陈俊佳,
陈志彪^,,
陈志强,
姜超,
陈海滨,
梁美霞
福建师范大学湿润亚热带生态地理过程教育部重点实验室/福建师范大学地理科学学院 福州 350007
基金项目: 福建省社会发展引导性（重点）项目2016Y0024
国家自然科学基金项目41171232
国家重点研发计划项目2016YFC0502905
泉州市科技计划项目2018Z025

详细信息

作者简介:陈俊佳, 主要研究方向为侵蚀过程与生态调控。E-mail:chenjunjia666666@163.com

通讯作者:陈志彪, 主要研究方向为水土保持与资源环境。E-mail:chenzhib408@vip.163.com

中图分类号:S153

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出版历程

收稿日期:2018-05-31
录用日期:2018-06-22
刊出日期:2018-11-01

Dicranopteris dichotoma leaf stoichiometry in collapsing erosion areas in Southwest Fujian

CHEN Junjia,
CHEN Zhibiao^,,
CHEN Zhiqiang,
JIANG Chao,
CHEN Haibin,
LIANG Meixia
Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University/School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
Funds: the Guiding Project for Social Development of Fujian Province2016Y0024
the National Natural Science Foundation of China41171232
the National Key Research and Development Project of China2016YFC0502905
the Science and Technology Project of Quanzhou City2018Z025

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Corresponding author:CHEN Zhibiao, E-mail:chenzhib408@vip.163.com

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摘要
摘要:为了阐明极度退化的崩岗生态系统内芒萁的生长状态和养分储存特征，对闽西南3处不同侵蚀强度的典型崩岗内芒萁叶片C、N、P含量及C/N、C/P、N/P特征进行研究，对比分析不同侵蚀强度下崩壁部位和崩岗不同侵蚀部位中芒萁叶片的生态化学计量特征。结果表明：崩岗内芒萁叶片的C、N、P平均含量分别为477.10 g·kg^-1、6.45 g·kg^-1、0.25 g·kg^-1，芒萁叶片的N、P养分含量极低；而C/N、C/P、N/P平均值分别为96.82、2 097.20、27.67，芒萁生长受P限制。不同侵蚀强度下的崩壁内芒萁叶片的C、N、P含量及C/P、N/P均存在显著差异（P < 0.05），C含量、C/P和N/P均随着侵蚀强度的增强而减小，N含量在中度侵蚀的崩壁内较高，而P含量则随着侵蚀强度的增强而增加，表明芒萁对土壤侵蚀严重的崩岗生态系统具有很强的适应能力。在崩岗的不同侵蚀部位中芒萁叶片的P含量、C/P和N/P均存在显著差异（P < 0.05），P含量在集水坡面最高，在崩壁最低；而C/P、N/P均表现为崩壁显著大于其他各侵蚀部位。可见，在崩岗的不同侵蚀部位，崩壁中芒萁对C的同化能力强于其他侵蚀部位，且对P利用效率也显著高于其他侵蚀部位。综上，在侵蚀严重的崩岗生态系统中，芒萁有较强的同化C能力和较高的对P利用效率，能通过调节自身C、N、P元素含量很好地适应土壤侵蚀严重、养分极度贫瘠的生境。
关键词:生态化学计量学/
芒萁叶片/
崩岗/
土壤侵蚀强度/
侵蚀部位
Abstract:Collapse mound is a form of widespread and severe soil erosion in granite areas in South China. As a typical pioneer plant in collapse mound areas, Dicranopreris dichotoma is critical for soil and water conservation in collapsing erosion areas in South China. Plant stoichiometric characteristics reflect the capacity of plants to absorb and store mineral nutrients from the soil. They also reflect the long-term stoichiometric distribution formed during plant adaptation to the environment. Therefore, analysis of the characteristics of ecological stoichiometry of D. dichotoma in collapsing erosion areas can provide an important guidance for ecological restoration in collapsing erosion areas. In order to clarify the characteristics of nutrient storage of D. dichotoma in extremely degraded collapse mound ecosystems, the characteristics of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) contents and C/N, C/P and N/P ratios for D. dichotoma leaf in three typical collapse mound areas with different erosion intensities in Southwest Fujian Province were analyzed. The ecological stoichiometry characteristics of D. dichotoma leaves in different erosion intensities of collapsing wall and collapse mound under the same erosion intensity in different erosion positions were also comparatively analyzed. The results showed that the average contents of C, N and P in the leaves of D. dichotoma in collapse mounds were 477.10 g·kg^-1, 6.45 g·kg^-1 and 0.25 g·kg^-1, respectively. The N and P contents were generally extremely low. The average ratios of C/N, C/P and N/P were 96.82, 2 097.20 and 27.67, respectively. Thus D. dichotoma growth was primary limited by P content. On the other hand, there were significant differences in C, N and P contents, and C/P and N/P ratios in collapsing wall leaves under different erosion intensities (P < 0.05). All the C content along with C/P and N/P ratios decreased with increasing erosion intensity. While N content was higher in collapsing walls with moderate erosion, P content increased with increasing erosion intensity. This showed that D. dichotoma had strong ability to adapt to collapse mound ecosystems with severe soil erosion. On the other hand, there were significant differences in P content, and C/P and N/P ratios in D. dichotom a leaves in different erosion positions of collapse mounds under the same erosion intensity (P < 0.05). P content was highest in the upper catchment and lowest on collapsing walls. All the C/P and N/P ratios on collapsing walls were significantly larger than in other erosion positions. Obviously, it was evident that the ability of D. dichotom a to assimilate carbon in collapsing walls was stronger than in other erosion positions of collapse mounds. In addition, P utilization efficiency in collapsing walls was significantly higher than that in other erosion positions. In conclusion, D. dichotom a had strong ability to assimilate C and use P efficiently in severely eroded gully ecosystems and was adaptive to environments with severe soil erosion and extreme nutrient deficiency by regulating C, N and P contents in its cells.
Key words:Ecological stoichiometry/
Dicranopreris dichotoma leaf/
Collapse mound/
Soil erosion intensity/
Erosion position

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图1不同侵蚀强度崩岗侵蚀区的地貌特征
Figure1.Geomorphological characteristics of the collapse mounds with different erosion intensities


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图2不同侵蚀强度下崩壁内芒萁叶片的C、N、P含量
SL:微度侵蚀; MO:中度侵蚀; ST:强度侵蚀。不同小写字母表示不同侵蚀强度间差异显著(P < 0.05)。
Figure2.Leaf C, N and P contents of Dicranopteris dichotoma on collapsing wall with different erosion intensities
SL: slight erosion; MO: moderate erosion; ST: strong erosion. Different lowercase letters in the figure indicate significant differences among different erosion intensities at 0.05 level.


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图3不同土壤侵蚀强度崩壁内芒萁叶片的C/N、C/P和N/P比值
SL:微度侵蚀; MO:中度侵蚀; ST:强度侵蚀。不同小写字母表示不同侵蚀强度间差异显著(P < 0.05)。
Figure3.Leaf C/N, C/P and N/P ratios of Dicranopteris dichotoma in collapsing wall with different soil erosion intensities
SL: slight erosion; MO: moderate erosion; ST: strong erosion. Different lowercase letters in the figure indicate significant differences among different erosion intensities at 0.05 level.


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图4崩岗不同侵蚀部位芒萁叶片C、N和P含量
UC:集水坡面; CW:崩壁; CD:崩积体; CO:沟道。不同小写字母表示不同侵蚀部位间差异显著(P < 0.05)。
Figure4.Leaf C, N and P contents in Dicranopteris dichotoma in different erosion positions in collapse mound
UC: upper catchment; CW: collapsing wall; CD: colluvial deposit; CO: channel. Different lowercase letters in the figure indicate significant differences among different erosion positions at 0.05 level.


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图5崩岗不同侵蚀部位芒萁叶片C/N、C/P和N/P比值
UC:集水坡面; CW:崩壁; CD:崩积体; CO:沟道。不同小写字母表示不同侵蚀部位间差异显著(P < 0.05)。
Figure5.Leaf C/N, C/P and N/P ratios in Dicranopteris dichotoma in different erosion positions in collapse mound
UC: upper catchment; CW: collapsing wall; CD: colluvial deposit; CO: channel. Different lowercase letters in the figure indicate significant differences among different erosion positions at 0.05 level.


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表1不同侵蚀强度崩岗区的基本概况
Table1.General situations of three collapse mounds with different erosion intensities

崩岗Collapse mound		Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ
侵蚀强度Erosion intensity		微度Slight	中度Moderate	强度Strong
总面积Total area (m2)		146	705	542
侵蚀面积Erosion area (m2)		96	686	520
植被覆盖度Vegetation coverage (%)		95	20	2
侵蚀模数Erosion modulus (t·km-2·a-1)		< 500	4 500~5 000	6 000~6 500
集水坡面Upper catchment	海拔Altitude (m)	318	324	359
	坡度Slope (°)	15°	3°	18°
	坡向Aspect (°)	SE 26°	SW 19°	SW 18°
崩壁Collapsing wall	高度Height (m)	6.30	11.80	9.43
	宽度Width (m)	2.70~3.42	4.62~6.02	3.55~5.09
主沟Main channel	长度Length (m)	16.48	15.10	13.83
	宽度Breadth (m)	0.71~1.54	1.83~4.45	2.20~4.50

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表2不同侵蚀强度崩壁芒萁叶片的C、N和P含量与其比值间的关系
Table2.Relationship among C, N and P contents and their ratios in leaf of Dicranopreris dichotoma on collapsing wall with different erosion intensities

y	x	回归方程 Regression equation	R2及显著性 R2 & sig.
N	C	y=0.132x-56.813	0.327
P	C	y=-0.003x+1.866	0.476*
C/N	C	y=5.337x+2 671.237	0.468*
C/P	C	y=65.402x-28 851.448	0.480*
N/P	C	y=1.366x-621.319	0.750**
P	N	y=-0.001x+0.210	0.002
C/N	N	y=-28.757x+291.864	0.722**
C/P	N	y=21.959x+2 496.491	0.003
N/P	N	y=4.280x+7.951	0.305
C/N	P	y=375.594x+24.550	0.058
C/P	P	y=-18 461.890x+6 406.309	0.957**
N/P	P	y=-250.928x+87.503	0.633**
C/P	C/N	y=-2.859x+2 931.225	0.056
N/P	C/N	y=-0.137x+50.212	0.460*
N/P	C/P	y=0.014x+0.531	0.658**
??**表示P≤0.01; *表示P≤0.05; n=9。** means significant correlation at 0.01 level. * means significant correlation at 0.05 level. n = 9.

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表3崩岗不同侵蚀部位芒萁叶片的C、N和P含量与其比值间的关系
Table3.Relationship among C, N and P contents and their ratios in leaf of Dicranopreris dichotoma in different erosion positions of collapse mound

y	x	回归方程 Regression equation	R2及显著性 R2 & sig.
N	C	y=-0.002x+7.757	0.002
P	C	y=-0.002x+1.210	0.171
C/N	C	y=-0.173x-14.506	0.221
C/P	C	y=-38.603x-16 202.526	0.275
N/P	C	y=0.460x-187.637	0.167
P	N	y=0.070x-0.247	0.246
C/N	N	y=-9.500x+135.254	0.809**
C/P	N	y=-799.163x+7 893.606	0.144
N/P	N	y=-7.257x+83.787	0.074
C/N	P	y=-45.049x+79.436	0.357*
C/P	P	y=-14 373.149x+5 748.546	0.913**
N/P	P	y=-180.464x+76.348	0.894**
C/P	C/N	y=109.315x-5 212.076	0.300
N/P	C/N	y=1.104x-42.848	0.157
N/P	C/P	y=0.013x-4.149	0.981**
??**表示P≤0.01;*表示P≤0.05; n=12。** means significant correlation at 0.01 level. * means significant correlation at 0.05 level. n = 12.

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表4闽西南崩岗侵蚀区内芒萁叶片中C、N和P含量与其比值间的关系
Table4.Relationship among C, N and P contents and their ratios in leaf of Dicranopreris dichotoma in the area of collapsing erosion in Southwestern Fujian

y	x	回归方程 Regression equation	R2及显著性 R2 & sig.
N	C	y=0.048x-16.446	0.114
P	C	y=-0.001x+0.710	0.053
C/N	C	y=2.430x+1 256.190	0.229*
C/P	C	y=21.442x-8 132.946	0.160
N/P	C	y=0.437x-180.872	0.250*
P	N	y=0.009x+0.194	0.086
C/N	N	y=-31.202x+297.952	0.764**
C/P	N	y=-46.300x+2 395.747	0.015
N/P	N	y=3.560x+4.715	0.335**
C/N	P	y=-248.529x+158.987	0.042
C/P	P	y=-11 536.557x+4 983.039	0.818**
N/P	P	y=-115.123x+56.462	0.275**
C/P	C/N	y=0.003x+91.550	0.001
N/P	C/N	y=-0.097x+37.043	0.316**
N/P	C/P	y=0.012x+2.624	0.515**
??**表示P≤0.01;*表示P≤0.05; n=24。** means significant correlation at 0.01 level. * means significant correlation at 0.05 level. n = 24.

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