Diurnal Variation of N2O and CO2 Emissions in Spring Maize Fields in Northeast China Under Different Nitrogen Fertilizers
YAO FanYun,1, LIU ZhiMing1, CAO YuJun1, LÜ YanJie1, WEI WenWen1, WU XingHong1, WANG YongJun,1,2, XIE RuiZhi,31Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Engineering Laboratory of Maize, Changchun 130033 2College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118 3Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081
Abstract 【Objective】 The effects of different types of nitrogen fertilizers on the diurnal variation of N2O and CO2 fluxes from spring maize soil at high latitude were explored, in order to provide a reference for nitrogen fertilizer efficient utilization management and greenhouse gas emission reduction in farmland at high latitude. 【Method】 Field micro-plot trials and the static chamber-gas chromatography method were used to investigate the effects of slow release fertilizer (SLN), urea plus nitrification inhibitor and urease inhibitor (NIUI) and ordinary urea application (OU) on the diurnal variation of N2O and CO2 emissions from spring maize fields at high latitudes. The day-night emission characteristics of soil N2O and CO2 were compared and analyzed in 6 periods, including pre-emergence stage (S1), seedling stage (S2), jointing stage (S3), filling stage (S4), dough stage (S5), and fallow period (S6). 【Result】 The diurnal variation of N2O and CO2 emissions under different nitrogen fertilizers showed a single peak trend. From stage S1 to S6, the peak of N2O emissions appeared in 13:00-19:00, and the peak valley occurred after midnight (0:00-6:00). However, there was no significant difference in CO2 fluxes between observation periods during day or night at the same stage from S2 to S5. In stage S1 and S2, the daytime emissions of N2O and CO2 accounted for 56.2%-82.3% and 53.6%-66.5% of the total emissions of the whole day, respectively. From stage S3 to S5, the ratio of N2O and CO2 emission in the daytime was 40.6%-59.6% and 43.7%-55.4%, respectively. SLN treatment reduced the soil N2O cumulative emission in stage S1, while NIUI treatment reduced the soil N2O cumulative emission at stages S1, S2 and S5, and the emission reduction period was mainly from 4:00-16:00 in the daytime of stage S1 and 12:00 to 22:00 of stage S2, among which the emission reduction from 18:00-19:00 during stage S2 accounts for 57.3% of the total emission reduction period. All time periods of day and night showed the effect of emission reduction in stage S5, and the ratio of emission reduction during day and night was almost the same. The main emission reduction periods of SLN for soil CO2 were the whole day in S1 stage and 15:00-4:00 in S3 stage, among which the emission reduction ratio of 12:00-23:00 during the S1 stage was as high as 76.8%, and the reduction ratio at night during S3 accounted for 68.1% of all emission reduction periods. NIUI treatment showed a reduction effect on CO2 emission in five monitoring days of growing season of maize, but the ratio of day-night emission reduction was different, with an average reduction of 46.9% during the day and a maximum reduction of 73.2%. It was also found that there was an extremely significant positive correlation between the daily mean of N2O and CO2 fluxes, and the observed values of 9:00-10:00 (rN2O=0.938**, rCO2=0.977**). Therefore, 9:00-10:00 could be used as the representative sampling period when conducting long-term greenhouse gas emission research in spring maize fields in Northeast China. 【Conclusion】 The diurnal emission fluxes of soil N2O and CO2 responded differently to various nitrogen fertilizations at different maize growing stages. Compared with conventional nitrogen application, SLN inhibited the soil N2O emission before maize seedling in day and night, and the emission reduction period was mainly between 9:00-22:00. SLN promoted the emission of N2O in day and night in other monitoring days. NIUI inhibited the soil N2O emission during the daytime before maize seedling, the night at the seedling stage, and the harvest stage day and night, while NIUI promoted the soil N2O emission from jointing stage to filling stage. In the whole monitoring day before seedling and the night of the monitoring day at jointing stage, SLN had a reduction effect on soil CO2. NIUI reduced soil CO2 emissions in six monitoring days. Keywords:different nitrogen fertilizers;spring maize field;N2O and CO2 fluxes;day and night emission dynamics
PDF (601KB)元数据多维度评价相关文章导出EndNote|Ris|Bibtex收藏本文 本文引用格式 姚凡云, 刘志铭, 曹玉军, 吕艳杰, 魏雯雯, 吴兴宏, 王永军, 谢瑞芝. 不同类型氮肥对东北春玉米土壤N2O和CO2昼夜排放的影响. 中国农业科学, 2021, 54(17): 3680-3690 doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.17.010 YAO FanYun, LIU ZhiMing, CAO YuJun, LÜ YanJie, WEI WenWen, WU XingHong, WANG YongJun, XIE RuiZhi. Diurnal Variation of N2O and CO2 Emissions in Spring Maize Fields in Northeast China Under Different Nitrogen Fertilizers. Scientia Acricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(17): 3680-3690 doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.17.010
图中S1—S6分别代表苗前、苗期、拔节期、灌浆期、蜡熟期和休闲期。下同 Fig. 1Diurnal variation of air temperature, soil temperature and soil water content in different periods
S1 to S6 in the figure represent pre-emergence stage, seedling stage, jointing stage, filling stage, dough stage and fallow period, respectively. The same as below
图中每个时期从左到右8个长条分别代表从早6:00至次日3:00的8个观测时间。下同 Fig. 4Daily variation of N2O flux difference between SLN and OU (a), or NIUI and OU (b) treatments in different periods (S1 to S6)
The eight bars from left to right in each period represent the eight sampling times from 6:00 am to 3:00 am the next day. The same as below
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