Fund Project:Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61871352, 11672068, 61601419).
Received Date:27 December 2018
Accepted Date:02 March 2019
Available Online:01 May 2019
Published Online:20 May 2019
Abstract:There occur frequently the ionospheric scintillation events at low and middle latitudes, which seriously affect the radio transmission process of satellite link, resulting in the decline of satellite communication and navigation signal quality and even interrupt. During the gestation period before the ionospheric scintillation, the growth rate of plasma instability can be reduced and thus suppress the scintillation events by releasing the electron density-enhancing chemicals in the ionosphere plasma bubble, filling with plasma bubble, changing the plasma environmental characteristics, and regulating the ionospheric dynamics process. The theory and method of suppressing the ionospheric scintillation based on chemical release are tnvestigated. According to the change of the plasma environment caused by the chemical release, and the quantitatively calculating of the contribution of control factors to the growth rate of instability, an ionospheric scintillation suppression model is built, which is based on chemical release into ionosphere. The process of plasma bubble filling out is simulated and the results of the simulation show that the plasma cloud is completely filled with plasma bubbles after 1200 seconds, which reduces the plasma density gradient and suppresses the growth of plasma instability. The growth of plasma instability decreases from 0.2 before releasing to about 0.0004 after releasing, and no new instability is excited within 20 minutes after the plasma bubble has been filled up. Guangdong, South China Sea and other regions in China are at the peak of equatorial anomalies, and the occurrence rate and severity of scintillation are more significant than those in the equatorial and Polar Regions, thus these regions become the regions where there occur most frequently the scintillation and the most serious influence globally. The research work of this paper will lay a solid theoretical foundation for the technology of suppressing the satellite signal ionospheric scintillation in middle and low latitude area of China. Keywords:ionospheric scintillation/ chemical release/ scintillation suppression
图4描述了在电离层250 km高度, 释放5.6 kg Sm蒸气后, 释放点电子密度剖面随高度的演化过程. 图 4 在250 km高度释放5.6 kg Sm蒸气, 电子密度随时间的演化 Figure4. Electron density evolution after releasing 5.6 kg Sm at 250 km altitude.
从图4可以看出, 释放之前, 在250 km高度存在一个尺度约20 km的电离层耗空区, 最大耗空深度为100%, Sm蒸气释放之后快速形成了等离子体云, 释放后10 s等离子体云最大电子密度达2.7 × 106/cm–3, 释放后100 s等离子体云的密度约1.7 × 106/cm–3, 释放后1200 s等离子体云密度与背景电子密度相当, 电离层耗空区在垂直方向上基本填充完全. 图5模拟了在位于250 km高度的等离子体泡中释放5.6 kg Sm蒸气, 产生的等离子体云对等离子体泡的二维填充过程. 图 5 在250 km高度释放5.6 kg Sm蒸气的电离层闪烁抑制效果 Figure5. The scintillation suppression effect of releasing 5.6 kg Sm at 250 km altitude
从图5可以看出, 释放前250 km高度存在一垂向尺度约20 km, 水平尺度约50 km的电离层耗空区, Sm蒸气释放后形成的等离子体云, 快速填充耗空区, 释放后10 s等离子体云尺度约10 km, 电子密度远高于背景等离子体; 释放后50 s等离子体云尺度快速扩大至30 km, 同时等离子体密度逐渐降低; 释放后100 s等离子基本上完成对耗空区的填充, 等离子体云密度高于背景等离子体; 释放后1200 s等离子云完全填充耗空区, 等离子体云密度与背景等离子体密度相当, 等离子体泡消失. 闪烁抑制效果的持续时间在1200 s以上, 闪烁抑制效果的空间尺度与等离子体泡的尺度、密度梯度以及释放量等参数有关, 等离子体泡尺度越大、耗空越深, 需要的释放量越大, 闪烁抑制效果范围越大, 同时闪烁抑制的代价越高. 图6模拟了在位于250 km高度的等离子体泡中释放5.6 kg Sm蒸气后, 电离层不稳定性增长率随时间的演化过程. 电离层等离子体不稳定性理论以及不稳定性增长率的计算方法如下: 图 6 在250 km高度释放5.6 kg Sm蒸气, 不稳定性增长率随时间的变化 Figure6. The evolution of instability growth rate after releasing 5.6 kg Sm at 250 km altitude.