李成芳1, 2,
盛锋3,
冯珺珩1,
胡权义1,
陈淯琨1,
周浩之1,
刘天奇1, 2,,
1.农业部长江中游作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室/华中农业大学植物科学技术学院 武汉 430070
2.长江大学/长江大学主要粮食作物产业化湖北省协同创新中心 荆州 434023
3.省部共建生物催化与酶工程国家重点实验室/湖北大学生命科学学院/湖北大学中国农业碳减排碳交易研究中心 武汉 430062
基金项目:国家重点研究计划项目(2017YFD0301403)、国家自然科学基金项目(71871086)、湖北省自然科学基金(2018CFB608)和中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2662019FW009)资助
详细信息
作者简介:吴梦琴，主要从事稻田生态研究。E-mail: 1914316264@qq.com
通讯作者:刘天奇，主要研究方向为农业碳中和和土壤碳氮循环。E-mail: 570112975@qq.com
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出版历程
收稿日期:2021-02-23
录用日期:2021-04-28
网络出版日期:2021-07-13
刊出日期:2021-09-06
Assessment of the annual greenhouse gases emissions under different rice-based cropping systems in Hubei Province based on the denitrification-decomposition (DNDC) model
WU Mengqin1,,LI Chengfang1, 2,
SHENG Feng3,
FENG Junheng1,
HU Quanyi1,
CHEN Yukun1,
ZHOU Haozhi1,
LIU Tianqi1, 2,,
1. Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Farming in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture/College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
2. Yangtze University/Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Industrialization of Major Food Crops, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
3. State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Jointly Established by the Province and the Ministry/College of Life Sciences, Hubei University/ China Agricultural Carbon Emission Reduction and Carbon Trading Research Center, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
Funds:This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Project of China (2017YFD0301403), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (71871086), the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (2018CFB608) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2662019FW009)
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Corresponding author:E-mail: 570112975@qq.com
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摘要
摘要:为了探究不同管理措施对湖北省主要稻作系统CH4和N2O周年排放的影响, 利用田间观测数据验证DNDC模型后, 结合地理信息系统(ArcGIS)模拟和测算湖北省不同稻作系统温室气体的周年排放。本研究于2019年在鄂西北的枣阳市设置水稻-小麦(RW)、水稻-再生稻(RO)稻作系统, 在鄂东南的武穴市设置RO、水稻-油菜(RR)稻作系统, 在江汉平原的潜江市设置RW、RO、RR稻作系统, 每个稻作系统均设置常规栽培和优化栽培(包括氮肥深施、节水灌溉、秸秆还田等)两个模式, 通过静态箱法测定温室气体CH4和N2O的周年排放特征。大田验证试验结果显示, 不同稻作系统不同栽培模式下CH4和N2O排放实测值与模拟值归一化均方根误差(NRMSE)值为19.3%~24.2%, 模型拟合度在可接受范围之内。DNDC模型模拟和估算结果表明, 湖北省稻作区增温潜势(GWP)表现为江汉平原>鄂东南>鄂西北, 不同区域稻作系统CH4的排放总量、N2O的排放总量和GWP均表现为RW>RO>RR。优化栽培管理模式可以明显减少CH4和N2O排放, 与常规栽培管理模式相比, 优化栽培管理模式下RW、RO和RR的单位面积CH4排放量分别降低9.5%~18.0%、7.3%~18.4%和18.2%~22.4%, N2O排放量分别降低4.2%~14.2%、6.9%~24.7%和8.8%~18.1%。优化栽培管理后, 各地区的GWP表现为, 鄂西北: 襄阳>十堰>神农架; 鄂东南: 黄冈>咸宁>武汉>黄石>鄂州; 江汉平原: 荆州>荆门>孝感>随州>天门>仙桃>潜江。优化栽培管理模式下鄂西北、鄂东南和江汉平原稻田CH4周年排放总量较常规栽培管理模式分别降低11.8%、14.4%和16.3%, 稻田N2O周年排放总量分别降低82.4%、77.5%和83.0%。本研究结果表明, DNDC模型可以较好地模拟湖北省不同稻作系统下温室气体的排放, 同时优化稻作管理模式对稻田生产具有好的减排效果, 为在湖北省推广该模式提供理论依据。
关键词:稻作系统/
优化管理/
DNDC模型/
甲烷/
氧化亚氮
Abstract:This study explored the impacts of different management measures on the annual emissions of methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) from the main rice-based cropping systems in Hubei Province using the denitrification-decomposition (DNDC) model and observed emission data to estimate the annual greenhouse gas emissions via a geographic information system (ArcGIS). In 2019, rice–wheat (RW) and rice–ratoon rice (RO) cropping systems were implemented in Zaoyang City of Northwest Hubei, RO and rice–oilseed rape (RR) cropping systems were implemented in Wuxue City of Southeast Hubei, and RW, RO, and RR cropping systems were implemented in Qianjiang City of the Jianghan Plain. There were two cultivation modes for each rice-based system: conventional cultivation and optimized cultivation. The optimized mode included deep application of nitrogen fertilizer, water-saving irrigation, and straw returning to the field. The annual fluxes of CH4 and N2O were measured using the static closed chamber method. The field validation results showed that the normalized root mean square error between the observed and simulated values of CH4 and N2O emissions ranged from 19.3% to 24.2% under different rice-based cropping systems with different management practices, and the degree of model fitting was acceptable. According to the simulation results of the DNDC model, the global warming potential (GWP) for the rice growing regions in Hubei Province followed the order of Jianghan Plain > Southeast Hubei > Northwest Hubei, and the annual cumulative emissions of CH4, N2O, and GWP under different rice-based cropping systems in different regions was in the order of RW > RO > RR. The cultivation modes significantly affected the CH4 and N2O emissions. Compared with conventional cultivation, optimized cultivation lowered the CH4 emissions per unit area by 9.5%–18.0%, 7.3%–18.4%, and 18.2%–22.4% under RW, RO, and RR, respectively. The N2O emissions lowered by 4.2%–14.2%, 6.9%–24.7%, and 8.8%–18.1%, respectively. Moreover, compared with conventional cultivation, optimized cultivation decreased the annual cumulative CH4 emissions by 11.8%, 14.4%, and 16.3% in Northwest Hubei, Southeast Hubei, and the Jianghan Plain, respectively, and decreased the annual cumulative N2O emissions by 82.4%, 77.5%, and 83.0%, respectively. Under optimized cultivation, the GWP for Northwest Hubei was in the order of Xiangyang > Shiyan > Shennongjia, that for Southeast Hubei was in the order Huanggang > Xianning > Wuhan > Huangshi > Ezhou, and that for the Jianghan Plain was in the order Jingzhou > Jingmen > Xiaogan > Suizhou > Tianmen > Xiantao > Qianjiang. Our results show that the DNDC model can suitably simulate the greenhouse gas emissions of different rice-based cropping systems in Hubei Province. An optimized cultivation mode is needed to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions during rice production in Hubei Province.
Key words:Rice-based cropping system/
Optimized cultivation/
Denitrification-decomposition (DNDC) model/
CH4/
N2O
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图1湖北省不同稻作区常规模式与优化模式下稻田CH4 (a)和N2O (b)周年排放总量
RW: 水稻-小麦系统; RR: 水稻-油菜系统; RO: 再生稻系统。RW: rice-wheat cropping system; RR: rice-oilseed rape cropping system; RO: rice-ratoon rice cropping system.
Figure1.Total cumulative CH4 (a) and N2O (b) emissions from different rice-based cropping systems under different cultivation modes in Hubei Province in 2019
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片表1湖北省不同稻作区试验点土壤肥力状况
Table1.Soil fertility status of the experimental sites in different rice planting regions in Hubei Province
| 稻作区 Rice planting region | 硝态氮 Nitrate nitrogen (mg?kg?1) | 铵态氮 Ammonium nitrogen (mg?kg?1) | 有机质 Organic matter (g?kg?1) | 速效磷 Available phosphorus (mg?kg?1) | 速效钾 Available potassium (mg?kg?1) | 全氮 Total nitrogen (g?kg?1) | 全磷 Total phosphorus (g?kg?1) | 全钾 Total potassium (g?kg?1) | pH | 容重 Bulk density (g?cm?3) |
| 枣阳 Zaoyang | 5.35 | 8.01 | 16.90 | 11.25 | 92.36 | 2.05 | 0.87 | 3.00 | 6.75 | 1.29 |
| 武穴 Wuxuan | 6.67 | 9.96 | 19.55 | 10.07 | 90.15 | 1.68 | 0.49 | 3.35 | 6.75 | 1.29 |
| 潜江 Qianjiang | 4.20 | 9.10 | 18.87 | 11.56 | 98.63 | 1.80 | 0.85 | 3.23 | 7.85 | 1.05 |
下载: 导出CSV表2湖北省不同稻作区不同稻作管理模式CH4和N2O排放通量的DNDC模型拟合度(NRMSE)检测
Table2.Fit check of CH4 and N2O fluxes under different rice cultivation modes based on DNDC model fit test (NRMSE) in different rice planting regions of Hubei Province
| 地区 Region | CH4 | N2O | |||||||||||||
| 常规模式 Conventional cultivation mode | 优化模式 Optimized cultivation mode | 常规模式 Conventional cultivation mode | 优化模式 Optimized cultivation mode | ||||||||||||
| RW | RO | RR | RW | RO | RR | RW | RO | RR | RW | RO | RR | ||||
| 鄂西北 Northwest Hubei | 19.7 | 20.5 | — | 20.2 | 21.3 | — | 20.4 | 21.3 | — | 19.7 | 23.0 | — | |||
| 鄂东南 Southeast Hubei | — | 20.5 | 24.4 | — | 22.4 | 20.6 | — | 19.4 | 24.2 | — | 20.4 | 22.2 | |||
| 江汉平原 Jianghan Plain | 20.2 | 21.4 | 24.1 | 19.7 | 20.6 | 23.2 | 19.7 | 21.4 | 23.7 | 20.2 | 19.1 | 23.1 | |||
| RW: 水稻-小麦系统; RR: 水稻-油菜系统; RO: 再生稻系统; “—”表示稻作模式在相应的区域中面积很小，忽略不计。RW: rice-wheat cropping system; RR: rice-oilseed rape cropping system; RO: rice-ratoon rice cropping system. “—” means that the rice cropping pattern has a small area in this area, and the greenhouse gases are ignored. | |||||||||||||||
下载: 导出CSV表32019年湖北省不同稻作区不同管理模式下不同稻作系统周年CH4和N2O排放总量
Table3.Annual CH4 and N2O emissions of different rice-based cropping systems under different cultivation modes in different rice planting regions in Hubei Province in 2019
| 地区 Region | CH4 排放量 CH4 emission [kg(CH4-C)?hm?2] | N2O排放量 N2O emission [kg(N2O-N)?hm?2] | ||||||||||||||
| 常规模式 Conventional cultivation mode | 优化模式 Optimized cultivation mode | 常规模式 Conventional cultivation mode | 优化模式 Optimized cultivation mode | |||||||||||||
| RW | RO | RR | RW | RO | RR | RW | RO | RR | RW | RO | RR | |||||
| 鄂西北 Northwest Hubei | 十堰 Shiyan | 321.9 | 293.1 | — | 276.6 | 271.6 | — | 8.25 | 1.66 | — | 7.53 | 1.49 | — | |||
| 襄阳 Xiangyang | 359.2 | 331.3 | — | 317.6 | 280.8 | — | 8.86 | 1.89 | — | 8.26 | 1.64 | — | ||||
| 神农架 Shennongjia | 334.2 | 321.5 | — | 302.5 | 276.8 | — | 8.06 | 1.53 | — | 7.72 | 1.40 | — | ||||
| 鄂东南 Southeast Hubei | 武汉 Wuhan | — | 306.3 | 251.3 | — | 263.3 | 200.9 | — | 2.15 | 2.25 | — | 2.00 | 2.02 | |||
| 黄冈 Huanggang | — | 362.2 | 273.1 | — | 324.4 | 205.3 | — | 2.36 | 2.21 | — | 2.08 | 2.03 | ||||
| 鄂州 Ezhou | — | 355.2 | 279.3 | — | 312.6 | 222.9 | — | 2.25 | 2.06 | — | 1.91 | 1.88 | ||||
| 黄石 Huangshi | — | 364.3 | 260.6 | — | 314.5 | 193.8 | — | 2.47 | 2.28 | — | 2.01 | 1.96 | ||||
| 咸宁 Xianning | — | 367.5 | 264.9 | — | 319.3 | 208.1 | — | 2.31 | 2.15 | — | 2.15 | 1.96 | ||||
| 江汉平原 Jianghan Plain | 荆门 Jingmen | 364.3 | 354.2 | 268.9 | 305.3 | 303.5 | 225.7 | 9.63 | 2.65 | 2.54 | 8.26 | 2.26 | 2.08 | |||
| 荆州 Jingzhou | 370.2 | 344.7 | 276.8 | 307.5 | 292.4 | 211.8 | 9.15 | 2.31 | 2.21 | 8.33 | 2.10 | 1.98 | ||||
| 天门 Tianmen | 354.3 | 342.3 | 261.5 | 295.4 | 279.2 | 214.5 | 8.55 | 2.52 | 2.36 | 7.41 | 2.04 | 1.95 | ||||
| 仙桃 Xiantao | 360.7 | 331.2 | 264.5 | 296.6 | 273.3 | 220.9 | 8.36 | 2.42 | 2.38 | 7.44 | 1.84 | 1.99 | ||||
| 孝感 Xiaogan | 381.1 | 357.6 | 276.7 | 319.9 | 304.9 | 234.2 | 8.47 | 2.38 | 2.21 | 7.63 | 2.04 | 1.94 | ||||
| 随州 Suizhou | 390.2 | 361.5 | — | 328.4 | 324.2 | — | 8.69 | 2.47 | — | 7.58 | 1.86 | — | ||||
| 潜江 Qianjiang | 348.2 | 328.8 | 246.7 | 285.5 | 271.9 | 197.5 | 8.52 | 2.57 | 2.47 | 7.36 | 2.01 | 2.16 | ||||
| RW: 水稻-小麦系统; RR: 水稻-油菜系统; RO: 再生稻系统; “—”表示稻作模式在相应的区域中面积很小，忽略不计。RW: rice-wheat cropping system; RR: rice-oilseed rape cropping system; RO: rice-ratoon rice cropping system. “—” means that the rice cropping pattern has a small area in this area, and the greenhouse gases are ignored. | ||||||||||||||||
下载: 导出CSV表42019年湖北省不同稻作区不同管理模式下不同稻作系统周年增温潜势
Table4.Annual global warming potential of different rice-based cropping systems under different management modes in different rice planting regions in Hubei Province in 2019
| 地区 Region | 常规模式 Conventional cultivation mode | 优化模式 Optimized cultivation mode | ||||||
| RW | RO | RR | RW | RO | RR | |||
| 鄂西北 Northwest Hubei | 十堰 Shiyan | 16.22 | 13.42 | — | 14.39 | 12.22 | — | |
| 襄阳 Xiangyang | 18.75 | 14.52 | — | 15.50 | 12.46 | — | ||
| 神农架 Shennongjia | 16.35 | 14.38 | — | 15.20 | 12.18 | — | ||
| 鄂东南 Southeast Hubei | 武汉 Wuhan | — | 14.65 | 11.78 | — | 12.06 | 10.15 | |
| 黄冈 Huanggang | — | 14.77 | 12.17 | — | 13.58 | 10.20 | ||
| 鄂州 Ezhou | — | 14.31 | 12.28 | — | 13.30 | 10.62 | ||
| 黄石 Huangshi | — | 14.56 | 12.07 | — | 13.39 | 10.00 | ||
| 咸宁 Xianning | — | 14.64 | 12.33 | — | 13.54 | 10.34 | ||
| 江汉平原 Jianghan Plain | 荆门 Jingmen | 17.68 | 14.36 | 12.41 | 15.24 | 13.10 | 10.83 | |
| 荆州 Jingzhou | 17.87 | 14.28 | 12.47 | 15.42 | 12.85 | 10.39 | ||
| 天门 Tianmen | 18.26 | 14.33 | 12.25 | 14.93 | 12.48 | 10.40 | ||
| 仙桃 Xiantao | 18.57 | 14.47 | 12.36 | 14.79 | 12.33 | 10.54 | ||
| 孝感 Xiaogan | 18.66 | 14.85 | 12.52 | 15.52 | 13.10 | 10.90 | ||
| 随州 Suizhou | 19.16 | 14.79 | — | 15.66 | 13.52 | — | ||
| 潜江 Qianjiang | 18.88 | 14.54 | 12.11 | 14.51 | 12.21 | 10.19 | ||
| RW: 水稻-小麦系统; RR: 水稻-油菜系统; RO: 再生稻系统; “—”表示稻作模式在相应的区域中面积很小，忽略不计。RW: rice-wheat cropping system; RR:rice-oilseed rape cropping system; RO: rice-ratoon rice cropping system. “—” means that the rice cropping pattern has a small area in this area, and the greenhouse gases are ignored. | ||||||||
下载: 导出CSV表52019年湖北省不同稻作区不同管理模式下不同稻作系统温室气体周年排放总量
Table5.Cumulative greenhouse gas emissions from different rice-based cropping systems under different cultivation modes in different rice planting regions in Hubei Province in 2019
| 地区 Region | CH4排放量 CH4 emission [t (CH4-C)] | N2O排放量 N2O emission [t (N2O-N)] | ||||||||||||||
| 常规模式 Conventional cultivation mode | 优化模式 Optimized cultivation mode | 常规模式 Conventional cultivation mode | 优化模式 Optimized cultivation mode | |||||||||||||
| RW | RO | RR | RW | RO | RR | RW | RO | RR | RW | RO | RR | |||||
| 鄂西北 Northwest Hubei | 十堰 Shiyan | 18 271 | 12 735 | — | 15 700 | 11 801 | — | 468 | 72 | — | 81.2 | 12.3 | — | |||
| 襄阳 Xiangyang | 139 671 | 12 430 | — | 123 496 | 10 536 | — | 3445 | 71 | — | 610.2 | 11.7 | — | ||||
| 神农架 Shennongjia | 90 | 84 | — | 82 | 72 | — | 2 | 0 | — | 0.4 | 0.1 | — | ||||
| 鄂东南 Southeast Hubei | 武汉 Wuhan | — | 10 025 | 972 | — | 8618 | 777 | — | 70 | 9 | — | 12.4 | 3.1 | |||
| 黄冈 Huanggang | — | 44 370 | 19 965 | — | 39 739 | 15 009 | — | 289 | 162 | — | 48.4 | 66.8 | ||||
| 鄂州 Ezhou | — | 4124 | 372 | — | 3629 | 297 | — | 26 | 3 | — | 4.2 | 1.0 | ||||
| 黄石 Huangshi | — | 11 869 | 122 | — | 10 246 | 90 | — | 80 | 1 | — | 12.4 | 0.4 | ||||
| 咸宁 Xianning | — | 28 400 | 3098 | — | 24 676 | 2433 | — | 179 | 25 | — | 31.6 | 9.2 | ||||
| 江汉平原 Jianghan Plain | 荆门 Jingmen | 47 884 | 36 904 | 8372 | 40 129 | 31 622 | 7027 | 1266 | 276 | 79 | 206.3 | 44.7 | 25.9 | |||
| 荆州 Jingzhou | 65 537 | 63 390 | 19 703 | 54 437 | 53 772 | 15 076 | 1620 | 425 | 157 | 280.2 | 73.4 | 26.4 | ||||
| 天门 Tianmen | 23 586 | 11 351 | 872 | 19 665 | 9258 | 715 | 569 | 84 | 8 | 93.7 | 12.9 | 2.6 | ||||
| 仙桃 Xiantao | 10 136 | 16 325 | 882 | 8334 | 13 471 | 736 | 235 | 119 | 8 | 39.7 | 17.2 | 2.7 | ||||
| 孝感 Xiaogan | 32 302 | 23 094 | 1424 | 27 115 | 19 690 | 1205 | 718 | 154 | 11 | 122.9 | 25.0 | 4.0 | ||||
| 随州 Suizhou | 27 653 | 8430 | — | 23 274 | 7560 | — | 616 | 58 | — | 102.1 | 8.2 | — | ||||
| 潜江 Qianjiang | 12 762 | 6902 | 82 | 10 464 | 5707 | 66 | 312 | 54 | 1 | 51.3 | 8.0 | 0.3 | ||||
| RW: 水稻-小麦系统; RR: 水稻-油菜系统; RO: 再生稻系统 “—”表示稻作模式在相应的区域中面积很小，忽略不计。RW: rice-wheat cropping system; RR: rice-oilseed rape cropping system; RO: rice-ratoon rice cropping system. “—” means that the rice cropping pattern has a small area in this area, and the greenhouse gases are ignored. | ||||||||||||||||
下载: 导出CSV参考文献
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