张晓龙1,
李红军1,
沈彦军1, 2,,
1.中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心/中国科学院农业水资源重点实验室/河北省节水农业重点实验室 石家庄 050022
2.中国科学院大学 北京 100049
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目41807177
国家自然科学基金项目42001037
国家自然科学基金项目41971262
详细信息
作者简介:石嘉丽, 主要从事生态水文模拟方面的研究。E-mail: shijiali19@mails.ucas.ac.cn
通讯作者:沈彦军, 主要从事流域生态水文模拟与水环境管理方面的研究。E-mail: shenyanjun@sjziam.ac.cn
中图分类号:P426.2计量
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被引次数:0
出版历程
收稿日期:2020-10-10
录用日期:2020-12-29
网络出版日期:2021-06-22
刊出日期:2021-06-01
Spatial-temporal changes in green water and its driving factors in the Bashang area of Hebei Province
SHI Jiali1, 2,,ZHANG Xiaolong1,
LI Hongjun1,
SHEN Yanjun1, 2,,
1. Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Hebei Key Laboratory of Water-saving Agriculture, Shijiazhuang 050022, China
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Funds: the National Natural Science Foundation of China41807177
the National Natural Science Foundation of China42001037
the National Natural Science Foundation of China41971262
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Corresponding author:SHEN Yanjun, E-mail: shenyanjun@sjziam.ac.cn
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摘要
摘要:河北坝上半干旱农牧交错带是首都西北重要的生态屏障。绿水在维持坝上半干旱生态系统稳定、保障京津冀地区生态环境安全中发挥着重要作用，但绿水资源的时空分布及其驱动因素还缺乏定量理解。本文基于GLASS蒸散产品，定量分析了2001—2015年河北坝上（康保县、沽源县、尚义县、张北县）县域尺度的绿水时空变化特征，通过线性变化系数、相关系数、贡献率方法评估了绿水变化对气温、降水、净辐射（Rn）、总第一性生产力（GPP）以及土地利用的响应规律，以期为坝上地区“首都水源涵养功能区和生态环境支撑区”建设、水资源高效利用提供科学依据。研究结果表明：1）2001—2015年坝上4县的绿水量总体呈下降趋势，多年平均绿水量为371.11 mm；绿水量季节变化明显，表现为夏季>春季>秋季>冬季。2）绿水量由西北至东南递增，其中沽源县绿水量最大，康保县绿水量最小；研究期间21.2%的区域绿水量呈增加趋势，78.8%的区域呈减少趋势。3）绿水与降水、GPP呈正相关关系，与气温和净辐射呈负相关关系，各影响因子对绿水变化的贡献率排序为GPP >气温>降水> Rn，GPP的贡献率高达51%。4）研究区内各土地利用类型绿水量表现为林地>草地>耕地>建设用地。绿水量变化趋势受土地利用变化影响显著，土地利用更直接地影响绿水的空间分布。
关键词:绿水/
蒸散/
气候因素/
总第一性生产力(GPP)/
土地利用/
河北坝上
Abstract:The Bashang area is a semi-arid farming-pastoral zone in Hebei Province and represents an important ecological barrier northwest of the capital. Green water plays an important role in maintaining the stability of the semi-arid ecosystem in Bashang and ensuring the safety of the ecological environment in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. However, a quantitative understanding of the temporal and spatial distribution of green water in this area and underlying driving factors is lacking. This study used Global Land Surface Satellite (GLASS) evapotranspiration products to quantitatively analyze the spatio-temporal changes in green water and evaluated the effect on changes in green water of temperature, precipitation, net radiation (Rn), gross primary productivity (GPP), and land use at the county level (Kangbao, Guyuan, Shangyi, and Zhangbei Counties) from 2001 to 2015. These results provide a scientific basis for the construction of the "Capital Water Conservation Functional Zone and Ecological Environment Support Zone" and more efficient use of the water resources in the Bashang area. This study used the linear trend method to assess the changing trends of green water, and based on the pixel and correlation coefficient methods to analyze the driving factors of green water variation. Multiple regression analysis was used to calculate the contribution rate of each driving factor. The results showed that: 1) the amount of green water in the four counties showed an overall insignificant downward trend from 2001 to 2015. The maximum value was in 2003 (415.34 mm), and the minimum value was in 2009 (322.35 mm). The annual average green water amount was 371.11 mm. The seasonal variation of green water amount was obvious. Summer had the highest amount of green water, followed by spring, autumn, and winter. 2) The amount of green water increased from northwest to southeast regions, most of which showed a decreasing trend. Guyuan County had the highest amount of green water, and Kangbao County had the least amount. Across the regions, 21.2% showed an increasing trend in the volume changes of green water, and 78.8% of the regions showed a decreasing trend from 2001 to 2015. 3) From 2001 to 2015, the precipitation, temperature, and GPP showed an overall increasing trend, whereas Rn showed an insignificant downward trend. Green water was positively correlated with precipitation and GPP and negatively correlated with temperature and Rn. The contribution rate of each influencing factor was in the following order: GPP > temperature > precipitation > Rn. The GPP contribution rate was as high as 51%. The above-mentioned factors primarily affected temporal changes in green water. 4) The highest amount of green water was in the forest land, followed by grassland, cultivated land, construction land, and unused land. There were no significant differences in the amount of green water among land-use types, but the trend of green water changes was significantly affected by land-use changes. Land use directly affected the spatial distribution of green water.
Key words:Green water/
Evapotranspiration/
Climate factors/
Gross Primary Productivity (GPP)/
Land use/
Bashang area of Hebei Province
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图1张家口市坝上4县研究区地理位置
Figure1.Location of the study area of the four counties of Zhangjiakou in Bashang area
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
图22001—2015年张家口市坝上4县绿水量年际变化趋势图
Figure2.Annual variation of green water of the four counties of Zhangjiakou in Bashang area during 2001?2015
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
图32001—2015年张家口市坝上4县多年月均绿水量分布图
Figure3.Average monthly green water of the four counties of Zhangjiakou in Bashang area during 2001?2015
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
图42001—2015年张家口市坝上4县年均绿水量(a)及绿水变化趋势(b)图
Figure4.Annual average (a) and linear trend (b) of green water of the four counties of Zhangjiakou in Bashang area during 2001?2015
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
图52001—2015年张家口市坝上4县各气象因子年均值及其变化趋势分布图
Figure5.Annual average and linear trends of various weather influencing factors of the four counties of Zhangjiakou in Bashang area during 2001?2015
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
图62001—2015年张家口市坝上4县年均总第一性生产力(a)及其变化趋势(b)分布图
Figure6.Annual average (a) and linear trend (b) of gross primary productivity (GPP) of the four counties of Zhangjiakou in Bashang area during 2001?2015
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
图72001年、2010年、2015年张家口市坝上4县土地利用类型图
Figure7.Spatial distribution of land use types of the four counties of Zhangjiakou in Bashang area in 2001, 2010 and 2015
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
图8张家口市坝上4县各影响因子与绿水相关系数分布图
Figure8.Spatial distribution of correlation coefficients between influencing factors and green water of the four counties of Zhangjiakou in Bashang area
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
图92001年、2010年、2015年张家口市坝上4县各土地利用类型绿水量
Figure9.Green water of different land use types of the four counties of Zhangjiakou in Bashang area in 2001, 2010 and 2015
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
图102001—2015年张家口市坝上4县总第一性生产力与温度变化图
Figure10.Annual variations of gross primary productivity and temperature of the four counties of Zhangjiakou in Bashang area from 2001 to 2015
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片表1研究所用数据类型、来源及时空分辨率
Table1.Data source and spatio-temporal resolution used in the study
| 数据类型 Data type | 空间分辨率 Spatial resolution | 时间分辨率 Temporal resolution (d) | 数据来源 Data source |
| ET | 0.05° | 8 | 全球陆表特征参量(GLASS)蒸散产品 ET products of GLASS (http://www.geodata.cn/) |
| 降雨 Precipitation | 0.1° | 1 | 中国区域地面气象要素驱动数据集 China meteorological forcing dataset (https://data.tpdc.ac.cn/zh-hans/) |
| 气温 Temperature | 0.1° | 1 | 中国区域地面气象要素驱动数据集 China meteorological forcing dataset (https://data.tpdc.ac.cn/zh-hans/) |
| 净辐射 Net radiation | 0.05° | 1 | 详见参考文献[23] Showed in the reference [23] |
| 总第一性生产力 Gross primary productivity (GPP) | 0.05° | 8 | 全球陆表特征参量(GLASS)总第一性生产力产品 GPP products of GLASS (http://www.geodata.cn/) |
| 土壤湿度 Soil moisture | 0.1° | 1 | 基于微波数据同化的中国土壤水分数据集 Soil moisture dataset of China based on microwave data assimilation (http://data.tpdc.ac.cn/zh-hans/) |
| 土地利用 Land use | 30 m | — | 中国科学院资源环境与数据中心土地利用数据产品 Land use products of Resources and Environment Science and Data Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences (http://www.resdc.cn/) |
下载: 导出CSV表22001年、2010年、2015年张家口市坝上4县各土地利用类型面积占比
Table2.Proportions of different land use types of the four countiesof Zhangjiakou in Bashang area in 2001, 2010 and 2015 ?
| 土地利用类型Land use type | 2001 | 2010 | 2015 |
| 耕地Cultivated land | 62.60 | 64.85 | 61.16 |
| 林地Forest land | 6.33 | 9.54 | 11.46 |
| 草地Grassland | 20.91 | 15.71 | 16.59 |
| 水体Water | 2.06 | 1.25 | 1.37 |
| 建设用地Construction land | 2.59 | 3.03 | 3.66 |
| 未利用地Unused land | 5.51 | 5.62 | 5.75 |
下载: 导出CSV参考文献
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