), 辛自强1 1中央财经大学社会与心理学院心理学系, 北京 100081
2 北京师范大学心理学部, 北京 100875
收稿日期:2017-05-02出版日期:2018-10-15发布日期:2018-08-27通讯作者:窦东徽E-mail:psychaos@126.com基金资助:*国家社会科学基金重大项目(17ZDA325);“我国公民财经素养指数建构与数据库建设”The effect of construal levels on self-control
ZHANG Yue1,2, DOU Donghui1(), XIN Ziqiang1 1 Department of Psychology at School of Sociology and Psychology, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing 100081, China
2 Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
Received:2017-05-02Online:2018-10-15Published:2018-08-27Contact:DOU Donghui E-mail:psychaos@126.com摘要/Abstract
摘要： 解释水平理论认为自我控制是人们依据对事件整体的高解释水平方式而非局部的低解释水平方式做出决策和完成任务。对时间折扣、坚持和健康行为以及前瞻性自我控制的研究表明高解释水平会促进自我控制。高解释水平是通过改变对诱惑的加工(包含对诱惑的态度和诱惑的激活模式)来促进自我控制, 但这种促进作用会受到目标和任务属性(重要性、难度、效价、完成时间和呈现方式)以及解释水平线索属性(外显和内隐)的调节。解释水平理论视角下的自我控制研究可以拓宽自我控制双系统理论和资源理论的视野, 如提供可能的边界条件和认知机制。未来研究还需要深入挖掘解释水平影响自我控制的内在机制和生理基础, 重视心理距离的影响以及加强对自控能力的长期追踪研究。
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