), 郭小东 重庆工商大学管理学院, 重庆 400067
收稿日期:2017-10-31出版日期:2018-12-15发布日期:2018-10-30通讯作者:田喜洲E-mail:tianxizhou@ctbu.edu.cn作者简介:刘美玲和田喜洲同为第一作者。基金资助:*国家自然科学基金面上项目(71872023);重庆市社科规划项目(2016WT39);重庆市研究生“创新型科研项目”(CYS17248)Character strengths and their consequences
LIU Meiling, TIAN Xizhou(), GUO Xiaodong Chongqing Technology & Business University, Chongqing 400067, China;
Received:2017-10-31Online:2018-12-15Published:2018-10-30Contact:TIAN Xizhou E-mail:tianxizhou@ctbu.edu.cn摘要/Abstract
摘要： 品格优势是积极心理学中的一个核心概念, 具体指通过认知、情感和行为反映出来的一组积极人格特质, 也是促进个体身心健康与幸福感, 缓解抑郁与压力的良好资源。通过实验干预等方法的研究表明, 品格优势对个体(积极体验、身心健康、员工创造力、工作呼唤)和组织(工作绩效、领导力、组织有效性)均能产生积极的影响。不过, 目前品格优势与积极构念的关系研究较多, 而品格优势要素之间及其与才干优势之间的关系研究很少, 研究方法也较为单一。未来研究应重点关注以上问题。
图/表 2
表1品格优势的干预研究
| 作者 | 干预方式/群体/内容 | 干预设计 | 干预结果 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 课程干预, 使大学生发现并运用品格优势 | 干预前/后, 干预完成6周, 进行开放式访谈并测试 | 积极认知/情感/行为显著提升 | |
| 网上培训, 使成人识别并在工作中运用显著优势 | 干预前/后, 干预完成1/6个月后测试 | 工作呼唤、生活满意度提升 | |
| 自我管理; 使成人/老人识别并运用品格优势 | 干预前/后, 干预完成1/3/6个月后完成在线测量并反馈 | 幸福感增加, 抑郁感降低 | |
| 选修课程干预, 使本科生运用显著优势 | 干预前/干预完成9/18周测试 | 生活满意度增加 | |
| 课程干预, 帮小学生培养并发现新的品格优势 | 干预前, 干预6个月后完成访谈 | 生活满意度、幸福感增加 | |
| 干预练习, 使大学生运用品格优势 | 干预3/6个月后测试 | 自尊心、自我效能感增加 | |
| 自我管理; 使成人识别并运用显著优势 | 干预前/后, 干预完成1周/1/3/6个月后测试 | 幸福感增加, 抑郁感降低 |
表1品格优势的干预研究
| 作者 | 干预方式/群体/内容 | 干预设计 | 干预结果 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 课程干预, 使大学生发现并运用品格优势 | 干预前/后, 干预完成6周, 进行开放式访谈并测试 | 积极认知/情感/行为显著提升 | |
| 网上培训, 使成人识别并在工作中运用显著优势 | 干预前/后, 干预完成1/6个月后测试 | 工作呼唤、生活满意度提升 | |
| 自我管理; 使成人/老人识别并运用品格优势 | 干预前/后, 干预完成1/3/6个月后完成在线测量并反馈 | 幸福感增加, 抑郁感降低 | |
| 选修课程干预, 使本科生运用显著优势 | 干预前/干预完成9/18周测试 | 生活满意度增加 | |
| 课程干预, 帮小学生培养并发现新的品格优势 | 干预前, 干预6个月后完成访谈 | 生活满意度、幸福感增加 | |
| 干预练习, 使大学生运用品格优势 | 干预3/6个月后测试 | 自尊心、自我效能感增加 | |
| 自我管理; 使成人识别并运用显著优势 | 干预前/后, 干预完成1周/1/3/6个月后测试 | 幸福感增加, 抑郁感降低 |
图1品格优势的影响结果
图1品格优势的影响结果参考文献 98
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