的行为, | ||
| 包含了超越好的态度和礼节的其他因素。 | 积极 | Walsh et al., 2012 |
| 职业文明行为是一种交流的美德和实践智慧, 是职业精神的一部分。 | 积极 | Fritz, 2013 |
| 工作场所文明行为包含尊重、尊严、礼貌和愉快。 | 积极 | Porath, Gerbasi, & Schorch, 2015 |
| 文明包含大多数人在工作中渴望的那些尊重、礼貌的行为。 | 中性 | Cortina et al., 2017 |
表1工作场所文明行为定义总结
| 工作场所文明行为定义 | 性质 | 研究者及时间 |
|---|---|---|
| 尊重他人的尊严, 尊重他人的感情, 维护相互尊重的组织规范的行为。 | 中性 | Carter, 1998 |
| 一个在职场尊重行为规范内的对他人礼貌和关心的行为。 | 中性 | Andersson & Pearson, 1999 |
| 有助于保持工作中相互尊重的规范的行为; | ||
| 它包含的行为是与他人积极联系, 建立关系和共情的基础。 | 中性 | Pearson, Andersson, & Porath, 2000 |
| 文明假设一种超越自我的意识, 并且需要传达对他人福祉的尊重和关注。 | 积极 | Sypher, 2004 |
| 文明行为是作为一个群体公民, 以积极的方式行动, | ||
| 使个人投入有利于自身和集体的能力。 | 积极 | Marini, 2011 |
| 尊重他人, 基本礼貌, 以及营造积极学习和工作环境的行为。 | 积极 | Gilroy, 2008 |
| 文明要求人们以尊重、负责、内敛和有原则的方式说话, | ||
| 避免那些冒犯、粗鲁、贬低和威胁的方式。 | 中性 | Gill & Sypher, 2009 |
| 工作组内有礼貌和体贴的工作场所行为。 | 中性 | Osatuke et al., 2009 |
| 工作场所的文明指在人际关系中考虑他人。 | 积极 | Ferriss, 2010 |
| 工作场所文明行为是一种帮助维护工作场所相互尊重的规范的行为, | ||
| 包含了超越好的态度和礼节的其他因素。 | 积极 | Walsh et al., 2012 |
| 职业文明行为是一种交流的美德和实践智慧, 是职业精神的一部分。 | 积极 | Fritz, 2013 |
| 工作场所文明行为包含尊重、尊严、礼貌和愉快。 | 积极 | Porath, Gerbasi, & Schorch, 2015 |
| 文明包含大多数人在工作中渴望的那些尊重、礼貌的行为。 | 中性 | Cortina et al., 2017 |
图1工作场所文明行为的作用机制
图1工作场所文明行为的作用机制
图2工作场所文明行为优化组织关系
图2工作场所文明行为优化组织关系参考文献 58
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