Radial growth responses of Picea likiangensis to climate variabilities at different altitudes in Yulong Snow Mountain, southwest China
ZHANG Yun1,2, YIN Ding-Cai,1,*, TIAN Kun1,2, ZHANG Wei-Guo1, HE Rong-Hua3, HE Wen-Qing3, SUN Jiang-Mei3, LIU Zhen-Ya1,21 National Plateau Wetlands Research Center, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China 2 Yunnan Dianchi Lake Wetland Ecosystem National Observatory Station, Kunming 650224, China; and 3Administration of Yulong Snow Mountain Provincial Natural Reserve, Lijiang, Yunnan 674100, China 3 Administration of Yulong Snow Mountain Provincial Natural Reserve, Lijiang, Yunnan 674100, China
Abstract Aims The objective of this study was to determine the relationships between radial growth in Picea likiangensisand climate variables along an altitudinal gradient in Yulong Snow Mountain of southwest China.Methods Tree-ring samples were collected at low (2898 m), intermediate (3309 m) and high (3639 m) altitudes in Yulong Snow Mountain. Residual chronologies were established by using the tree-ring width data. Relationships between the residual chronologies and climatic factors were determined by using response function analysis (RFA), redundancy analysis (RDA) and moving interval response analysis (MIRA).Important findings The radial growth in P. likiangensis was influenced by both temperature and precipitation along an altitudinal gradient in Yulong Snow Mountain, but the seasonal response patterns varied with altitudes. It was significantly and positively correlated with precipitation from January through March of the current year at all the three altitudinal sites. The precipitation in post-growing season of the current year imposed a negative influence on radial growth at the sites of low and intermediate altitudes; whereas the effect was positive at the high altitude site. Spring drought of the current year was found to be another important factor affecting tree growth at the low and intermediate altitudes, while the current July temperature accelerated the radial growth at the high altitude. Results of RDA were generally consistent with that of RFA, indicating the effectiveness of RDA for quantifying the relationships between tree-ring width index and climatic factors. The results of MIRA indicated that variations in temperature and precipitation on a short-term scale also influenced tree growth. Based on the responses of tree growth to climate at the three altitudes and future climate predictions, the radial growth in P. likiangensis would likely be enhanced at the high altitude in the Yulong Snow Mountain, but the response patterns are uncertain at the low and intermediate altitudes. Keywords:southeastern margin of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau;dendrochronology;climate response;temperature;precipitation
PDF (1217KB)元数据多维度评价相关文章导出EndNote|Ris|Bibtex收藏本文 本文引用格式 张贇, 尹定财, 田昆, 张卫国, 和荣华, 和文清, 孙江梅, 刘振亚. 玉龙雪山不同海拔丽江云杉径向生长对气候变异的响应. 植物生态学报[J], 2018, 42(6): 629-639 doi:10.17521/cjpe.2018.0003 ZHANG Yun. Radial growth responses of Picea likiangensis to climate variabilities at different altitudes in Yulong Snow Mountain, southwest China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology[J], 2018, 42(6): 629-639 doi:10.17521/cjpe.2018.0003
海拔变化通过水热分配差异影响树木径向生长(Fritts, 1976)。在高海拔地区, 树木径向生长受生长季气温的影响, 而生长季的降水是限制低海拔地区树木径向生长的主要气候因子(Yu et al., 2007)。但不同地区限制树木径向生长的气候因子存在差异, 因而沿海拔梯度树木径向生长对气候变化响应模式也不同(Liang et al., 2010)。例如, 东北长白山东坡高海拔长白落叶松(Larix olgensis)径向生长主要受上年生长季初期和生长季盛期气温限制, 而低海拔的径向生长主要受当年9月降水和当年8月帕尔默干旱指数(PDSI)影响(于健等, 2016)。华北芦芽山阳坡低海拔华北落叶松(Larix gmelinii var. principis-?rupprechtii)径向生长与当年4月平均气温和上年11月降水量呈显著负相关关系, 中、高海拔的径向生长与上年10月平均气温和当年6月降水呈显著负相关关系(张文涛等, 2015)。西北阿尼玛卿山东部低海拔祁连圆柏(Sabina przewalskii)径向生长不仅受上年8月和当年5月降水影响, 还受当年6月和上年11月气温的影响, 而高海拔的径向生长主要受当年7、8月气温限制(彭剑锋等, 2010)。而西南地区沿海拔梯度树木生长与气候关系的研究相对较少(Panthi et al., 2018)。
滇西北高原地处青藏高原东南缘, 在气候变化研究中具有突出的区位优势(Fan et al., 2009)。近年来, 已有****利用树轮资料重建了该区域的年际与夏季气温以及干旱指数(Berg et al., 2008; Li et al., 2012), 同时阐明了海拔上限主要针叶树种径向生长与气候因子的关系。如石卡雪山海拔上限丽江云杉(Picea likiangensis)径向生长受生长季前气温限制, 当年生长季后期气温促进海拔上限长苞冷杉(Abies georgei)径向生长(Zhang et al., 2017); 冬季气温是影响横断山中部白马雪山海拔上限长苞冷杉径向生长的主要气候因子(Fan et al., 2009); 普达措国家公园麦吊云杉(Picea brachytyla)和长苞冷杉径向生长主要受气温影响, 而大果红杉(Larix potaninii var. australis)主要受降水影响(余佳霖等, 2017)。玉龙雪山作为滇西北高原的典型雪山, 以往的年轮学研究多集中于解释海拔上限树木径向生长与气候因子的关系(张卫国等, 2017), 尚缺乏不同海拔树木径向生长与气候因子关系的对比研究, 加强海拔梯度上树木生长对气候变化响应差异的研究有利于揭示影响该区域树木生长的关键气候因子。
Fig. 1Meteorological data from the Lijiang Meteorological Station (1951-2010). PREC, precipitation; Tmean, monthly mean air temperature; Tmax, monthly maximum air temperature; Tmin, monthly minimum air temperature.
Table 3 表3 表3玉龙雪山3个采样点丽江云杉残差年表间相关系数(1967-2016) Table 3Correlation coefficients of the residual chronologies in Picea likiangensis among three sampling sites in Yulong Snow Mountain (1967- 2016)
L
M
M
0.629**
-
H
0.177
0.435**
L, 低海拔; M, 中海拔; H, 高海拔。 L, low altitude; M, intermediate altitude; H, high altitude. **p < 0.01
新窗口打开|下载原图ZIP|生成PPT 图3丽江云杉残差年表与气候因子的响应分析(1952-2010)。L, 低海拔; M, 中海拔; H, 高海拔。p代表上年; pPG , 上年生长季后期; JM, 当年1-3月; EG , 生长季初期; G , 生长季盛期; PG , 生长季后期。*, p < 0.05。
Fig. 3Response function analysis between the residual chronologies and climatic factors (1952-2010). L, low altitude; M, intermediate altitude; H, high altitude. p, previous year; pPG , post-growing season of previous year; JM, January through March of the current year; EG , early growing season; G , growing season; PG , post-growing season. *, p < 0.05.
新窗口打开|下载原图ZIP|生成PPT 图4丽江云杉残差年表与主要气候因子的滑动响应分析。虚线为95%置信区间。L, 低海拔; M, 中海拔; H, 高海拔。
Fig. 4Moving interval response analysis between the residual chronologies and main climatic factors. Dotted lines indicate the 95% confidence level. L, low altitude; M, intermediate altitude; H, high altitude.
Fig. 5Redundancy analysis between climatic factors and residual chronologies (1952-2010). Only significant climatic factors (p < 0.05) are shown. The longer vector of climate factor indicates the greater contribution; correlation coefficients between the climatic factors and the chronologies are illustrated by the cosine of the angle between the two vectors. Vectors pointing in the same directions indicate a positive correlation, and in opposite directions indicate a negative correlation. Numbers represent the corresponding months, and T and P indicate the temperature and precipitation, respectively. L, low altitude; M, intermediate altitude; H, high altitude.
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XuN, WangXC, ZhangYD, LiuSR ( 2013). Climate-growth relationships of Abies faxoniana from different elevations at Miyaluo, western Sichuan, China. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 33, 3742-3751. DOI:10.5846/stxb201211131594URL [本文引用: 3] 为分析青藏高原东缘半湿润区树木生长与气候关系随海拔变化的规律,于川西米亚罗林区分别在高、中、低海拔选取3个采样点,共采集132棵岷江冷杉年轮样芯,建立了最长达170a(1842—2011年)3个海拔高度的差值年表。岷江冷杉年轮指数与气候因子的相关分析表明:随海拔高度降低,温度与生长的负相关呈增加趋势。高海拔岷江冷杉径向生长与前一年冬季最低温呈显著正相关,中低海拔与当年春季均温、最高温和年均最高温呈显著负相关。低海拔岷江冷杉与当年4月降水呈显著正相关,随海拔升高降水与岷江冷杉生长的相关性降低。中低海拔岷江冷杉年表与4、5月帕尔默干旱指数(PDSI)呈显著正相关,表明在中低海拔存在春季干旱胁迫,抑制了岷江冷杉的生长。另外,大龄树木比小龄树木对气候变化的响应更敏感。 [ 徐宁, 王晓春, 张远东, 刘世荣 ( 2013). 川西米亚罗林区不同海拔岷江冷杉生长对气候变化的响应 , 33, 3742-3751.] DOI:10.5846/stxb201211131594URL [本文引用: 3] 为分析青藏高原东缘半湿润区树木生长与气候关系随海拔变化的规律,于川西米亚罗林区分别在高、中、低海拔选取3个采样点,共采集132棵岷江冷杉年轮样芯,建立了最长达170a(1842—2011年)3个海拔高度的差值年表。岷江冷杉年轮指数与气候因子的相关分析表明:随海拔高度降低,温度与生长的负相关呈增加趋势。高海拔岷江冷杉径向生长与前一年冬季最低温呈显著正相关,中低海拔与当年春季均温、最高温和年均最高温呈显著负相关。低海拔岷江冷杉与当年4月降水呈显著正相关,随海拔升高降水与岷江冷杉生长的相关性降低。中低海拔岷江冷杉年表与4、5月帕尔默干旱指数(PDSI)呈显著正相关,表明在中低海拔存在春季干旱胁迫,抑制了岷江冷杉的生长。另外,大龄树木比小龄树木对气候变化的响应更敏感。
XuYL, HuangXY, ZhangY, LinWT, LinED ( 2006). Statistical analyses of climate change scenarios over China in the 21st Century 2, 50-53. URL [本文引用: 1] The changes of surface air temperature and precipitation in the three time-slices of the 21st century under SRES A2, B2 scenarios is firstly analyzed using the regional climate model system-PRECIS, then followed by analysis on the possible change trend of surface air temperature and precipitation under B2 scenario over China. It is shown that the future extreme maximum temperature and precipitation events would increase, while the future extreme minimum temperature events would decrease during 2071-2100 under B2 scenario over China relative to baseline (1961-1990) average. It can be seen that the temperature in Northeast China, North China, and Northwest China would increase, while the precipitation would decrease under B2 scenario in 2071-2100, the climate would obviously become warmer and drier over these three regions in the northern part of China; and the precipitation over Central China, East China, and South China would increase largely in summer, while not so much in winter, especially the precipitation in South China in winter would obviously decrease. It means that both the flooding in summer and drought in winter would be enhanced over these three regions in the southern part of China.
YuDP, LiuJQ, BenardJL, ZhouL, ZhouWM, FangXM, WeiYW, JiangSW, DaiLM ( 2013). Spatial variation and temporal instability in the climate-growth relationship of Korean pine in the Changbai Mountain region of Northeast China 300, 96-105. DOI:10.1016/j.foreco.2012.06.032URL [本文引用: 1]
YuJ, XuQQ, LiuWH, LuoCW, YangJL, LiJQ, LiuQJ ( 2016). Response of radial growth to climate change for Larix olgensis along an altitudinal gradient on the eastern slope of Changbai Mountain, northeast China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 40, 24-35. [本文引用: 2]
YuJL, ZhangWG, TianK, SongWH, LiQP, YangR, ZhangY ( 2017). Response of radial growth of three conifer trees to climate change at their upper distribution limits in Potatso National Park, Shangri-La, southwestern China Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 39(1), 43-51. DOI:10.13332/j.1000-1522.20160184URL [本文引用: 1] 本文利用树木年轮学方法研究普达措国家公园海拔上限麦吊云杉、大果红杉和长苞冷杉的生长特征,构建差值年表并分析其与气候因子的关系,以揭示影响该区域3个主要树种径向生长的气候因子及对气候变化响应的种间差异。结果表明:1)生长后期的气候因子对该地区树木生长起着重要作用,但不同树种的响应方式存在差异;2)麦吊云杉生长主要受限于生长季的气候条件,与上年生长后期(上年9—10月)平均温度呈显著负相关,且当年生长盛期(6—8月)温度的升高有利于其径向生长;3)大果红杉生长主要受限于生长后期的水分条件,主要表现为与上年10月以及上年生长后期(9—10月)降水呈显著负相关;4)长苞冷杉生长主要受限于生长季的气候条件,主要表现为对当年生长季盛期(6—8月)以及当年生长季后期(9—10月)平均温度的显著正相关。本研究为香格里拉地区的气候重建提供基础数据。 [ 余佳霖, 张卫国, 田昆, 松卫红, 李秋平, 杨荣, 张贇 ( 2017). 普达措国家公园海拔上限3个针叶树种径向生长对气候变化的响应 , 39(1), 43-51.] DOI:10.13332/j.1000-1522.20160184URL [本文引用: 1] 本文利用树木年轮学方法研究普达措国家公园海拔上限麦吊云杉、大果红杉和长苞冷杉的生长特征,构建差值年表并分析其与气候因子的关系,以揭示影响该区域3个主要树种径向生长的气候因子及对气候变化响应的种间差异。结果表明:1)生长后期的气候因子对该地区树木生长起着重要作用,但不同树种的响应方式存在差异;2)麦吊云杉生长主要受限于生长季的气候条件,与上年生长后期(上年9—10月)平均温度呈显著负相关,且当年生长盛期(6—8月)温度的升高有利于其径向生长;3)大果红杉生长主要受限于生长后期的水分条件,主要表现为与上年10月以及上年生长后期(9—10月)降水呈显著负相关;4)长苞冷杉生长主要受限于生长季的气候条件,主要表现为对当年生长季盛期(6—8月)以及当年生长季后期(9—10月)平均温度的显著正相关。本研究为香格里拉地区的气候重建提供基础数据。
ZhangWG, XiaoDR, TianK, ChenGL, HeRH, ZhangY ( 2017). Response of radial growth of three conifer species to climate at their respective upper distributional limits on Yulong Snow Mountain Acta Ecologica Sinica, 37, 3796-3804. [本文引用: 4]
ZhangWT, JiangY, WangMC, ZhangLN, DongMY ( 2015). Responses of radial growth in Larix principis-rupprechtii to climate change at different elevations on the southern slope of Luya Mountain. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 35, 6481-6488. [本文引用: 2]
ZhangY, YinDC, SunM, WangH, TianK, XiaoDR, ZhangWG ( 2017). Variations of climate-growth response of major conifers at upper distributional limits in Shika Snow Mountain, Northwestern Yunnan Plateau, China 8, 377. DOI: 10.3390/f8100377. DOI:10.3390/f8100377URL
Effects of waterlogging on the soil structure of some Italian soils in relation to the GAEC cross-compliance standard maintenance of farm channel networks and field convexity 1 2011