) 1西南财经大学中国行为经济与行为金融研究中心, 成都 611130
2深圳大学心理学院, 深圳 518060
收稿日期:2020-05-03出版日期:2021-01-25发布日期:2020-11-24通讯作者:张丹丹E-mail:zhangdd05@gmail.com基金资助:* 国家自然科学基金(31970980);深圳市基础研究自由探索项目(JCYJ20180305124305294);深港脑科学创新研究院(2019SHIBS0003);教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目支持(16XJA790004)The brain mechanism of explicit and implicit processing of emotional prosodies: An fNIRS study
LEI Zhen1, BI Rong2, MO Licheng2, YU Wenwen2, ZHANG Dandan1,2() 1China Center for Behavioral Economics and Finance & School of Economics, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu 611130, China
2College of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
Received:2020-05-03Online:2021-01-25Published:2020-11-24Contact:ZHANG Dandan E-mail:zhangdd05@gmail.com摘要/Abstract
摘要： 准确识别言语中的情绪韵律信息对社会交往非常重要。本研究采用功能近红外成像技术, 探索外显和内隐情绪加工条件下愤怒、恐惧、快乐三种情绪韵律加工过程中的大脑皮层神经活动。结果表明, 对愤怒、恐惧、快乐韵律进行特异性加工的脑区分别为左侧额极/眶额叶、右侧缘上回、左侧额下回, 其中右侧缘上回脑区同时受到情绪和任务的调控。此外, 右侧颞中回、颞下回和颞极在情绪外显任务中的激活明显强于内隐任务。本研究的结果部分支持了情绪韵律的层次模型, 也对该模型的第三层次, 即“额区对语音情绪信息的精细加工需要外显性情绪加工任务参与”提出了质疑。
图/表 6
图1NIRS通道排布图
图1NIRS通道排布图表1实验中37个NIRS通道的空间配准信息
| 通道 | 发射器-探测器 | MNI坐标 | Brodmann分区及脑区重合度* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| x | y | z | |||
| 1 | Fp1-Fpz | -10 | 68 | -5 | 10 - Frontopolar area (0.62) |
| 2 | Fp1-AF3 | -25 | 66 | 4 | 10 - Frontopolar area (1.00) |
| 3 | Fp1-AF7 | -32 | 62 | -8 | 10 - Frontopolar area (0.58) 11 - Orbitofrontal area (0.42) |
| 4 | AFz-Fpz | 3 | 66 | 11 | 10 - Frontopolar area (1.00) |
| 5 | AFz-AF3 | -12 | 65 | 20 | 10 - Frontopolar area (1.00) |
| 6 | AFz-AF4 | 16 | 65 | 20 | 10 - Frontopolar area (1.00) |
| 7 | F5-AF7 | -46 | 48 | 0 | 10 - Frontopolar area (0.46) 47 - Inferior prefrontal gyrus (0.34) |
| 8 | F5-F7 | -52 | 39 | 0 | 47 - Inferior prefrontal gyrus (0.62) |
| 9 | F5-FC5 | -56 | 27 | 16 | 45 - pars triangularis, part of Broca’s area (0.64) |
| 10 | FT7-F7 | -57 | 21 | -13 | 38 - Temporopolar area (0.68) |
| 11 | FT7-FC5 | -61 | 8 | 2 | 22 - Superior temporal gyrus (0.61) |
| 12 | FT7-T7 | -66 | -7 | -14 | 21 - Middle temporal gyrus (1.00) |
| 13 | C5-FC5 | -64 | -2 | 24 | 6 - Pre-motor and supplementary motor cortex (0.67) |
| 14 | C5-T7 | -68 | -17 | 8 | 42 - Primary and auditory association cortex (0.51) |
| 15 | C5-CP5 | -66 | -30 | 28 | 40 - Supramarginal gyrus, part of Wernicke’s area (0.73) |
| 16 | TP7-T7 | -69 | -31 | -9 | 21 - Middle temporal gyrus (1.00) |
| 17 | TP7-CP5 | -67 | -44 | 11 | 22 - Superior temporal gyrus (0.92) |
| 18 | TP7-P7 | -64 | -55 | -4 | 21 - Middle temporal gyrus (0.58) 37 - Fusiform gyrus (0.42) |
| 19 | P5-CP5 | -60 | -56 | 28 | 40 - Supramarginal gyrus, part of Wernicke’s area (0.58) |
| 20 | P5-P7 | -58 | -68 | 13 | 39 - Angular gyrus, part of Wernicke’s area (0.42) |
| 21 | Fp2-Fpz | 14 | 68 | -5 | 10 - Frontopolar area (0.66) |
| 22 | Fp2-AF4 | 28 | 66 | 4 | 10 - Frontopolar area (1.00) |
| 23 | Fp2-AF8 | 35 | 63 | -8 | 10 - Frontopolar area (0.63) |
| 24 | F6-AF8 | 49 | 48 | 1 | 10 - Frontopolar area (0.45) |
| 25 | F6-F8 | 54 | 39 | 1 | 47 - Inferior prefrontal gyrus (0.56) |
| 26 | F6-FC6 | 58 | 25 | 16 | 45 - pars triangularis, part of Broca’s area (0.69) |
| 27 | FT8-F8 | 59 | 21 | -12 | 38 - Temporopolar area (0.62) |
| 28 | FT8-FC6 | 63 | 7 | 3 | 22 - Superior temporal gyrus (0.63) |
| 29 | FT8-T8 | 67 | -7 | -12 | 21 - Middle temporal gyrus (1.00) |
| 30 | C6-FC6 | 66 | -3 | 24 | 6 - Pre-motor and supplementary motor cortex (0.66) |
| 31 | C6-T8 | 70 | -17 | 8 | 42 - Primary and auditory association cortex (0.50) |
| 32 | C6-CP6 | 67 | -30 | 28 | 40 - Supramarginal gyrus, part of Wernicke’s area (0.78) |
| 33 | TP8-T8 | 70 | -30 | -9 | 21 - Middle temporal gyrus (0.98) |
| 34 | TP8-CP6 | 68 | -43 | 11 | 22 - Superior temporal gyrus (0.92) |
| 35 | TP8-P8 | 64 | -54 | -4 | 37 - Fusiform gyrus (0.54) 21 - Middle temporal gyrus (0.46) |
| 36 | P6-CP6 | 61 | -56 | 28 | 40 - Supramarginal gyrus, part of Wernicke’s area (0.61) |
| 37 | P6-P8 | 57 | -67 | 13 | 39 - Angular gyrus, part of Wernicke’s area (0.54) |
表1实验中37个NIRS通道的空间配准信息
| 通道 | 发射器-探测器 | MNI坐标 | Brodmann分区及脑区重合度* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| x | y | z | |||
| 1 | Fp1-Fpz | -10 | 68 | -5 | 10 - Frontopolar area (0.62) |
| 2 | Fp1-AF3 | -25 | 66 | 4 | 10 - Frontopolar area (1.00) |
| 3 | Fp1-AF7 | -32 | 62 | -8 | 10 - Frontopolar area (0.58) 11 - Orbitofrontal area (0.42) |
| 4 | AFz-Fpz | 3 | 66 | 11 | 10 - Frontopolar area (1.00) |
| 5 | AFz-AF3 | -12 | 65 | 20 | 10 - Frontopolar area (1.00) |
| 6 | AFz-AF4 | 16 | 65 | 20 | 10 - Frontopolar area (1.00) |
| 7 | F5-AF7 | -46 | 48 | 0 | 10 - Frontopolar area (0.46) 47 - Inferior prefrontal gyrus (0.34) |
| 8 | F5-F7 | -52 | 39 | 0 | 47 - Inferior prefrontal gyrus (0.62) |
| 9 | F5-FC5 | -56 | 27 | 16 | 45 - pars triangularis, part of Broca’s area (0.64) |
| 10 | FT7-F7 | -57 | 21 | -13 | 38 - Temporopolar area (0.68) |
| 11 | FT7-FC5 | -61 | 8 | 2 | 22 - Superior temporal gyrus (0.61) |
| 12 | FT7-T7 | -66 | -7 | -14 | 21 - Middle temporal gyrus (1.00) |
| 13 | C5-FC5 | -64 | -2 | 24 | 6 - Pre-motor and supplementary motor cortex (0.67) |
| 14 | C5-T7 | -68 | -17 | 8 | 42 - Primary and auditory association cortex (0.51) |
| 15 | C5-CP5 | -66 | -30 | 28 | 40 - Supramarginal gyrus, part of Wernicke’s area (0.73) |
| 16 | TP7-T7 | -69 | -31 | -9 | 21 - Middle temporal gyrus (1.00) |
| 17 | TP7-CP5 | -67 | -44 | 11 | 22 - Superior temporal gyrus (0.92) |
| 18 | TP7-P7 | -64 | -55 | -4 | 21 - Middle temporal gyrus (0.58) 37 - Fusiform gyrus (0.42) |
| 19 | P5-CP5 | -60 | -56 | 28 | 40 - Supramarginal gyrus, part of Wernicke’s area (0.58) |
| 20 | P5-P7 | -58 | -68 | 13 | 39 - Angular gyrus, part of Wernicke’s area (0.42) |
| 21 | Fp2-Fpz | 14 | 68 | -5 | 10 - Frontopolar area (0.66) |
| 22 | Fp2-AF4 | 28 | 66 | 4 | 10 - Frontopolar area (1.00) |
| 23 | Fp2-AF8 | 35 | 63 | -8 | 10 - Frontopolar area (0.63) |
| 24 | F6-AF8 | 49 | 48 | 1 | 10 - Frontopolar area (0.45) |
| 25 | F6-F8 | 54 | 39 | 1 | 47 - Inferior prefrontal gyrus (0.56) |
| 26 | F6-FC6 | 58 | 25 | 16 | 45 - pars triangularis, part of Broca’s area (0.69) |
| 27 | FT8-F8 | 59 | 21 | -12 | 38 - Temporopolar area (0.62) |
| 28 | FT8-FC6 | 63 | 7 | 3 | 22 - Superior temporal gyrus (0.63) |
| 29 | FT8-T8 | 67 | -7 | -12 | 21 - Middle temporal gyrus (1.00) |
| 30 | C6-FC6 | 66 | -3 | 24 | 6 - Pre-motor and supplementary motor cortex (0.66) |
| 31 | C6-T8 | 70 | -17 | 8 | 42 - Primary and auditory association cortex (0.50) |
| 32 | C6-CP6 | 67 | -30 | 28 | 40 - Supramarginal gyrus, part of Wernicke’s area (0.78) |
| 33 | TP8-T8 | 70 | -30 | -9 | 21 - Middle temporal gyrus (0.98) |
| 34 | TP8-CP6 | 68 | -43 | 11 | 22 - Superior temporal gyrus (0.92) |
| 35 | TP8-P8 | 64 | -54 | -4 | 37 - Fusiform gyrus (0.54) 21 - Middle temporal gyrus (0.46) |
| 36 | P6-CP6 | 61 | -56 | 28 | 40 - Supramarginal gyrus, part of Wernicke’s area (0.61) |
| 37 | P6-P8 | 57 | -67 | 13 | 39 - Angular gyrus, part of Wernicke’s area (0.54) |
表2情绪主效应结果
| 通道 | 脑区 | F | p* | 愤怒β值 | 恐惧β值 | 快乐β值 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 | L Frontopolar/orbitofrontal area | 12.51 | 0.001 | 0.21 ± 0.20 | 0.12 ± 0.23 | 0.06 ± 0.20 |
| 9 | L pars triangularis/Broca’s area | 24.24 | < 0.001 | 0.10 ± 0.16 | 0.10 ± 0.15 | 0.21 ± 0.15 |
| 32 | R Supramarginal gyrus | 12.48 | 0.001 | 0.10 ± 0.56 | 0.36 ± 0.51 | 0.11 ± 0.45 |
表2情绪主效应结果
| 通道 | 脑区 | F | p* | 愤怒β值 | 恐惧β值 | 快乐β值 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 | L Frontopolar/orbitofrontal area | 12.51 | 0.001 | 0.21 ± 0.20 | 0.12 ± 0.23 | 0.06 ± 0.20 |
| 9 | L pars triangularis/Broca’s area | 24.24 | < 0.001 | 0.10 ± 0.16 | 0.10 ± 0.15 | 0.21 ± 0.15 |
| 32 | R Supramarginal gyrus | 12.48 | 0.001 | 0.10 ± 0.56 | 0.36 ± 0.51 | 0.11 ± 0.45 |
图2不同脑区在情绪和任务条件中的激活(仅显示出现显著效应的通道)。图中的errorbar表示均值的标准误。
图2不同脑区在情绪和任务条件中的激活(仅显示出现显著效应的通道)。图中的errorbar表示均值的标准误。
图3脑区激活的成像图。
图3脑区激活的成像图。表3任务主效应结果
| 通道 | 脑区 | F | p* | 内隐β值 | 外显β值 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 27 | R Temporopolar area | 11.62 | 0.004 | 0.04 ± 0.36 | 0.32 ± 0.42 |
| 28 | R Superior temporal gyrus | 26.17 | < 0.001 | 0.05 ± 0.45 | 0.37 ± 0.43 |
| 29 | R Middle temporal gyrus | 15.84 | 0.003 | -0.03 ± 0.49 | 0.34 ± 0.53 |
表3任务主效应结果
| 通道 | 脑区 | F | p* | 内隐β值 | 外显β值 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 27 | R Temporopolar area | 11.62 | 0.004 | 0.04 ± 0.36 | 0.32 ± 0.42 |
| 28 | R Superior temporal gyrus | 26.17 | < 0.001 | 0.05 ± 0.45 | 0.37 ± 0.43 |
| 29 | R Middle temporal gyrus | 15.84 | 0.003 | -0.03 ± 0.49 | 0.34 ± 0.53 |
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