) 1 华东师范大学心理与认知科学学院, 上海 200062
2 温州医科大学精神医学学院, 浙江 温州 325035
收稿日期:2018-07-31出版日期:2019-07-15发布日期:2019-05-22通讯作者:熊哲宏E-mail:zhxiong@psy.ecnu.edu.cnFrom the view of game theory: A new model for hyperscanning multi-subject interaction paradigm
BEI Litian1, JIANG Ke2, LI Xianchun1, XIONG Zhehong1() 1 School of Psychological and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
2 School of Psychiatry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Zhejiang 325035, China
Received:2018-07-31Online:2019-07-15Published:2019-05-22Contact:XIONG Zhehong E-mail:zhxiong@psy.ecnu.edu.cn摘要/Abstract
摘要： 超扫描指同时记录多个被试脑活动, 以探索其社会互动脑机制的研究手段。从博弈论视角, 可区分超扫描任务中的冲突、合作与协作三类任务, 分离已有研究中未严格界定的“协作”与“合作”概念, 为超扫描研究的多人互动范式建立新模型。任务所包含协作因素的多少, 与任务是否涉及心理理论功能是影响个体脑间活动同步现象的重要条件。未来研究可结合进化博弈论等理论模型, 进一步探索合作与协作行为的差异及规范形成的心理与神经机制。
图/表 4
图1头尾游戏的决策与收益矩阵：“Heads”与“Tails”分别代表选择头与尾的决策; 表格中数字代表两名个体在不同决策情形下所获收益
图1头尾游戏的决策与收益矩阵：“Heads”与“Tails”分别代表选择头与尾的决策; 表格中数字代表两名个体在不同决策情形下所获收益
图2囚徒博弈的决策与收益矩阵：C (cooperation)、D (Defection)分别代表合作与背叛策略; 表格中的数字代表两名个体在不同决策情形下所得收益
图2囚徒博弈的决策与收益矩阵：C (cooperation)、D (Defection)分别代表合作与背叛策略; 表格中的数字代表两名个体在不同决策情形下所得收益
图3国际象棋的收益矩阵：表格中的数字代表了两名个体的收益情形
图3国际象棋的收益矩阵：表格中的数字代表了两名个体的收益情形表1博弈论视角下的超扫描多人社会互动任务模型
| 互动方式/任务类型 | 协作任务 | 合作任务 | 冲突任务 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 同时型互动任务 | 联合按键 手势与节奏同步 合奏、合唱 言语交流 手势猜词 表情与眼神交流 | / | 竞争条件下的协作任务 (竞争条件下的联合按键) |
| 回合型互动任务 | 棋盘游戏 积木游戏 视觉搜索任务 盲人驾驶任务 电子桌球游戏 | 囚徒博弈 斗鸡博弈 信任博弈 独裁者博弈 最后通牒博弈 | 竞争条件下的协作任务 (竞争条件下的棋盘游戏、积木游戏、视觉搜索、桌球游戏等) 猜物游戏 沙牌游戏 |
| 高生态效度下的实时互动任务 | 模拟飞行 医护-患者互动 课堂教学 无领导小组讨论 | / | / |
表1博弈论视角下的超扫描多人社会互动任务模型
| 互动方式/任务类型 | 协作任务 | 合作任务 | 冲突任务 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 同时型互动任务 | 联合按键 手势与节奏同步 合奏、合唱 言语交流 手势猜词 表情与眼神交流 | / | 竞争条件下的协作任务 (竞争条件下的联合按键) |
| 回合型互动任务 | 棋盘游戏 积木游戏 视觉搜索任务 盲人驾驶任务 电子桌球游戏 | 囚徒博弈 斗鸡博弈 信任博弈 独裁者博弈 最后通牒博弈 | 竞争条件下的协作任务 (竞争条件下的棋盘游戏、积木游戏、视觉搜索、桌球游戏等) 猜物游戏 沙牌游戏 |
| 高生态效度下的实时互动任务 | 模拟飞行 医护-患者互动 课堂教学 无领导小组讨论 | / | / |
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