黄国勇,,
应光国,
方贵桢,
谢凌天
华南师范大学环境学院;广东省化学品污染与环境安全重点实验室;环境理论化学教育部重点实验室, 广州 510006
作者简介: 丘舒晴(1997-),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为塑料浸出物的生态毒性,E-mail:2019023437@m.scnu.edu.cn.
通讯作者: 黄国勇,guoyong.huang@m.scnu.edu.cn ;
基金项目: 广东省自然科学基金资助项目（2021A1515011566）；广东省省科技计划项目（2019B030301008）中图分类号: X171.5
Environmental Behaviors and Ecological Effects of Marine Plastic Litter
Qiu Shuqing,Huang Guoyong,,
Ying Guangguo,
Fang Guizhen,
Xie Lingtian
School of Environment, South China Normal University;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety;MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
Corresponding author: Huang Guoyong,guoyong.huang@m.scnu.edu.cn ;
CLC number: X171.5
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摘要:海洋塑料污染是一个全球性问题。塑料垃圾作为海洋塑料污染物之一，对其研究和认识还不全面。本文在总结国内外相关研究基础上，综述了海洋塑料垃圾的来源与分布、降解、添加剂浸出、附着海洋生物和吸附污染物等环境行为，以及其生物效应（缠绕海洋动物和被海洋动物摄食）。根据海洋塑料垃圾的研究现状，未来应加强测定方法、塑料浸出物的毒性效应、潜在污染物、生态效应评价方法和污染防治政策等方面的研究。
关键词: 塑料垃圾/
降解/
浸出物/
附着物/
吸附物/
缠绕/
摄食
Abstract:Marine plastic pollution has become a global environmental issue in recent years. Plastic litter is one of marine plastic pollutants, but our understanding of plastic litter has so far been limited. Here we reviewed current literature from China and overseas, and summarized the present knowledge on the environmental behaviors of marine plastic litter including its sources and distribution, degradation, leaching of additives, attachment and adsorption, as well as its biological effects (entanglement and ingestion). Based on the current status, it is proposed that future research directions should include the measurement methods, toxic effects of leachate, potential pollutants, and evaluation of ecological effects as well as pollution prevention measures.
Key words:marine plastic litter/
degradation/
leachate/
attachment/
adsorption/
entanglement/
ingestion.
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