High and Stable Yield of Early Indica Rice Varieties with Double-Season Mechanical Direct Seeding
CHEN LiMing, ZHOU YanZhi, TAN YiQing, WU ZiMing, TAN XueMing, ZENG YongJun, SHI QingHua, PAN XiaoHua, ZENG YanHua,Jiangxi Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/Innovation Center for the Modernization Production of Double Cropping Rice, Nanchang 330045
Abstract 【Objective】 The study aimed to explore the characteristics of high and stable yield of double-season mechanical direct seeding early rice varieties, and to screen out a batch of early indica rice varieties suitable for mechanical direct seeding in Jiangxi double-season rice region, which provided theoretical basis for breeding and cultivation of southern double-season mechanical direct seeding rice varieties.【Method】With 21 early indica rice varieties as experimental materials, artificial mechanical direct seeding was carried out in three different ecological regions of Jiangxi province (North Jiangxi, Central Jiangxi and South Jiangxi). Cluster analysis, combined variance analysis and GGE biplot were used to systematically study the high and stable yield characteristics of double-season mechanical direct seeding early indica rice varieties. 【Result】 The yield of different cultivars was significantly affected by genotype, environment and interaction effect. Cluster analysis of yield of tested varieties in each ecological region showed that high-yield varieties in North, Middle and South Jiangxi accounted for 38.10%, 19.05% and 23.81% of the total, respectively. Tan Liangyou 83 had the highest yield and the best stability, followed by Wufengyou 286 and Zhuliangyou 171 varieties, and Yong 3 Youhua had the lowest yield, while Liangyou 287 had good high yield but poor stable yield. Compared with medium and low yield varieties, the effective panicle, grain number per panicle and total spikelet number of high yield varieties increased significantly, and 1000-grain weight and daily output had significant advantages. It showed better ability of early growth and rapid development. The tiller growth rate, peak seedling number and panicle formation rate were significantly increased, and the tiller decline rate was significantly reduced. Dry matter production at heading stage and maturity stage was significantly higher for high-yield varieties than that for medium and low-yield varieties, and high-yield varieties have significant advantages in dry matter output rate, apparent conversion rate and apparent conversion rate.【Conclusion】Under the condition of machine direct seeding, the early indica rice varieties with high and stable yield had the characteristics of moderate growth period, good early onset, high tillering and ear formation rate, large total spikelet number, large dry matter production after flowering, high dry matter output and transportation efficiency, and high daily output, etc. According to the comprehensive characteristics of various varieties, Tan Liangyou 83, Wu Fengyou 286, Zhu Liangyou 171 and Yong You 9380 had good high yield and stability, and moderate maturity, which was suitable for direct seeding of early rice in Jiangxi double cropping rice region. Keywords：early indica rice;ecological areas;mechanical direct seeding;productivity;stability
PDF (1219KB)元数据多维度评价相关文章导出EndNote|Ris|Bibtex收藏本文 本文引用格式 陈丽明, 周燕芝, 谭义青, 吴自明, 谭雪明, 曾勇军, 石庆华, 潘晓华, 曾研华. 双季机械直播早籼稻品种的丰产性和稳产性[J]. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(2): 261-272 doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.02.004 CHEN LiMing, ZHOU YanZhi, TAN YiQing, WU ZiMing, TAN XueMing, ZENG YongJun, SHI QingHua, PAN XiaoHua, ZENG YanHua. High and Stable Yield of Early Indica Rice Varieties with Double-Season Mechanical Direct Seeding[J]. Scientia Acricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(2): 261-272 doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.02.004
Table 4 表4 表43个生态区各品种稻谷产量及生育期 Table 4Rice grain yield and growth duration of tested combinations in three ecological zones
品种 Variety
产量 Grain yield (t·hm-2)
生育期 Growth stage (d)
鄱阳Poyang
上高Shanggao
兴国Xingguo
平均 Mean
潭两优83 TLY83
7.80±0.31bc
8.31±0.45a
8.52±0.12a
8.21±0.09a
96.7±2.52ij
五丰优286 WFY286
8.00±0.48ab
7.29±0.26ab
8.34±0.08a
7.87±0.25ab
99.3±3.06de
陵两优722 LLY722
7.20±0.38de
7.86±0.64ab
8.47±0.08a
7.84±0.23ab
98.0±4.00fgh
株两优171 ZLY171
7.60±0.20bcd
7.69±1.54ab
8.07±0.17b
7.78±0.51abc
97.7±3.51ghi
柒两优2012 QLY2012
6.54±0.20fgh
7.80±0.35ab
8.42±0.09a
7.59±0.16abcd
98.3±3.06efg
永优9380 YY9380
7.50±0.45cd
7.34±1.20ab
7.81±0.09c
7.55±0.39abcde
102.0±2.65b
陵两优7108 LLY7108
7.17±0.21de
6.94±1.59ab
8.49±0.18a
7.54±0.46abcde
97.7±3.51ghi
两优287 LY287
8.34±0.24a
7.32±0.18ab
6.63±0.13f
7.43±0.10abcde
96.7±2.52ij
株两优39 ZLY39
7.00±0.13ef
7.38±1.12ab
7.86±0.11c
7.42±0.37abcde
97.3±3.06ghij
株两优538 ZLY538
7.50±0.27cd
7.21±0.17ab
7.36±0.08d
7.36±0.12abcde
98.0±2.65fgh
鄱优364 PY364
7.67±0.22bc
6.45±0.77b
7.37±0.10d
7.16±0.25bcde
100.0±2.65cd
优Ⅰ156 YI 156
6.87±0.24ef
6.94±0.29ab
7.33±0.07d
7.05±0.07bcde
101.0±2.65bc
中早25 ZZ25
6.80±0.22efg
6.52±0.86b
7.75±0.09c
7.02±0.35bcde
97.0±3.00hij
株两优819 ZLY819
7.67±0.31bc
7.00±0.77ab
6.24±0.08g
6.97±0.26bcde
96.3±4.51j
长两优39 CLY39
6.34±0.07gh
6.83±1.05ab
7.49±0.14d
6.89±0.30bcde
99.0±2.65def
嘉育948 JY948
7.04±0.19e
6.34±1.52b
6.86±0.14e
6.75±0.41cde
97.0±2.65hij
江早361 JZ361
6.57±0.18fgh
6.29±0.73b
7.35±0.05d
6.74±0.27de
96.7±3.51ij
中早39 ZZ39
6.80±0.24efg
7.26±0.78ab
6.17±0.07g
6.74±0.20de
99.0±2.65def
淦鑫203 GX203
6.37±0.10gh
6.40±1.36b
7.00±0.19e
6.59±0.39de
99.3±3.06de
中嘉早17 ZJZ17
6.17±0.04h
6.89±0.60ab
6.60±0.18f
6.55±0.21de
98.0±2.65fgh
永3优华占 Y3YHZ
7.00±0.15ef
6.22±0.67b
6.32±0.10g
6.51±0.25e
104.3±3.06a
均值 Mean
7.14±0.23
7.06±0.79
7.52±0.11
7.22±0.49
98.2±2.98
变异系数 CV(%)
8.21
8.11
10.47
6.85
2.31
表中数据为平均值±标准误差。同一列中不同小写字母表示在P<0.05水平差异显著。下同 The data in the table are average values±standard error. Different lowercase letters in the same column are significant at P < 0.05. The same as below
Table 5 表5 表53个生态区产量联合方差分析及线性回归 Table 5Pooled ANOVA and liner regression for grain yield date in three ecological zones
变异来源 Source of variation
自由度 df
平方和 SS
均方 MS
F
P
占平方和的 Ss (%)
联合方差 Pooled ANOVA
总变异 Total variation
188
120.67
0.64
—
—
—
处理 Treatment
62
82.08
1.32
4.32
0.0001
68.02a
基因 Genotype (G)
20
43.56
2.18
7.11
0.0001
36.10a
环境 Environment (E)
2
5.29
2.65
8.64
0.0003
4.38a
G×E
40
33.23
0.83
2.71
0.0001
27.54a
误差 Error
126
38.58
0.31
—
—
31.98a
线性回归 Liner regression
联合回归 United regression
1
1.31
1.31
4.29
0.0403
3.96b
基因回归 Genotype regression
19
16.82
0.89
2.89
0.0002
50.61b
环境回归 Environment regression
1
0.71
0.71
2.30
0.1317
2.12b
残差 Residual error
19
14.39
0.76
2.47
0.0015
43.31b
a表示占总平方和的百分比;b表示占G×E交互作用平方和的百分比 In the table, a represents percentage of total sum of squares; b represents the percentage of the sum of squares of G×E interactions
图中的数字表示表3中的品种序号 The numbers in the figure indicate the serial numbers of varieties in Table 3 Fig. 2Analysis of high yield and stable yield of test varieties
Table 6 表6 表6不同产量类型直播早稻产量及其构成 Table 6Yield and composition of direct seeding early rice with different yield types
类型 Type
有效穗 Panicle number (×104·hm-2)
每穗粒数 Grains per panicle
总颖花量 Total spikelet (×104·hm-2)
结实率 Filled grain percentage (%)
千粒重 1000-grain weight (g)
实产 Grain yield (t·hm-2)
日产量 Daily yield (kg·hm-2· d-1)
高产 HY (n=4)
平均值 M
355.05a
137.59a
48908.47a
85.12a
27.37a
7.91a
80.78a
变幅 AV
347.54-371.43
1332.06-147.84
45897.16-54897.48
84.54-85.75
26.01-28.95
7.69-8.31
78.43-85.71
标准差 S
11.11
7.18
4125.39
0.50
1.21
0.27
3.37
变异系数 CV(%)
3.13
5.22
8.43
0.59
4.43
3.44
4.18
中产 MY (n=11)
平均值 M
344.92b
122.37b
41009.07b
84.95a
26.87b
7.13ab
71.82ab
变幅 AV
314.01-346.71
118.86-129.62
3719.51-44944.94
82.15-86.96
25.66-28.66
6.83-7.38
68.29-75.32
标准差 S
10.92
3.43
2346.10
1.79
0.96
0.21
2.50
变异系数 CV(%)
3.26
2.80
5.72
2.11
3.58
2.90
3.48
低产 LY (n=6)
平均值 M
307.93c
116.71c
35765.60c
85.27a
27.08ab
6.35b
63.79b
变幅 AV
303.05-311.33
113.25-118.24
34329.27-36783.06
803.03-87.45
24.84-28.23
6.22-6.52
59.23-67.26
标准差 S
3.04
2.01
956.73
1.71
1.27
0.13
2.59
变异系数 CV(%)
0.99
1.73
2.67
2.01
4.69
2.04
4.07
HY：高产品种;MY：中产品种;LY：低产品种。M：平均值;AV：变幅;S：标准差;CV：变异系数。数据分析为上高试验点的数据。下同 HY：High yield;MY：Middle yield;LY：Low yield. M: Arithmetic mean; AV: Amplitude of variation; S: Standard of deviation; CV: Coefficient of variation. Data analysis for Shanggao test site data. The same as below
HS：抽穗期 Heading stage;MS: 成熟期 Maturity stage;HS-MS：抽穗—成熟 Heading stage- Maturity stage Fig. 3Dry matter accumulation of direct seeding in the early rice
Table 9 表9 表9不同产量类型直播早稻茎鞘物质输出及转化特征 Table 9Output and transformation characteristics of stem dry matter of direct seeding early rice with different yield types
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,江西农业大学/作物生理生态与遗传育种教育部重点实验室/双季稻现代化生产协同创新中心,南昌 330045
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