Biogenesis, research methods, and functions of circular RNAs
Xuqing Liu1, Yubang Gao1,2, Liangzhen Zhao1, Yuchen Cai1, Huiyuan Wang1, Miao Miao1, Lianfeng Gu,1, Hangxiao Zhang,11. Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China 2. College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.31800566 Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation.2018J01608 The National Key R&D Program of China.2016YFD0600106 The National Key R&D Program of China.2018YFD0600101 The International Science and Technology Cooperation and Exchange Fund.KXGH17016 Fujian Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team Project.118/KLA18069A)
作者简介 About authors 刘旭庆,硕士研究生,专业方向:林木遗传育种E-mail:1752501050@qq.com。
Abstract The field of circular non-coding RNAs have been gradually attracted wide attention with the developments of high-throughput sequencing. In this review, we systematically summarize three driving models for circRNAs biogenesis: intron-pairing-driven, RNA binding protein-driven and lariat-driven. In addition, we also briefly introduce the current research methods of circRNAs, which include high-throughput library construction methods, identification through bioinformatics and common experimental verification. Here, we also systematically summarize the functions of circRNAs, including microRNA (miRNA) or protein sponges, regulating the alternative splicing (AS) and expression of host genes, and extensive translation. Finally, we provide a systematic characterization and the latest research progress of circRNAs, which provide a new perspective for further studies of circRNAs in plants. Keywords:circular RNAs;back-splicing;alternative splicing;sponge
A:内含子自身互补配对。RCMs/ICSs/Alu等互补配对元件促进侧翼内含子配对进而环化。B:RNA结合蛋白驱动。大多数RNA结合蛋白通过结合到可环化外显子的侧翼内含子上来促进环化。C:套索驱动。mRNA前体剪接时会发生外显子跳读事件,产生包含内含子-外显子的套索中间体,随后该中间体发生反向剪接形成环状RNA。 Fig. 2The main models of circRNA biogenesis
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