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西安市新装修公共场所空气污染物浓度分析及健康风险评价

本站小编 Free考研考试/2021-12-31
中文关键词甲醛总挥发性有机物医院银行浓度水平健康风险评价 英文关键词formaldehydetotal volatile organic compounds (TVOC)hospitalbankconcentration levelhealth risk assessment
作者单位E-mail
范洁西安交通大学环境科学与工程系, 西安 71004917506482650@163.com
樊灏西安交通大学环境科学与工程系, 西安 710049
沈振兴西安交通大学环境科学与工程系, 西安 710049zxshen@mail.xjtu.edu.cn
党文鹏陕西云杭环保科技有限公司, 西安 710075
郑伟陕西云杭环保科技有限公司, 西安 710075
王志华陕西云杭环保科技有限公司, 西安 710075
付毅陕西云杭环保科技有限公司, 西安 710075
中文摘要 为了解公共场所室内空气污染现状及健康风险，在2017年12月~2020年7月对西安市区内5类新装修的公共场所（办公室、教室、实验室、银行和医院）进行了空气质量监测及人体健康风险评价.监测的项目包括：甲醛、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙酸正丁酯、乙苯、苯乙烯、正十一烷和总挥发性有机物（TVOC）.结果表明，污染物中甲醛的超标率最高（59.4%），其次为甲苯、TVOC、苯和二甲苯.在5类公共场所中，医院的污染物超标率最高（46.7%），主要超标物为甲醛、苯和甲苯.结果表明，甲醛和TVOC浓度与温、湿度呈现良好的正相关.健康风险评价结果表明，不同场所的人群均存在甲醛和苯的致癌风险，且在银行工作的人群存在较高的甲醛致癌风险，在医院工作的人群存在较高的苯致癌风险.本研究对西安市公共场所室内空气污染水平提供了参考，对相关人群健康风险研究具有重要意义. 英文摘要 In order to understand the levels of indoor air pollution and health risks in public places, our research group conducted air quality monitoring and human health risk assessments for five types of public places (offices, classrooms, laboratories, banks, and hospitals) in Xi'an City from December 2017 to July 2020. The test items included formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, xylene, n-butyl acetate, ethylbenzene, styrene, n-undecane, and total volatile organic compounds (TVOC). The results showed that formaldehyde had the highest exceedance rate (59.4%), followed by toluene, TVOC, benzene, and xylene. Among the five types of public places, hospitals had the highest rate of pollutants exceeding the standard (46.7%), and the main pollutants exceeding the standard were formaldehyde, benzene, and toluene. The results showed that the concentrations of formaldehyde and TVOC were positively correlated with temperature and humidity. The health risk assessment results showed that there were carcinogenic risks of formaldehyde and benzene in different places; people working in banks had a higher risk of formaldehyde carcinogenesis, and those working in hospitals had a higher risk of benzene carcinogenesis. This study provides a reference for the level of indoor air pollution in public places in Xi'an City, and is of great significance to the health risk research of related populations.

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相关话题/陕西 西安交通大学 环境科学 医院 健康

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