The Degradation Characteristics of Different Plastic Films and Their Effects on Maize Yield in Semi-Arid Area in Western Liaoning
FENG Chen,1,2, FENG LiangShan1,2, LIU Qi3, LI HaoRu3, ZHENG JiaMing1,2, YANG Ning1,2, BAI Wei1,2, ZHANG Zhe1,2, SUN ZhanXiang,1,21Institute of Crop Cultivation and Farming System, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161 2National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment, Fuxin 123100, Liaoning 3Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081
Abstract 【Objective】This study clarified the degradation characteristics of degradable mulching films and their effects on maize yield in semi-arid area in western Liaoning, which may provide a basis for regional screening and application of degradable plastic films. 【Method】A field study combined with laboratory analysis was conducted in National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment in Fuxin, with three treatments, including conventional plastic film mulching (T1), additive degradation film mulching (T2) and biodegradable film mulching (T3). Through 2 years of field experiment, the regular field observation and sampling analysis were carried out to determine the maize yield under different mulching treatments. By using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), the surface morphology, mechanical properties and chemical structure of the mulching film were measured. The degradation process and degree of different types of mulching film in semi-arid area in western Liaoning were systematically analyzed. 【Result】There was no significant difference in maize yield among different treatments, and T2 and T3 had similar degradation process, in which T2 and T3 all showed cracks from the 38th day after mulching and significant degradation from the 58th day after mulching. The degradation process under T3 treatment was generally faster than that under T2 treatment, while the conventional plastic film showed almost no degradation. As plastic film degraded, the water vapor transmittance of degradable plastic film increased significantly, while the mechanical properties (tensile load, tensile strength and elongation at break) decreased significantly. The micro-structure and chemical structure of plastic film surface changed remarkably, while these indexes of conventional plastic film did not change significantly. The water vapor transmission capacity of different plastic film was in the order of T3>>T2>T1, while the mechanical properties was in order of T1>T2>T3, and the change of micro-structure of plastic film on the 98th day after mulching was in the order of T3>T2>T1, which were consistent with the field observation results and the corresponding physical indexes of mulching film. The degradation rates under T2 and T3 were 37.4% and 47.8%, respectively. The small and medium sizes of 4 cm2 and 4-25 cm2 were predominant. 【Conclusion】Biodegradable plastic film mulching could guarantee maize yield, achieve self-degradation and reduce plastic film residue. In terms of yield, degradation characteristics and residual rate, PBAT biodegradable plastic film was more feasible to replace common plastic film for maize mulching cultivation in semi-arid areas in western Liaoning. Keywords:conventional plastic film;degradable plastic film;yield;degradation characteristics;residual rate
PDF (2390KB)元数据多维度评价相关文章导出EndNote|Ris|Bibtex收藏本文 本文引用格式 冯晨, 冯良山, 刘琪, 李昊儒, 郑家明, 杨宁, 白伟, 张哲, 孙占祥. 辽西半干旱区不同类型地膜降解特性及其对玉米产量的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2021, 54(9): 1869-1880 doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.09.005 FENG Chen, FENG LiangShan, LIU Qi, LI HaoRu, ZHENG JiaMing, YANG Ning, BAI Wei, ZHANG Zhe, SUN ZhanXiang. The Degradation Characteristics of Different Plastic Films and Their Effects on Maize Yield in Semi-Arid Area in Western Liaoning[J]. Scientia Acricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(9): 1869-1880 doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.09.005
不同大写字母表示不同地膜处理之间差异显著(P<0.05),不同小写字母表示不同时期之间差异显著(P<0.05) Fig. 3Comparison of water vapor transmission and mechanical properties of different plastic films in different periods
Different uppercase letters indicate significant difference among different plastic film treatments at 0.05 level. Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among different period at 0.05 level
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