高卫东,
方娇阳,
叶可可,
祝燕,
黄放,
李庆梅,
中国林业科学研究院林业研究所/国家林业和草原局林木培育重点实验室/林木遗传育种国家重点实验室 北京 100091
基金项目: 国家林业局北方林木种子质量检验检测中心运行补助2018-LYPT-ZJ-160002
中国林业科学研究院林业研究所林木培育重点实验室专项资金ZDRIF201701
以及中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项基金CAFYBB2017SY008
详细信息
作者简介:裴昊斐, 主要从事林木种苗研究。E-mail:1393420815@qq.com
通讯作者:李庆梅, 主要从事林木种苗研究工作。E-mail:liqm99@163.com
中图分类号:S792.33计量
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出版历程
收稿日期:2019-03-06
录用日期:2019-07-23
刊出日期:2019-10-01
Effects of simulated nitrogen deposition on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of one-year-old Toona sinensis seedlings
PEI Haofei,GAO Weidong,
FANG Jiaoyang,
YE Keke,
ZHU Yan,
HUANG Fang,
LI Qingmei,
Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry/Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, National Forestry and Grassland Administration/State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Beijing 100091, China
Funds: The study was supported by the Subsidies for the Operation of the North Forest Seed Quality Inspection and Testing Center of the State For-estry Administration of China2018-LYPT-ZJ-160002
the Special Funds for Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation, Forestry Research In-stitute, Chinese Academy of Forestry SciencesZDRIF201701
the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund of ChinaCAFYBB2017SY008
More Information
Corresponding author:LI Qingmei, E-mail: liqm99@163.com
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摘要
摘要:为研究氮沉降对一年生香椿（Toona sinensis）幼苗夏季生长以及光合特性的影响，通过在夏季模拟氮沉降控制试验，以尿素为氮源供体，设置0 kg（N）·hm-2·a-1（CK）、20 kg（N）·hm-2·a-1、40 kg（N）·hm-2·a-1、80 kg（N）·hm-2·a-1、120 kg（N）·hm-2·a-1、180 kg（N）·hm-2·a-1不同氮添加水平以模拟氮沉降，对香椿幼苗地径、苗高、生物量及其分配和光合作用等进行研究。结果表明：1）不同氮添加量均促进了香椿幼苗地径、苗高和生物量的增加，地径、苗高和生物量均以氮添加水平180 kg（N）·hm-2·a-1下最高，分别较CK高42.5%、64.4%和304.9%，且生物量向根、叶分配较多；2）香椿幼苗叶片相对叶绿素含量（SPAD）随氮添加水平的增加而增加，在180 kg（N）·hm-2·a-1下最高，较CK增加73.9%；3）香椿幼苗表观量子效率（AQY）、最大净光合速率（Pnmax）、光饱和点（LSP）、光补偿点（LCP）以及暗呼吸速率（Rd）随氮添加水平的增加均呈现先升高后降低的趋势，其中LCP以80 kg（N）·hm-2·a-1下最高，AQY、Pnmax、LSP和Rd均以120 kg（N）·hm-2·a-1下最高。结果表明，适量氮沉降能够促进香椿幼苗生长和光合能力的提高，但更高水平的氮沉降可能对香椿幼苗产生一定抑制作用。
关键词:氮沉降/
香椿幼苗/
生长量/
相对叶绿素/
光合能力
Abstract:With global industrial and agricultural modernization, the characteristics and processes of various ecosystems have been profoundly affected due to increasing nitrogen deposition. Toona sinensis is a unique, dual-use plant widely distributed in China. It is used for medicinal purposes and is also a fast-growing timber tree species. To determine the threshold value of nitrogen deposition that could be sustained at the seedling stage of T. sinensis and to provide some theoretical basis for the cultivation of T. sinensis, a preliminary study was performed to test the response of annual T. sinensis seedlings to nitrogen deposition in summer. Annual T. sinensis seedlings were grown under the simulated nitrogen deposition experiment in summer. Urea was used as the nitrogen source, with six levels of nitrogen addition:0 kg(N)·hm-2·a-1, 20 kg(N)·hm-2·a-1, 40 kg(N)·hm-2·a-1, 80 kg(N)·hm-2·a-1, 120 kg(N)·hm-2·a-1, and 180 kg(N)·hm-2·a-1. The ground diameter, seedling height, biomass, and photosynthesis of T. sinensis seedlings were then measured. The results showed that nitrogen addition contributed to an improvement in the diameter, height, and biomass of T. sinensis seedlings. Ground diameter, height, and biomass were the highest after the addition of 180 kg(N)×hm-2·a-1 nitrogen and were 42.5%, 64.4%, and 304.9% higher, respectively, than the control values. The biomass of T. sinensis seedlings was distributed more to the root and leaf. The SPAD of seedling leaves increased with increasing levels of nitrogen addition. At the highest nitrogen addition of 180 kg(N)·hm-2·a-1, SPAD values were 73.9% higher than the control. The apparent quantum yield (AQY), maximum net photosynthetic rate (Pnmax), light saturation point (LSP), light compensation point (LCP), and the dark respiration rate (Rd) increased at first and then decreased with increasing levels of nitrogen addition. Except for LCP, which was highest at 80 kg(N)·hm-2·a-1, AQY, Pnmax, LSP, and Rd were the highest at 120 kg(N)·hm-2·a-1. This study showed that a certain level of nitrogen addition could promote the growth and enhance the photosynthetic ability of T. sinensis seedlings. However, there is a limit to the nitrogen deposition level tolerance of T. sinensis seedlings and when the nitrogen level increases to a certain point, photosynthetic ability begins to decline.
Key words:Nitrogen deposition/
Toona sinensis seedlings/
Growth increment/
SPAD/
Photosynthetic capacity
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图1不同水平模拟氮沉降对香椿幼苗地径和苗高的影响
不同小写字母表示氮添加水平间在0.05水平差异显著。
Figure1.Effects of simulated nitrogen deposition at different levels on ground diameter and height of Toona sinensis seedlings
Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among nitrogen addition levels at 0.05 level.
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
图2不同水平模拟氮沉降对香椿幼苗相对叶绿素含量(SPAD)的影响
不同小写字母表示氮添加水平水平间在0.05水平差异显著。
Figure2.Effect of simulated nitrogen deposition at different levels on leaf SPAD of Toona sinensis seedlings
Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among nitrogen addition levels a at 0.05 level.
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片表1不同水平模拟氮沉降对香椿幼苗生物量积累及其分配的影响
Table1.Effects of simulated nitrogen deposition at different levels on biomass accumulation and allocation of Toona sinensisseedlings
| 氮添加量 Nitrogen addition [kg(N)hm-2?a-1] | 根生物量 Root biomass (g?plant-1) | 根重比 Root weight ratio | 茎生物量 Stem biomass (g?plant-1) | 茎重比 Stem weight ratio | 叶生物量 Leaf biomass (g?plant-1) | 叶重比 Leaf weight ratio | 总生物量 Total biomass (g?plant-1) |
| CK | 0.81±0.09e | 0.42±0.02b | 0.69±0.03c | 0.35±0.02a | 0.45±0.06c | 0.23±0.04d | 2.06±0.15d |
| 20 | 1.29±0.17d | 0.50±0.02a | 0.63±0.02d | 0.24±0.02c | 0.64±0.07c | 0.25±0.01cd | 2.60±0.21d |
| 40 | 1.48±0.31d | 0.51±0.07a | 0.80±0.04c | 0.28±0.02b | 0.70±0.05c | 0.24±0.05d | 2.89±0.29d |
| 80 | 1.87±0.39c | 0.49±0.05a | 0.81±0.09c | 0.19±0.02d | 1.65±0.06bc | 0.38±0.02a | 4.31±0.42c |
| 120 | 3.39±0.69b | 0.51±0.05a | 1.25±0.05b | 0.18±0.02d | 2.06±0.07a | 0.30±0.03bc | 6.80±0.67b |
| 180 | 3.12±0.73a | 0.37±0.05c | 1.54±0.12a | 0.18±0.02d | 2.64±0.05ab | 0.32±0.03b | 8.34±0.78a |
| 不同小写字母表示氮添加水平间在0.05水平差异显著。Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among nitrogen addition levels a at 0.05 level. | |||||||
下载: 导出CSV表2不同水平模拟氮沉降对香椿幼苗光合指标的影响
Table2.Effects of simulated nitrogen deposition at different levels on photosynthetic parameters of Toona sinensis seedlings
| 氮添加量 Nitrogen addition [kg(N)?hm-2?a-1] | 表观量子效率(AQY) Apparent quantum yield (μmol?μmol-1) | 最大净光合效率(Pnmax) Max photosynthetic rate (μmol?m-2?s-1) | 光饱和点(LSP) Light saturation point (μmol?m-2?s-1) | 光补偿点(LCP) Light compensation point (μmol?m-2?s-1) | 暗呼吸速率(Rd) Dark respiration rate (μmol?m-2?s-1) |
| CK | 0.036±0.01e | 1.22±0.2f | 88.02±14.0d | 16.00±1.1b | 0.48±0.0c |
| 20 | 0.052±0.02d | 2.14±0.2e | 118.71±12.1c | 16.01±1.3b | 0.73±0.2bc |
| 40 | 0.086±0.03c | 3.36±0.3c | 154.98±15.9ab | 17.33±1.9ab | 1.30±0.4b |
| 80 | 0.104±0.06b | 3.64±0.6b | 182.62±13.3a | 19.00±0.9a | 2.18±0.3a |
| 120 | 0.119±0.04a | 3.90±0.5a | 193.98±13.0a | 13.33±1.2c | 2.22±0.7a |
| 180 | 0.103±0.02b | 3.23±0.1d | 188.58±16.4a | 12.00±1.7c | 2.15±0.1a |
| 不同小写字母表示氮添加水平间在0.05水平差异显著。Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among nitrogen addition levels a at 0.05 level. | |||||
下载: 导出CSV参考文献
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