关键词:小麦品种; 抗白粉病基因; 分子标记; 抗性鉴定 Identification and Molecular Detection of Powdery Mildew Resistance of New Bred Wheat Varieties (Lines) in Henan Province, China CAO Ting-Jie1,2, CHEN Yong-Xing1, LI Dan1, ZHANG Yan1, WANG Xi-Cheng2, ZHAO Hong2, LIU Zhi-Yong1,* 1 Department of Plant Genetics & Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
2 Wheat Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
AbstractThe powdery mildew resistance of 809 (2009-2013) and 412 (2009-2012) new bred wheat varieties (lines) from Henan provincial regional trials was tested using Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici( Bgt) isolates E09 and E20, respectively. Molecular markers linked to powdery mildew resistance genes Pm2, Pm4a, Pm8, and Pm21were used to detect the presence of the individual resistance gene. Among the 908 varieties (lines) inoculated by E09, 199 (21.9%) exhibited resistance. Among the 412 varieties (lines) inoculated by E20, 39 (9.5%) exhibited resistance. Only 15 (3.6%) varieties (lines) showed resistance to both E09 and E20. The 1RS chromatin was detected in 580 out of 908 (63.9%) varieties (lines), indicating the common use of Pm8 or newly developed 1BL/1RS translocation lines in wheat breeding program. Two varieties carried the board spectrum powdery mildew resistance gene Pm21 originating from 6AL/6VS translocation. Eight and two lines might contain the Pm2and Pm4aloci, respectively. Six varieties (lines) seemed to carry at least two powdery mildew resistance genes. Our results indicated that the newly developed wheat varieties (lines) in Henan province are important powdery mildew resistance resources. However, the common use of 1BL/1RS translocations and a few powdery mildew resistance genes has revealed a very narrow genetic diversity of the resistant resource. It is very urgent to introduce new diversified and broad spectrum powdery mildew resistance genes into the commercial wheat breeding program.
Keyword:Wheat varietiey; Resistance gene to powdery mildew; Molecular markers; Resistance identification Show Figures Show Figures
表2 河南小麦新品种(系)对白粉病菌系E09和E20的苗期抗性反应 Table 2 Seedling reactions of Henan wheat varieties (lines) to Bgt isolates E09 and E20
组别 Group
E09
E20
R
S
H
总数 Total
抗病率 R ratio (%)
R
S
H
总数 Total
抗病率 R ratio (%)
2009-2010
春水组 Spring type
12
26
0
38
31.6
1
26
11
38
2.6
冬水组 Winter type
12
25
3
40
30.0
4
29
7
40
10.0
小计 Total
24
51
3
78
30.8
5
55
18
78
6.4
2010-2011
春水组 Spring type
30
64
3
97
30.9
21
67
9
97
21.6
冬水组 Winter type
43
134
8
185
23.2
10
156
19
185
5.4
小计 Total
73
198
11
282
25.9
31
223
28
282
11.0
2011-2012
春水组 Spring type
14
63
1
78
17.9
2
15
2
19
10.5
冬水组 Winter type
26
158
4
188
13.8
1
30
2
33
3.0
小计 Total
40
221
5
266
15.0
3
45
4
52
5.8
2012-2013
春水组 Spring type
23
51
3
77
29.9
—
—
—
—
—
冬水组 Winter type
39
161
5
205
19.0
—
—
—
—
—
小计 Total
63
208
11
282
22.3
—
—
—
—
—
The result of inoculation and identification was classified into resistant (R, IT between 0 and 2), susceptible (S, IT 3 or 4), and segregated (R+S) types. Data are the number of varieties for each type and the percentage of resistant varieties. 接种鉴定结果分为抗病(R, IT介于0~2之间)、感病(S, IT为3或4)和分离(H) 3种类型。表中数据为各类型品种数和抗病品种的百分率。
表2 河南小麦新品种(系)对白粉病菌系E09和E20的苗期抗性反应 Table 2 Seedling reactions of Henan wheat varieties (lines) to Bgt isolates E09 and E20
+ and - represent presence and absence of target genes or 1BL/1RS translocation. R, S, and H represent resistance, susceptibility, and resistance segregation, respectively. +和-分别表示基因或易位系存在和不存在; R, S, H分别表示抗病、感病和抗性分离。
表4 部分对E09和E20具有较好抗性的小麦新品系抗病性鉴定和分子标记检测结果 Table 4 Molecular marker detections of powdery mildew resistance genes in new bred wheat lines and their reaction to Bgt isolates E09 and E20
品系 Line
反应型 Infection type
1BL/1RS
Pm2
Pm4a
Pm21
E09
E20
锦麦8号 Jinmai 8
0
1
-
-
-
-
郑农01059 Zhengnong 01059
0
0;
+
-
-
-
天民198 Tianmin 198
0
1, 4
+
-
-
-
长河24 Changhe 24
0
1, 4
+
-
-
-
偃高006 Yangao 006
0
2, 4
+
-
-
-
偃展03114 Yanzhan 03114
0
3
-
+
-
-
郑麦00314 Zhengmai 00314
0
2, 3
-
-
-
-
邓麦38 Dengmai 38
0
2, 3
+
-
-
-
乐麦598 Lemai 598
0
0
-
-
-
-
智超2号 Zhichao 2
0
0
-
-
-
-
郑品麦7号 Zhengpinmai 7
0
3
+
-
-
-
泰禾621 Taihe 621
0
0
+
-
-
-
优抗6号 Youkang 6
0
1
-
-
-
-
偃亳97 Yanbo 197
0
2
-
-
-
-
春丰0021 Chunfeng 0021
0
2
+
-
-
-
郑麦117 Zhengmai 117
2
2
+
+
-
-
濮科麦9号 Pukemai 9
0
2
+
-
-
-
兰诱1号 Lanyou 1
0
2
+
-
-
-
温麦988 Wenmai 988
0
0;
+
-
-
-
郑育麦518 Zhengyumai 518
0
0; , 4
+
-
-
-
天禾5号 Tianhe 5
0
2, 3
+
-
-
-
国安368 Guo’ an 368
0
2, 4
+
-
-
-
农大1108 Nongda 1108
1
3
+
+
-
-
石郑816 Shizheng 816
1, 4
0; , 4
+
-
-
+
洛麦05095 Luomai 05095
1, 3
2, 3
+
-
-
-
中麦61 Zhongmai 61
0; , 1
4
+
+
-
-
金麦20 Jinmai 20
0
3
-
-
-
-
国麦301 Guomai 301
0
0
-
-
-
+
郑麦107 Zhengmai 107
0
3
+
-
-
-
大路8号 Dalu 8
0
2
+
-
-
-
泛麦5098 Fanmai 5098
0
3
+
-
-
-
华夏5515 Huaxia 5515
0
3
+
-
-
-
中园68 Zhongyuan 68
0
3
+
-
-
-
偃高03710 Yangao 03710
3
0; , 1
+
-
-
-
+ and - indicate the presence and absence of target genes or 1BL/1RS translocation, respectively. +和-分别表示基因或易位系存在和不存在。
表4 部分对E09和E20具有较好抗性的小麦新品系抗病性鉴定和分子标记检测结果 Table 4 Molecular marker detections of powdery mildew resistance genes in new bred wheat lines and their reaction to Bgt isolates E09 and E20
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