Effects of Mowing Disturbance on Grassland Plant Functional Groups and Diversity in Leymus chinensis Meadow Steppe
YAN RuiRui1, ZHANG Yu1, XIN XiaoPing,1, WEI ZhiJun2, Wuren qiqige3, GUO MeiLan41Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hulunber Grassland Ecosystem Research Station, Beijing 100081 2 College of Grassland and Resources Environmental, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019 3Hulunber College/Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Key Laboratory of Meadow Grassland Ecosystem and Global Change, Hailar 021008, Inner Mongolia 4School of Life Sciences, Jining Teachers College, Wulanchabu 012000, Inner Mongolia
Abstract 【Objective】 Mowing is one of the main utilization methods of grassland, and plant functional groups and community species diversity are important ecological indicators for evaluating the degradation of grassland ecosystem under interference conditions. The plant functional groups and diversity in Leymus chinensis meadow grassland under different mowing were studied to understand the change process and mechanism of grassland functional groups and diversity, so as to provide a theoretical basis for ecological restoration of degraded mowing grassland. 【Method】 Taking the Hulunber Leymus chinensis meadow steppe as the experimental platform, the community vegetation was investigated by the sample method in the season with the most vigorous plant growth from 2014 to 2018 (early August of every year). The changes of community function groups and species diversity, as well as the interaction between different cutting time and cutting treatments, were analyzed under the conditions of annual cutting (G1), biennial cutting (G2), missed cutting 10 m (G3), missed cutting 10 m (G4) and control (CK), and the correlation between plant function groups and community species diversity was discussed. 【Result】 It was found that Leymus chinensis was the dominant species under different cutting systems, but with the increase of cutting frequency, the important value of Leymus chinensis decreased gradually, and the important value of the degraded indicator species such as Potentilla acaulis and Thermopsis lanceolate increased. The important values of leymus chinensis, Cleistogenes squarrosa, Adenophora stenanthina, Bupleurum scorzonerifolium and Poa ratensis were higher than those of other treatments. The proportion of important values of gramineae and leguminous plants decreased under annual and perennial mowing treatment, and the proportion of compositae and sedge plants increased, which were mostly degraded plants. After mowing treatment for 5 years, the species diversity index of plant communities under different mowing systems increased, among which shannon-wiener diversity index and Simpson dominance index increased significantly under the treatment of 10 m of mowed zone. The change trend of evenness index of 5 mowed treatments was different, among which, the evenness of community of G3 and G4 treated grassland showed an increasing trend, increasing by 16% and 5.8%, respectively. The evenness index under G1, G2 and CK grassland decreased, among which G1 decreased the most (by 1.8%), followed by CK (by 1.6%), and G2 grassland decreased the least. According to the change analysis of plant community species diversity index, it was found that the plant community species diversity was improved after 5 years of different mowing treatments and 10 m of missed mowing treatments. There was a significant negative correlation between community species diversity index and important values of plant functional group of Gramineae, and a significant positive correlation between community species diversity index and important values of Ranunculaceae and Compositae. 【Conclusion】 Long-term and high-frequency mowing would lead to grassland degradation, and long-term non-utilization of grassland would also lead to retrograde succession of grassland. Mowing every two years and a missed cut zone of 10 m could alleviate the decrease of the proportion of dominant plants such as Gramineae in the community and promote the increase of the proportion of Ranunculaceae. After five years of different mowing treatment, the community diversity of mowing treatment with 10 m mowing zone was improved, that is, moderate mowing disturbance to the grassland (two-year mowing and missed cut 10m) was conducive to the sustainable development of the grassland. Keywords:mowing;mowing system;Leymus chinensis meadow steppe;plant functional groups;community species biodiversity
PDF (1536KB)元数据多维度评价相关文章导出EndNote|Ris|Bibtex收藏本文 本文引用格式 闫瑞瑞, 张宇, 辛晓平, 卫智军, 乌仁其其格, 郭美兰. 刈割干扰对羊草草甸草原植物功能群及多样性的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(13): 2573-2583 doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.13.006 YAN RuiRui, ZHANG Yu, XIN XiaoPing, WEI ZhiJun, Wuren qiqige, GUO MeiLan. Effects of Mowing Disturbance on Grassland Plant Functional Groups and Diversity in Leymus chinensis Meadow Steppe[J]. Scientia Acricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(13): 2573-2583 doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.13.006
Table 1 表1 表1不同刈割干扰下羊草草甸草原植物重要值变化 Table 1Change of important value of plants in Leymus chinensis meadow steppe under different mowing disturbance
种名 Species
G1
G2
G3
G4
CK
羊草 Leymus chinensis
30.71
36.43
30.98
31.63
30.56
裂叶蒿 Artemisia laciniata
18.14
0.00
7.98
2.90
1.77
蓬子菜 Galium verum
4.86
1.09
5.69
6.22
3.62
长柱沙参 Adenophora stenanthina
4.03
4.76
4.20
5.91
3.13
寸草苔Carex duriuscula
3.70
6.37
3.14
6.33
3.13
披针叶黄华Thermopsis lanceolata
3.40
1.85
6.68
4.37
2.13
展枝唐松草Thalictrum squarrosum
3.16
1.36
6.95
6.81
6.02
羽茅Achnatherum sibiricum
3.12
0.00
2.05
1.33
3.75
洽草Koeleria cristata
2.80
1.16
5.59
0.68
0.45
柴胡Bupleurum scorzonerifolium
2.60
7.59
4.13
6.26
4.83
山葱Veratrum nigrum
2.42
0.00
0.00
0.00
4.37
山韭Allium thunbergii
2.37
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.65
广布野豌豆Vicia cracca
2.37
1.17
0.48
0.79
1.00
无芒雀麦Bromus inermis
1.79
0.81
1.47
0.00
0.00
贝加尔针茅Stipa baicalensis
1.63
1.37
1.53
0.00
2.19
线叶菊Filifolium sibiricum
1.56
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
山野豌豆Vicia amoena
1.32
0.92
3.49
1.32
0.58
扁蓿豆Medicago falcata
1.13
0.00
0.87
3.02
0.77
狗舌草Tephroseris kirilowii
1.10
0.39
0.00
1.15
0.00
石竹Dianthus chinensis
1.09
0.00
1.24
0.00
7.55
细叶白头翁Pulsatilla turczaninovii
1.03
8.70
0.00
0.00
0.79
二裂委陵菜Potentilla bifurca
1.01
6.28
1.32
3.47
3.59
苦荬菜Ixeris polycephala
0.92
0.62
0.00
0.00
1.14
防风Saposhnikovia divaricata
0.86
0.00
0.33
0.40
1.11
地榆Sanguisorba officinalis
0.75
0.00
1.82
0.37
4.54
早熟禾Poa sphondylodes
0.70
2.51
2.70
2.92
1.54
双齿葱Allium bidentatum
0.55
2.05
0.47
0.73
0.21
野韭Allium ramosum
0.43
0.00
0.00
0.42
0.66
飞蓬Erigeron acer
0.42
1.25
0.00
1.99
0.60
糙隐子草Cleistogenes squarrosa
0.00
2.82
0.88
1.56
0.52
细叶韭Allium tenuissimum
0.00
2.23
0.40
1.11
0.63
鸦葱Scorzonera austriaca
0.00
1.99
0.00
0.88
0.78
多裂叶荆芥Schizonepeta multifida
0.00
1.31
0.00
0.00
0.26
细叶百合Lilium pumilum
0.00
1.13
0.00
0.00
0.00
黄蒿Artemisia scoparia
0.00
1.00
3.18
0.00
1.17
柳穿榆Linaria vulgaris
0.00
0.79
0.39
0.00
1.14
驴蹄草Caltha palustris
0.00
0.24
0.00
0.98
0.00
狭叶青蒿Artemisia dracunculus
0.00
0.00
1.68
3.01
0.98
星毛委陵菜Potentilla acaulis
0.00
0.00
0.36
1.65
0.00
红茎委陵菜Potentilla nudicaulis
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.42
0.00
囊花鸢尾Iris ventricosa
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.03
东北大戟Euphorbia manschurica
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.52
山柳菊Hieracium krameri
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
G1:一年一割;G2:两年一割;G3:漏割带10 m;G4:漏割带5 m;CK:对照。下同 G1: One year castration; G2: Two years castration; G3: Missed cut with 10 m; G4: Missed cut with 5 m; CK: Control. The same as below
Table 2 表2 表2不同刈割干扰下羊草草甸草原植物功能群重要值交互分析 Table 2Interactive analysis of important values of plant functional groups in Leymus chinensis meadow steppe under mowing disturbance
功能群Function
影响因素 Factor
F
显著性Sig.
禾本科Gramineae
年际Interannual
9.309
<0.001***
处理Treatment
3.681
0.011*
年际×处理Interannual×Treatment
1.504
0.136
豆科Leguminosae
年际Interannual
7.342
<0.001***
处理Treatment
1.01
0.412
年际×处理Interannual×Treatment
1.758
0.066
毛茛科Ranunculaceae
年际Interannual
2.258
0.076
处理Treatment
1.857
0.133
年际×处理Interannual×Treatment
1.254
0.263
菊科Asteraeeae
年际Interannual
1.093
0.370
处理Treatment
0.821
0.518
年际×处理Interannual×Treatment
0.991
0.481
莎草科Cyperaceae
年际Interannual
5.933
<0.001***
处理Treatment
1.098
0.368
年际×处理Interannual×Treatment
2.242
0.015*
其他科Other family
年际Interannual
5.134
0.002**
处理Treatment
0.819
0.519
年际×处理Interannual×Treatment
0.735
0.745
*表示0.05水平上显著(P<0.05);**表示0.01水平上显著(P<0.01);***表示0.001水平上显著(P<0.001) * means significant at the level of 0.05 (P<0.05); ** means significant at the 0.01 level (P<0.01); *** indicates significant at the 0.001 level (P<0.001)
不同大写字母表示多样性指数在不同处理间差异显著(P<0.05),不同小写字母表示多样性指数在不同年际间差异显著(P<0.05) Fig. 4Interannual variation of community species diversity under different castration treatments
Different capital letters indicate significant difference of diversity index under different treatments (P<0.05), while lowercase letters indicate significant difference of diversity index between different years (P<0.05)
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