) 1南京师范大学心理学院, 南京 210097
2南京晓庄学院幼儿师范学院, 南京 211171
收稿日期:2017-06-06出版日期:2018-08-15发布日期:2018-07-02通讯作者:蔡厚德E-mail:caihoude@163.com基金资助:国家社科基金教育学一般项目(BHA170130)Neural mechanisms underlying dynamic changes of active maternal behavior in rodents
ZHANG Yifan1, QI Xingliang2, CAI Houde1,2() 1 School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China
2 College of Preschool Education, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, China
Received:2017-06-06Online:2018-08-15Published:2018-07-02Contact:CAI Houde E-mail:caihoude@163.com摘要/Abstract
摘要： 主动母性行为是雌性哺乳动物在哺乳期内有效照料幼崽的一种动机行为, 对幼崽的生存和行为发展有重要影响。证据显示, 啮齿动物的主动母性行为会经历从产后早期的发动和维持到晚期衰退的动态改变, 反映了雌鼠对幼崽奖赏价值阶段性变化的适应; 这一过程不仅涉及分娩激素事件开启下丘脑内侧视前区(MPOA)-中脑腹侧被盖(VTA)-伏隔核(NA)-腹侧苍白球(VP)通路, 还需要杏仁核基底外侧核(BLA)和内侧前额皮层(MPFC)等脑区对上述通路进行实时调节。哺乳期主动母性行为动态改变及其神经机制的研究, 可以加深对行为进化和早期发展的认识, 也对人类母亲产后抑郁等临床问题的干预有借鉴意义。本文首先利用条件化位置偏好(CPP)任务的行为学证据分析幼崽奖赏价值与主动母性行为动态改变的关系; 然后系统阐述调控这一动态改变的神经机制; 最后对未来需要研究的一些重要问题或方向进行探讨。
图/表 1
图1主动母性行为动态改变的神经通路机制注： (A) 产后早期 (发动); (B) 产后早期 (维持); (C) 产后晚期 (衰退)。实线段表示神经投射的功能增强, 虚线段表示神经投射的功能减弱; 末端为箭头的线段为兴奋性投射, 末端为圆点的线段为抑制性投射; 线段上的小圆圈处标注神经投射的递质类型; 虚线椭圆表示VP中可以被强化的神经回路。Amygdala=杏仁核; MeA/CA=杏仁核内侧核/皮质核; BLA=杏仁核基底外侧核; MPFC=内侧前额皮层; IL=边缘下区; PrL=边缘前区; Hypothalamus=下丘脑; PVN=室旁核; MPOA=内侧视前区; VTA=中脑腹侧被盖; NA=伏隔核; VP=腹侧苍白球; MSN=中型多棘神经元; DA=多巴胺; GLU=谷氨酸; GABA= γ-氨基丁酸; OT=催产素; OTR=催产素受体。
图1主动母性行为动态改变的神经通路机制注： (A) 产后早期 (发动); (B) 产后早期 (维持); (C) 产后晚期 (衰退)。实线段表示神经投射的功能增强, 虚线段表示神经投射的功能减弱; 末端为箭头的线段为兴奋性投射, 末端为圆点的线段为抑制性投射; 线段上的小圆圈处标注神经投射的递质类型; 虚线椭圆表示VP中可以被强化的神经回路。Amygdala=杏仁核; MeA/CA=杏仁核内侧核/皮质核; BLA=杏仁核基底外侧核; MPFC=内侧前额皮层; IL=边缘下区; PrL=边缘前区; Hypothalamus=下丘脑; PVN=室旁核; MPOA=内侧视前区; VTA=中脑腹侧被盖; NA=伏隔核; VP=腹侧苍白球; MSN=中型多棘神经元; DA=多巴胺; GLU=谷氨酸; GABA= γ-氨基丁酸; OT=催产素; OTR=催产素受体。参考文献 63
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