), 郑晓洁, 夏桂芝, 刘迪迪, 陈翩, 张文新 山东师范大学心理学院, 济南 250358
收稿日期:2019-01-21出版日期:2019-08-25发布日期:2019-06-24通讯作者:王美萍E-mail:wangmeiping@sdnu.edu.cn基金资助:* 国家自然科学基金青年项目(31500899);国家自然科学基金面上项目(31671156)Association between negative life events and early adolescents’ depression: The moderating effects of Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) Gene Val158Met polymorphism and parenting behavior
WANG Meiping(), ZHENG Xiaojie, XIA Guizhi, LIU Didi, CHEN Pian, ZHANG Wenxin School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China
Received:2019-01-21Online:2019-08-25Published:2019-06-24Contact:WANG Meiping E-mail:wangmeiping@sdnu.edu.cn摘要/Abstract
摘要： 采用环境×基因×环境(E×G×E)研究设计, 以637名青少年为被试, 考察了负性生活事件、COMT基因Val158Met多态性和父母教养行为对青少年早期抑郁的影响。结果发现：负性生活事件对青少年早期抑郁具有显著正向预测作用, 且COMT基因Val158Met多态性和父亲积极教养行为在其中起调节作用, 但该调节作用仅存在于男青少年群体中：在携带Val/Val基因型的男青少年中, 当父亲积极教养行为水平较低时, 青少年的抑郁水平随负性生活事件的增多而显著上升, 当父亲积极教养行为水平较高时, 负性生活事件对抑郁无显著预测作用; 在携带Met等位基因的男青少年中, 上述交互作用不显著。
图/表 4
表1主要变量的描述统计量及相关分析结果
| 变量 | 年级 | 性别 | Val158Met | 负性生活事件 | 积极教养 | 消极教养 | 抑郁 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 年级 | 1 | 0.04 | -0.03 | 0.02 | -0.09* | -0.05 | 0.10* |
| 性别 | 0.04 | 1 | -0.07 | -0.07 | 0.05 | -0.14*** | 0.08* |
| Val158Met | -0.03 | -0.07 | 1 | -0.02 | -0.03 | 0.05 | -0.01 |
| 负性生活事件 | 0.02 | -0.07 | -0.02 | 1 | -0.29*** | 0.33*** | 0.53*** |
| 积极教养 | -0.10** | 0.03 | 0.00 | -0.29*** | 1 | -0.45*** | -0.35*** |
| 消极教养 | -0.07 | -0.09* | 0.02 | 0.41*** | -0.44*** | 1 | 0.34*** |
| 抑郁 | 0.10* | 0.08* | -0.01 | 0.53*** | -0.34*** | 0.40*** | 1 |
| M | - | - | - | 1.08 | 3.80/3.69 | 1.55/1.50 | 1.79 |
| SD | - | - | - | 0.69 | 0.91/0.96 | 0.77/0.76 | 0.54 |
表1主要变量的描述统计量及相关分析结果
| 变量 | 年级 | 性别 | Val158Met | 负性生活事件 | 积极教养 | 消极教养 | 抑郁 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 年级 | 1 | 0.04 | -0.03 | 0.02 | -0.09* | -0.05 | 0.10* |
| 性别 | 0.04 | 1 | -0.07 | -0.07 | 0.05 | -0.14*** | 0.08* |
| Val158Met | -0.03 | -0.07 | 1 | -0.02 | -0.03 | 0.05 | -0.01 |
| 负性生活事件 | 0.02 | -0.07 | -0.02 | 1 | -0.29*** | 0.33*** | 0.53*** |
| 积极教养 | -0.10** | 0.03 | 0.00 | -0.29*** | 1 | -0.45*** | -0.35*** |
| 消极教养 | -0.07 | -0.09* | 0.02 | 0.41*** | -0.44*** | 1 | 0.34*** |
| 抑郁 | 0.10* | 0.08* | -0.01 | 0.53*** | -0.34*** | 0.40*** | 1 |
| M | - | - | - | 1.08 | 3.80/3.69 | 1.55/1.50 | 1.79 |
| SD | - | - | - | 0.69 | 0.91/0.96 | 0.77/0.76 | 0.54 |
表2抑郁对青少年的负性生活事件、COMT基因Val158Met多态性与父亲教养行为的分层回归分析
| 变量 | 男(n = 344) | 女(n = 293) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔR2 | β | p | p (i) | ΔR2 | β | p | p (i) | |
| 模型1 | ||||||||
| 第一层: 年级 | 0.177 | 0.052 | 0.243 | 0.028 | 0.213 | 0.148 | 0.001 | 0.010 |
| 父亲消极教养 | 0.179 | 0.001 | 0.010 | 0.166 | 0.002 | 0.014 | ||
| 第二层：负性生活事件 | 0.150 | 0.399 | 0.000 | 0.001 | 0.216 | 0.483 | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Val158Met | 0.023 | 0.607 | 0.042 | -0.025 | 0.591 | 0.042 | ||
| 父亲积极教养 | -0.144 | 0.006 | 0.015 | -0.116 | 0.029 | 0.020 | ||
| 第三层：负性生活事件×Val158Met | 0.006 | 0.000 | 0.993 | 0.049 | 0.003 | -0.009 | 0.855 | 0.047 |
| 负性生活事件×父亲积极教养 | -0.121 | 0.011 | 0.016 | 0.027 | 0.576 | 0.041 | ||
| Val158Met ×父亲积极教养 | 0.000 | 0.999 | 0.050 | 0.041 | 0.394 | 0.034 | ||
| 第四层：负性生活事件×Val158Met×父亲积极教养 | 0.024 | 0.163 | 0.001 | 0.010 | 0.000 | -0.015 | 0.755 | 0.045 |
| 模型2 | ||||||||
| 第一层: 年级 | 0.130 | 0.036 | 0.424 | 0.035 | 0.143 | 0.151 | 0.001 | 0.010 |
| 父亲积极教养 | -0.135 | 0.011 | 0.016 | -0.119 | 0.022 | 0.019 | ||
| 第二层：负性生活事件 | 0.196 | 0.377 | 0.000 | 0.001 | 0.286 | 0.479 | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Val158Met | 0.026 | 0.562 | 0.040 | -0.030 | 0.523 | 0.039 | ||
| 父亲消极教养 | 0.208 | 0.000 | 0.001 | 0.165 | 0.002 | 0.014 | ||
| 第三层：负性生活事件×Val158Met | 0.010 | 0.053 | 0.287 | 0.030 | 0.003 | -0.003 | 0.957 | 0.049 |
| 负性生活事件×父亲消极教养 | 0.053 | 0.254 | 0.028 | -0.042 | 0.359 | 0.033 | ||
| Val158Met ×父亲消极教养 | -0.086 | 0.082 | 0.024 | -0.033 | 0.514 | 0.038 | ||
| 第四层：负性生活事件×Val158Met×父亲消极教养 | 0.003 | -0.052 | 0.256 | 0.029 | 0.002 | 0.047 | 0.306 | 0.031 |
表2抑郁对青少年的负性生活事件、COMT基因Val158Met多态性与父亲教养行为的分层回归分析
| 变量 | 男(n = 344) | 女(n = 293) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔR2 | β | p | p (i) | ΔR2 | β | p | p (i) | |
| 模型1 | ||||||||
| 第一层: 年级 | 0.177 | 0.052 | 0.243 | 0.028 | 0.213 | 0.148 | 0.001 | 0.010 |
| 父亲消极教养 | 0.179 | 0.001 | 0.010 | 0.166 | 0.002 | 0.014 | ||
| 第二层：负性生活事件 | 0.150 | 0.399 | 0.000 | 0.001 | 0.216 | 0.483 | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Val158Met | 0.023 | 0.607 | 0.042 | -0.025 | 0.591 | 0.042 | ||
| 父亲积极教养 | -0.144 | 0.006 | 0.015 | -0.116 | 0.029 | 0.020 | ||
| 第三层：负性生活事件×Val158Met | 0.006 | 0.000 | 0.993 | 0.049 | 0.003 | -0.009 | 0.855 | 0.047 |
| 负性生活事件×父亲积极教养 | -0.121 | 0.011 | 0.016 | 0.027 | 0.576 | 0.041 | ||
| Val158Met ×父亲积极教养 | 0.000 | 0.999 | 0.050 | 0.041 | 0.394 | 0.034 | ||
| 第四层：负性生活事件×Val158Met×父亲积极教养 | 0.024 | 0.163 | 0.001 | 0.010 | 0.000 | -0.015 | 0.755 | 0.045 |
| 模型2 | ||||||||
| 第一层: 年级 | 0.130 | 0.036 | 0.424 | 0.035 | 0.143 | 0.151 | 0.001 | 0.010 |
| 父亲积极教养 | -0.135 | 0.011 | 0.016 | -0.119 | 0.022 | 0.019 | ||
| 第二层：负性生活事件 | 0.196 | 0.377 | 0.000 | 0.001 | 0.286 | 0.479 | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Val158Met | 0.026 | 0.562 | 0.040 | -0.030 | 0.523 | 0.039 | ||
| 父亲消极教养 | 0.208 | 0.000 | 0.001 | 0.165 | 0.002 | 0.014 | ||
| 第三层：负性生活事件×Val158Met | 0.010 | 0.053 | 0.287 | 0.030 | 0.003 | -0.003 | 0.957 | 0.049 |
| 负性生活事件×父亲消极教养 | 0.053 | 0.254 | 0.028 | -0.042 | 0.359 | 0.033 | ||
| Val158Met ×父亲消极教养 | -0.086 | 0.082 | 0.024 | -0.033 | 0.514 | 0.038 | ||
| 第四层：负性生活事件×Val158Met×父亲消极教养 | 0.003 | -0.052 | 0.256 | 0.029 | 0.002 | 0.047 | 0.306 | 0.031 |
表3抑郁对青少年的负性生活事件、COMT基因Val158Met多态性与母亲教养行为的分层回归分析
| 变量 | 男(n = 344) | 女(n = 293) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔR2 | β | p | p (i) | ΔR2 | β | p | p (i) | |
| 模型1 | ||||||||
| 第一层: 年级 | 0.176 | 0.045 | 0.329 | 0.031 | 0.284 | 0.171 | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| 母亲消极教养 | 0.191 | 0.001 | 0.010 | 0.230 | 0.000 | 0.001 | ||
| 第二层：负性生活事件 | 0.138 | 0.381 | 0.000 | 0.001 | 0.168 | 0.430 | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Val158Met | 0.033 | 0.463 | 0.036 | -0.022 | 0.626 | 0.043 | ||
| 母亲积极教养 | -0.120 | 0.021 | 0.018 | -0.119 | 0.021 | 0.018 | ||
| 第三层：负性生活事件×Val158Met | 0.006 | 0.030 | 0.530 | 0.040 | 0.006 | -0.031 | 0.518 | 0.038 |
| 负性生活事件×母亲积极教养 | -0.085 | 0.070 | 0.023 | 0.057 | 0.212 | 0.027 | ||
| Val158Met ×母亲积极教养 | -0.016 | 0.734 | 0.044 | 0.037 | 0.431 | 0.035 | ||
| 第四层：负性生活事件×Val158Met×母亲积极教养 | 0.008 | 0.090 | 0.053 | 0.022 | 0.000 | -0.013 | 0.781 | 0.046 |
| 模型2 | ||||||||
| 第一层: 年级 | 0.104 | 0.043 | 0.347 | 0.032 | 0.170 | 0.170 | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| 母亲积极教养 | -0.105 | 0.041 | 0.021 | -0.122 | 0.016 | 0.017 | ||
| 第二层：负性生活事件 | 0.209 | 0.372 | 0.000 | 0.001 | 0.282 | 0.427 | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Val158Met | 0.032 | 0.477 | 0.037 | -0.018 | 0.685 | 0.044 | ||
| 母亲消极教养 | 0.212 | 0.000 | 0.001 | 0.228 | 0.000 | 0.001 | ||
| 第三层：负性生活事件×Val158Met | 0.013 | 0.065 | 0.200 | 0.026 | 0.007 | -0.044 | 0.384 | 0.033 |
| 负性生活事件×母亲消极教养 | 0.089 | 0.053 | 0.002 | -0.071 | 0.116 | 0.025 | ||
| Val158Met ×母亲消极教养 | -0.067 | 0.183 | 0.026 | 0.009 | 0.854 | 0.047 | ||
| 第四层：负性生活事件×Val158Met×母亲消极教养 | 0.006 | -0.079 | 0.084 | 0.024 | 0.000 | 0.006 | 0.892 | 0.048 |
表3抑郁对青少年的负性生活事件、COMT基因Val158Met多态性与母亲教养行为的分层回归分析
| 变量 | 男(n = 344) | 女(n = 293) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔR2 | β | p | p (i) | ΔR2 | β | p | p (i) | |
| 模型1 | ||||||||
| 第一层: 年级 | 0.176 | 0.045 | 0.329 | 0.031 | 0.284 | 0.171 | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| 母亲消极教养 | 0.191 | 0.001 | 0.010 | 0.230 | 0.000 | 0.001 | ||
| 第二层：负性生活事件 | 0.138 | 0.381 | 0.000 | 0.001 | 0.168 | 0.430 | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Val158Met | 0.033 | 0.463 | 0.036 | -0.022 | 0.626 | 0.043 | ||
| 母亲积极教养 | -0.120 | 0.021 | 0.018 | -0.119 | 0.021 | 0.018 | ||
| 第三层：负性生活事件×Val158Met | 0.006 | 0.030 | 0.530 | 0.040 | 0.006 | -0.031 | 0.518 | 0.038 |
| 负性生活事件×母亲积极教养 | -0.085 | 0.070 | 0.023 | 0.057 | 0.212 | 0.027 | ||
| Val158Met ×母亲积极教养 | -0.016 | 0.734 | 0.044 | 0.037 | 0.431 | 0.035 | ||
| 第四层：负性生活事件×Val158Met×母亲积极教养 | 0.008 | 0.090 | 0.053 | 0.022 | 0.000 | -0.013 | 0.781 | 0.046 |
| 模型2 | ||||||||
| 第一层: 年级 | 0.104 | 0.043 | 0.347 | 0.032 | 0.170 | 0.170 | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| 母亲积极教养 | -0.105 | 0.041 | 0.021 | -0.122 | 0.016 | 0.017 | ||
| 第二层：负性生活事件 | 0.209 | 0.372 | 0.000 | 0.001 | 0.282 | 0.427 | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Val158Met | 0.032 | 0.477 | 0.037 | -0.018 | 0.685 | 0.044 | ||
| 母亲消极教养 | 0.212 | 0.000 | 0.001 | 0.228 | 0.000 | 0.001 | ||
| 第三层：负性生活事件×Val158Met | 0.013 | 0.065 | 0.200 | 0.026 | 0.007 | -0.044 | 0.384 | 0.033 |
| 负性生活事件×母亲消极教养 | 0.089 | 0.053 | 0.002 | -0.071 | 0.116 | 0.025 | ||
| Val158Met ×母亲消极教养 | -0.067 | 0.183 | 0.026 | 0.009 | 0.854 | 0.047 | ||
| 第四层：负性生活事件×Val158Met×母亲消极教养 | 0.006 | -0.079 | 0.084 | 0.024 | 0.000 | 0.006 | 0.892 | 0.048 |
图1负性生活事件、COMT基因Val158Met多态性与父亲积极教养行为对男青少年抑郁的交互作用
图1负性生活事件、COMT基因Val158Met多态性与父亲积极教养行为对男青少年抑郁的交互作用参考文献 47
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