刘秀梅1, 2,
张志浩1, 2,
孟诗原1, 2,
王倩1, 2,
韦业1, 2,
王华田1, 2,,,
陈淑英3,
丛桂芝3,
唐金3,
秦德明3
1.山东农业大学林学院 泰安 271018
2.黄河下游森林培育国家林业局重点实验室 泰安 271018
3.伊犁州林业科学研究院 伊宁 835000
基金项目: 山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目Financial and Agriculture Indicator (2016) No.36
详细信息
作者简介:张瑛, 主要研究方向为森林培育。E-mail:cherrycedar@163.com
通讯作者:王华田, 主要研究方向为森林培育和森林生理生态。E-mail:wanght@sdau.edu.cn
中图分类号:X53;S792.11计量
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收稿日期:2018-06-28
录用日期:2018-09-17
刊出日期:2019-02-01
Effect of magnetized water treatment on photosynthetic and growth characteristics of Populusxeuramericanna 'Neva' seedlings under exogenous cadmium stress
ZHANG Ying1, 2,,LIU Xiumei1, 2,
ZHANG Zhihao1, 2,
MENG Shiyuan1, 2,
WANG Qian1, 2,
WEI Ye1, 2,
WANG Huatian1, 2,,,
CHEN Shuying3,
CONG Guizhi3,
TANG Jin3,
QIN Deming3
1. College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
2. Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration for Silviculture in Lower Yellow River, Tai'an 271018, China
3. Yili Academy of Forestry, Yining 835000, China
Funds: This work was supported by the Agriculture Major Application Technology Innovation Program of Shandong ProvinceFinancial and Agriculture Indicator (2016) No.36
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Corresponding author:WANG Huatian, E-mail:wanght@sdau.edu.cn
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摘要
摘要:为探讨磁化水灌溉处理在促进植物生长、提高植株重金属耐受性方面的作用机制，本研究采用随机区组试验设计，研究了镉胁迫（0 μmol·L-1、50 μmol·L-1、100 μmol·L-1）下磁化水灌溉处理对1 a生欧美杨'I-107'光合特性、叶绿素荧光动力学参数及生长特性的影响。结果表明：1）镉胁迫会显著降低植株高生长和根茎叶干物质量；低浓度（50 μmol·L-1）镉处理促进根系直径及体积增大（P < 0.05），高浓度（100 μmol·L-1）则会抑制根系各形态参数；镉胁迫下欧美杨叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素含量分别降低12.50%、43.24%和19.27%、46.37%（P < 0.05），净光合速率（Pn）、蒸腾速率（Tr）、胞间二氧化碳（Ci）分别降低13.68%和33.68%、8.07%和27.81%、5.00%和14.99%（P < 0.05），同时，PSⅡ潜在活性（Fv/Fm）、最大光化学速率（Fv/Fo）、光合性能指数（PIabs）和量子产额（ΦEo）均有不同程度降低。2）磁化水灌溉提高镉胁迫植株高生长及根茎叶干物质量，增加植株根系长度及表面积；同时，叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素含量在0 μmol·L-1和100 μmol·L-1镉胁迫下分别提高16.99%、40.20%，8.67%、39.10%和17.32%、50.52%（P < 0.05）；Gs、Ci及WUE显著升高，Tr则降低24.20%、23.33%、12.06%（P < 0.05）；另外，Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo、PIabs显著升高（P < 0.05）。综上所述，磁化水灌溉处理有助于提高镉胁迫下欧美杨幼苗光合色素含量，维持光合机构功能，增强光合碳同化速率，减轻镉胁迫对植株生长发育的抑制。
关键词:镉胁迫/
磁化水灌溉/
欧美杨I-107/
光合/
生长
Abstract:In order to investigate the effect of magnetized water irrigation on plant growth and tolerance to heavy metals, a randomized block experiment was designed to explore the photosynthetic characteristics, chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic parameters and growth characteristics of 1-year-old Populus×euramericanna 'Neva' under three cadmium concentrations (0 μmol·L-1, 50 μmol·L-1, 100 μmol·L-1) of magnetized water solution. The results showed that:1) plant height, stem growth and dry matter weights of roots, leaves and stems significantly dropped under cadmium stress. While root diameter and volume were enhanced under low cadmium concentration (50 μmol·L-1, P < 0.05), root morphology parameters were inhibited under high concentration (100 μmol·L-1). Compared with 0 μmol·L-1 cadmium treatment, chlorophyll b and carotenoid contents decreased respectively by 12.50% and 19.27% under 50 μmol·L-1 cadmium treatment, and 43.24% and 46.37% under 100 μmol·L-1 cadmium treatment (P < 0.05). Net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr) and intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci) respectively decreased by 13.68%, 8.07% and 5.00% under 50 μmol·L-1 cadmium treatment, and by 33.68%, 27.81% and 14.99% (P < 0.05) under 100 μmol·L-1 cadmium treatment. PSⅡ potential activity (Fv/Fm), maximum photo-chemical rate (Fv/Fo), photosynthetic performance index (PIabs) and quantum yield (ΦEo) also dropped to varying degrees. 2) Compared with non-magnetic water treatment, magnetic water treatment enhanced the growth of plants under cadmium stress in terms of height and stem, increased dry weight of roots and leaves and also root length and surface area of the plant. The contents of chlorophyll a increased by 16.99%, 6.55% and 4.02%, and carotenoid content increased by 17.32%, 19.38% and 50.52% (P < 0.05), respectively, under 0, 50 and 100 μmol·L-1 cadmium treatments. While Pn, Gs, Ci and WUE increased, the differences were not significant. However, Tr reduced respectively by 24.20%, 23.33% and 12.06% (P < 0.05). In addition, Fv/Fm, Fv/Fo and ΦEo remained stable whereas PIabs increased respectively by 8.01%, 20.63% and 31.09% (P < 0.05). In summary, magnetic treatment of water increased the contents of photosynthetic pigments, maintained the function of photosynthetic apparatus, heightened the rate of photosynthetic carbon assimilation and subsequently relieved the inhibition of plant growth by cadmium stress.
Key words:Cadmium stress/
Magnetic treatment of water/
Populus×euramericanna 'Neva'/
Photosynthesis/
Plant growth
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表1磁化水处理对镉胁迫下欧美杨光合色素含量的影响
Table1.Effect of magnetized water irrigation on photosynthetic pigments contents of Populus×euramericanna'Neva' under different exogenous cadmium stresses
| mg·g-1 | ||||
| 处理 Treatment | 叶绿素 a Cholorophyll a | 叶绿素 b Cholorophyll b | 类胡萝卜素 Carotenoid | 色素含量 Pigment content |
| NM0 | 1.907±0.033Ab | 0.784±0.016Ab | 0.358±0.005Ab | 3.049±0.052Ab |
| NM50 | 1.724±0.089Aa | 0.686±0.029Ba | 0.289±0.027Ba | 2.699±0.139Ba |
| NM100 | 1.127±0.052Bb | 0.445±0.020Cb | 0.192±0.008Cb | 1.763±0.080Cb |
| M0 | 2.231±0.024Aa | 0.852±0.012Aa | 0.420±0.007Aa | 3.503±0.039Aa |
| M50 | 1.837±0.035Ba | 0.732±0.013Ba | 0.345±0.009Ba | 2.950±0.056Ba |
| M100 | 1.580±0.033Ca | 0.619±0.009Ca | 0.289±0.006Ca | 2.488±0.048Ca |
| ??NM:非磁化水处理; M:磁化水处理; 0、50、100分别表示镉浓度为0 μmol·L-1、50 μmol·L-1、100 μmol·L-1。表中数据为3次测定的平均值±标准误, 不同大写字母表示同一磁化水处理不同镉浓度间差异显著(P < 0.05), 不同小写字母表示相同镉浓度不同磁化水处理间差异显著(P < 0.05)。NM: non-magnetic treatment of water; M: magnetic treatment of water. 0, 50 and 100 represent 0 μmol·L-1, 50 μmol·L-1 and 100 μmol·L-1 cadmium concentrations, respectively. Data in the table are the means ± SE of three replicates. Different capital letters indicate significant differences among cadmium concentrations for the same magnetic treatment of water at 0.05 level. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between magnetic treatments of water for the same cadmium concentration at 0.05 level. | ||||
下载: 导出CSV表2磁化水处理对镉胁迫下欧美杨叶片气体交换参数的影响
Table2.Effect of magnetized water irrigation on leaf gas exchange parameters of Populus×euramericanna 'Neva' under different exogenous cadmium stresses
| 处理 Treatment | 净光合速率 Net photosynthetic rate (Pn) (mmol·m-2·s-1) | 蒸腾速率 Transpiration rate (Tr) (mmol·m-2·s-1) | 气孔导度 Stomatal conductance (Gs) (mmol·m-2·s-1) | 胞间CO2浓度 Intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) (mmol·mol-1) | 水分利用效率 Water use efficiency (WUE) (μmol·mol-1) |
| NM0 | 9.50±0.15Aa | 4.71±0.17Aa | 329.67±14.84Ab | 331.22±2.79Ab | 2.02±0.11Ab |
| NM50 | 8.20±0.23Bb | 4.33±0.04Ba | 298.89±3.90Ab | 314.67±1.39Bb | 1.89±0.05Ab |
| NM100 | 6.30±0.17Ca | 3.40±0.07Ca | 213.33±5.72Bb | 281.56±5.31Cb | 1.85±0.03Ab |
| M0 | 12.17±0.92Aa | 3.57±0.33Ab | 459.55±9.65Aa | 350.44±2.25Aa | 3.41±0.25Aa |
| M50 | 10.57±0.09Aa | 3.32±0.29Bb | 333.89±2.63Ba | 328.89±2.99Ba | 3.23±0.24Aa |
| M100 | 6.93±0.51Ba | 2.99±0.04Cb | 276.22±22.37Ba | 298.78±2.48Ca | 2.32±0.01Ba |
| ??NM:非磁化水处理; M:磁化水处理; 0、50、100分别表示镉浓度为0 μmol·L-1、50 μmol·L-1、100 μmol·L-1。表中数据为3次测定的平均值±标准误, 不同大写字母表示同一磁化水处理不同镉浓度间差异显著(P < 0.05), 不同小写字母表示相同镉浓度不同磁化水处理间差异显著(P < 0.05)。NM: non-magnetic treatment of water; M: magnetic treatment of water. 0, 50 and 100 represent 0 μmol·L-1, 50 μmol·L-1 and 100 μmol·L-1 cadmium concentrations, respectively. Data in the table are the means ± SE of three replicates. Different capital letters indicate significant differences among cadmium concentrations for the same magnetic treatment of water at 0.05 level. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between magnetic treatments of water for the same cadmium concentration at 0.05 level. | |||||
下载: 导出CSV表3磁化水处理对镉胁迫下欧美杨叶绿素荧光参数的影响
Table3.Effect of magnetized water irrigation on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Populus×euramericanna 'Neva' under different exogenous cadmium stresses
| 处理 Treatment | PSⅡ最大光化学速率 Maximal efficiency of PSⅡ(Fv/Fm) | PSⅡ潜在活性 Potential activity of PSⅡ(Fv/Fo) | 光合性能指数 Photosynthetic performance index (PIabs) | 量子产额 Photosynthetic performance index (ΦEo) |
| NM0 | 0.832±0.001Ab | 4.931±0.038Ab | 7.803±0.038Ab | 0.527±0.009Aa |
| NM50 | 0.828±0.002Ab | 4.814±0.056Ab | 6.702±0.056Bb | 0.521±0.004Aa |
| NM100 | 0.818±0.001Bb | 4.485±0.045Bb | 5.680±0.045Cb | 0.496±0.004Bb |
| M0 | 0.839±0.001Aa | 5.213±0.032Aa | 9.208±0.032Aa | 0.544±0.002Aa |
| M50 | 0.833±0.001Ba | 5.001±0.052Ba | 8.085±0.052Ba | 0.539±0.008Aa |
| M100 | 0.831±0.001Ba | 4.905±0.042Ba | 7.446±0.042Ba | 0.536±0.002Aa |
| ??NM:非磁化水处理; M:磁化水处理; 0、50、100分别表示镉浓度为0 μmol·L-1、50 μmol·L-1、100 μmol·L-1。表中数据为3次测定的平均值±标准误, 不同大写字母表示同一磁化水处理不同镉浓度间差异显著(P < 0.05), 不同小写字母表示相同镉浓度不同磁化水处理间差异显著(P < 0.05)。NM: non-magnetic treatment of water; M: magnetic treatment of water. 0, 50 and 100 represent 0 μmol·L-1, 50 μmol·L-1 and 100 μmol·L-1 cadmium concentrations, respectively. Data in the table are the means ± SE of three replicates. Different capital letters indicate significant differences among cadmium concentrations for the same magnetic treatment of water at 0.05 level. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between magnetic treatments of water for the same cadmium concentration at 0.05 level. | ||||
下载: 导出CSV表4磁化水处理对镉胁迫下欧美杨生长及生物量的影响
Table4.Effect of magnetized water irrigation on growth and biomass of Populus×euramericanna 'Neva' under different exogenous cadmium stresses
| 处理 Treatment | 树高 Height (cm) | 基茎 Base diameter (mm) | 生物量Biomass (g) | ||
| 根Root | 茎Stem | 叶Leaf | |||
| NM0 | 189.3±0.67Ab | 11.75±0.13Ab | 7.32±0.06Ab | 40.25±0.52Aa | 20.62±0.26Ab |
| NM50 | 178.3±6.06Bb | 11.57±0.40Aa | 6.40±0.13Bb | 36.99±0.10Ba | 17.78±0.45Ab |
| NM100 | 176.7±8.09Ba | 11.48±0.06Aa | 6.17±0.02Ba | 32.31±0.43Ba | 15.86±0.87Bb |
| M0 | 191.7±7.31Aa | 12.48±0.15Aa | 8.35±0.03Aa | 41.97±1.06Aa | 25.11±0.33Aa |
| M50 | 183.0±11.73Ba | 11.76±0.26Aa | 7.47±0.09Ba | 37.29±0.41Ba | 22.90±0.83Ba |
| M100 | 179.3±5.81Ca | 11.69±0.25Aa | 6.62±0.10Ca | 36.40±0.64Ba | 21.33±0.37Ba |
| ??NM:非磁化水处理; M:磁化水处理; 0、50、100分别表示镉浓度为0 μmol·L-1、50 μmol·L-1、100 μmol·L-1。表中数据为3次测定的平均值±标准误, 不同大写字母表示同一磁化水处理不同镉浓度间差异显著(P < 0.05), 不同小写字母表示相同镉浓度不同磁化水处理间差异显著(P < 0.05)。NM: non-magnetic treatment of water; M: magnetic treatment of water. 0, 50 and 100 represent 0 μmol·L-1, 50 μmol·L-1 and 100 μmol·L-1 cadmium concentrations, respectively. Data in the table are the means ± SE of three replicates. Different capital letters indicate significant differences among cadmium concentrations for the same magnetic treatment of water at 0.05 level. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between magnetic treatments of water for the same cadmium concentration at 0.05 level. | |||||
下载: 导出CSV表5磁化水处理对镉胁迫下欧美杨根系参数的影响
Table5.Effect of magnetized water irrigation on root parameters of Populus×euramericanna 'Neva' under different exogenous cadmium stresses
| 处理 Treatment | 长度 Length (cm) | 平均直径 Average diameter (mm) | 表面积 Surface area (cm2) | 根体积 Root volume (cm3) |
| NM0 | 460.12±7.43Ab | 0.44±0.01Bb | 64.85±1.10ABb | 0.69±0.05Bb |
| NM50 | 436.48±10.42Ab | 0.53±0.01Aa | 72.85±5.49Aa | 1.15±0.15Aa |
| NM100 | 383.15±7.01Ba | 0.43±0.01Ba | 57.93±2.71Ba | 0.64±0.04Ba |
| M0 | 503.39±3.58Aa | 0.56±0.02Ba | 99.95±4.24Ba | 1.03±0.10ABa |
| M50 | 472.93±4.85Aa | 0.52±0.01Aa | 73.13±0.49Aa | 1.31±0.24Aa |
| M100 | 422.73±25.59Ba | 0.44±0.02Ba | 62.89±2.51Ba | 0.73±0.03Ba |
| ??NM:非磁化水处理; M:磁化水处理; 0、50、100分别表示镉浓度为0 μmol·L-1、50 μmol·L-1、100 μmol·L-1。表中数据为3次测定的平均值±标准误, 不同大写字母表示同一磁化水处理不同镉浓度间差异显著(P < 0.05), 不同小写字母表示相同镉浓度不同磁化水处理间差异显著(P < 0.05)。NM: non-magnetic treatment of water; M: magnetic treatment of water. 0, 50 and 100 represent 0 μmol·L-1, 50 μmol·L-1 and 100 μmol·L-1 cadmium concentrations, respectively. Data in the table are the means ± SE of three replicates. Different capital letters indicate significant differences among cadmium concentrations for the same magnetic treatment of water at 0.05 level. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between magnetic treatments of water for the same cadmium concentration at 0.05 level. | ||||
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