| 基于生态评估的新疆玛纳斯县域发展适宜性分析 |
| 杨萍1, 彭羽2, 刘雪华1, 孟鸿雁3, 王斌3 |
| 1. 清华大学 环境学院, 生态学教研所, 北京 100084; 2. 中央民族大学 生命与环境科学学院, 北京 100081; 3. 中国城市规划设计研究院 风景园林规划研究所, 北京 100044 |
| Urban development suitability evaluations based on ecological assessments-A case study of Manasi County, Xinjiang Province |
| YANG Ping1, PENG Yu2, LIU Xuehua1, MENG Hongyan3, WANG Bin3 |
| 1. Institute of Ecology, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; 2. College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China; 3. Institute of Landscape Architecture Planning, Academy of Urban Planning and Design, Beijing 100044, China |
摘要:
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| 摘要生态评估可以确定生态保护的重点区域，为城市规划提供科学参考。该文以新疆玛纳斯县为研究区域，首先根据专家知识和层次分析法，建立了生态敏感性和生态风险评价指标体系，然后在ArcGIS 9.3软件平台进行生态敏感性和生态风险综合评估，最后根据生态评估结果进行了县域发展适宜性分析，并划分了禁建区、限建区和适建区。结果表明：应用专家知识、层次分析法和GIS（geographical information system）进行生态评估，具有可操作性和结果的可靠性；高敏感区、较高敏感区、中度敏感区、低度敏感区和非敏感区分别占研究区域总面积的41.31%、16.17%、16.44%、7.07%和19.01%；高生态风险区主要分布于塔西河乡南部、清水河乡中部和南部，以及广东地乡北部，较高风险区分布于塔西河中下游沿岸、玛纳斯河下游沿岸，其他地区生态风险等级较低；县域发展适宜性较高的区域主要位于玛纳斯镇大部分地区，兰州湾镇及147团场西部地区，北五岔北部，新湖农场，148团场、149团场、150团场东部地区，不适宜发展区域主要位于北部沙漠、南部山区、玛纳斯河和塔西河沿线及湿地区域。 | |||
| 关键词 ：生态评估,地理信息系统,层次分析法,适宜性分析,玛纳斯县 | |||
| Abstract：Ecological assessments are used to identify important areas for ecological protection and to provide scientific support for urban planning. This study took Manasi County, Xinjiang Province, as a case study and constructed an ecological sensitivity and ecological risk criteria system based on expert knowledge and an analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method. The ecological sensitivity and risk assessment was used to evaluate the urban development suitability and to divide the whole area into prohibited construction, restricted construction and appropriate building zones. The process shows that the integrated expert knowledge, AHP data, and GIS data provides an effective ecological assessment method. The Manasi County has 41.31% extremely sensitive areas, 16.17% highly sensitive areas, 16.44% moderately sensitive areas, 7.07% low sensitive areas, and 19.01% non-sensitive areas. The extremely high ecological risk areas are mainly in the southern part of Taxi River County, the middle and southern part of Qingshui River County, and the northern part of Guangdongdi County. The high risk areas are mainly in the upstream and midstream regions of the Manasi and Taxi Rivers. The areas suitable for development are mainly in the towns of Manasi, Lanzhouwan, the western part of the 147 Production and Construction Corps, the northern part of Beiwucha, the western part of Xinhu farm, and the 148, 149 and 150 Production and Construction Corps areas, the low suitability for development areas are mainly in the desert, mountains, and wetlands. | |||
| Key words：ecological assessmentgeographical information system (GIS)analytical hierarchy process (AHP)suitability evaluationManasi County | |||
| 收稿日期: 2013-09-23 出版日期: 2016-08-23 | |||
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| 通讯作者:刘雪华,副教授,E-mail:xuehua-hjx@tsinghua.edu.cnE-mail: xuehua-hjx@tsinghua.edu.cn | |||
| 引用本文: |
| 杨萍, 彭羽, 刘雪华, 孟鸿雁, 王斌. 基于生态评估的新疆玛纳斯县域发展适宜性分析[J]. 清华大学学报（自然科学版）, 2016, 56(8): 865-870. YANG Ping, PENG Yu, LIU Xuehua, MENG Hongyan, WANG Bin. Urban development suitability evaluations based on ecological assessments-A case study of Manasi County, Xinjiang Province. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2016, 56(8): 865-870. |
| 链接本文: |
| http://jst.tsinghuajournals.com/CN/10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2016.25.029或 http://jst.tsinghuajournals.com/CN/Y2016/V56/I8/865 |
图表:
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| 图1 玛纳斯县在新疆的地理位置及下辖区域 |
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| 表1 数据内容和来源 |
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| 表2 玛纳斯县域生态系统敏感性评价指标 |
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| 表3 玛纳斯县域生态风险评价指标 |
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| 图2 生态敏感性分析 |
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| 图3 生态风险分析 |
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| 图4 县域发展适宜性分析 |
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| 图5 县域建设分区 |
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