) 陕西师范大学心理学院暨陕西省行为与认知神经科学重点实验室, 西安 710062
收稿日期:2017-04-14出版日期:2018-08-15发布日期:2018-07-02通讯作者:李瑛E-mail:liying@snnu.edu.cn基金资助:国家社会科学基金教育学青年课题(CCA110105);陕西师范大学教师教育研究专项(JSJY2017006)Quantum models for decision making
XIN Xiaoyang, XU Chenhong, CHEN Hongyu, LI Ying() School of psychology, Shaanxi Normal University & Key Laboratory of behavioral and cognitive neuroscience of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710062, China
Received:2017-04-14Online:2018-08-15Published:2018-07-02Contact:LI Ying E-mail:liying@snnu.edu.cn摘要/Abstract
摘要： 近10年以来, 一些****基于量子理论研究思想与方法探索出了量子决策模型。由于该模型独特的理论结构, 它可被用于解释传统决策理论所难以解释的问题, 尤其是个体在不确定情况下的决策行为。该模型解释了诸如分离效应、分类决策的干涉效应以及合取谬误等传统决策模型很难解释的问题, 研究者已经证实其中一种称为量子问题等式的决策模型可以精确地预测决策中的顺序效应。作为一个有助于分析心理学中决策现象的新研究领域, 量子决策模型具有深入研究的理论意义和实践意义。
图/表 6
图1薛定谔的猫
图1薛定谔的猫
图2双缝衍射路径简图
图2双缝衍射路径简图表1分类-决策实验的部分实验结果(资料来源：Busemeyer & Bruza, 2012)
| C-then-D | D-alone | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| p (G) | p (A|G) | p (B) | p (A|B) | pT(A) | p (A) |
| 0.17 | 0.41 | 0.83 | 0.63 | 0.59 | 0.69 |
表1分类-决策实验的部分实验结果(资料来源：Busemeyer & Bruza, 2012)
| C-then-D | D-alone | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| p (G) | p (A|G) | p (B) | p (A|B) | pT(A) | p (A) |
| 0.17 | 0.41 | 0.83 | 0.63 | 0.59 | 0.69 |
图3分类决策实验的路径简图
图3分类决策实验的路径简图
图4Linda问题的几何投影解释图(注：彩图见电子版)
图4Linda问题的几何投影解释图(注：彩图见电子版)
图5量子问题等式统计结果图(资料来源：Busemeyer & Wang, 2015)
图5量子问题等式统计结果图(资料来源：Busemeyer & Wang, 2015)参考文献 47
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