Weed Identification in Maize Field Based on Multi-Spectral Remote Sensing of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
ZHAO Jing1,2, LI ZhiMing1,2, LU LiQun2,3, JIA Peng1,2, YANG HuanBo1,2, LAN YuBin,1,21 School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, Shandong 2 International Research Center of Precision Agriculture Aviation Application Technology, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, Shandong 3 School of Transportation and Vehicle Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, Shandong
Abstract 【Objective】In order to reduce the application rate of herbicides and to make the maize planting management more effective, the accurate identification of weeds in maize fields was investigated based on multi-spectral remote sensing of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). 【Method】In this paper, a Red Edge-M multi-spectral camera was mounted in a six-rotor UAV to acquire five single-band images of blue, green, red, red edge, and near-infrared, and the application was taken in Zibo, Shandong province, China to acquire multi-spectral images of a maize field in July 14, 2018. In order to separate the vegetation and non-vegetation pixels in the image, 7 vegetation indices were calculated, the OTSU method was used to obtain the non-vegetation area, and the multi-spectral image was masked. Then multi-spectral image was transformed by principal component analysis, retaining the first three principal component bands with the most information. The experimental region was divided into 3 training areas and 1 verification area. 675 maize and 525 weed samples were selected in the training areas to train the supervised classification model, and 240 maize and 160 weed samples were selected in the verification area to evaluate model classification accuracy. The 7 vegetation indices, 24 texture features of the 3 principal component bands and 10 reflectivity of multi-spectral image bands which were filtered, and a total of 41 features were taken as features of maize and weed. Support vector machines-feature recursive elimination (SVM-RFE) algorithm and Relief algorithm were applied to selecting 14 features from 41 features to constitutes a feature subset separately, and supervised classification for weed detection was performed using support vector machine (SVM), K-nearest neighbor (KNN), Cart decision tree (Cart), random forest (RF) and artificial neural network (ANN) .【Result】SVM and RF performed a better classification with all features and SVM-RFE & Relief feature subsets. The overall accuracy of SVM was 89.13%-91.94%, Kappa>0.79, and overall accuracy of random forest was 89.27%-90.95%, Kappa>0.79.【Conclusion】 SVM-RFE feature selection algorithm was better than the Relief feature algorithm for reducing the original features. SVM model had the highest classification accuracy for identification of weed and maize at regional canopy scales. Keywords:weed identification;UAV remote sensing;multi-spectral image;feature selection;supervised classification
PDF (4433KB)元数据多维度评价相关文章导出EndNote|Ris|Bibtex收藏本文 本文引用格式 赵静, 李志铭, 鲁力群, 贾鹏, 杨焕波, 兰玉彬. 基于无人机多光谱遥感图像的玉米田间杂草识别[J]. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(8): 1545-1555 doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.08.005 ZHAO Jing, LI ZhiMing, LU LiQun, JIA Peng, YANG HuanBo, LAN YuBin. Weed Identification in Maize Field Based on Multi-Spectral Remote Sensing of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle[J]. Scientia Acricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(8): 1545-1555 doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.08.005
a. 验证区全部特征RF、SVM、ANN分类结果;b. 验证区Relief特征子集RF、SVM、ANN分类结果;c. 验证区SVM—RFE特征子集RF、SVM、ANN分类结果 Fig. 4Classification result of verified regions
a. RF, SVM & ANN classification results of all features in validation area; b. RF, SVM & ANN classification results of Relief subset in validation area; c. RF, SVM & ANN classification results of SVM-RFE subset in validation area
Table 5 表5 表5验证区域使用全部特征混淆矩阵 Table 5Confusion matrix of verify area with all features
WENG LY . Status of corn production in China and its countermeasures Food and Nutrition in China, 2010(1):22-25. (in Chinese) [本文引用: 1]
LOUARGANTM, VILLETTES, JONESG, VIGNEAUN, PAOLIJ, GéEC . Weed detection by UAV: Simulation of the impact of spectral mixing in multispectral images , 2017,18:932-951. [本文引用: 1]
Shandong Provincial Department of Agricultural and Rural Affairs. Shandong province issued the action plan for zero increase of pesticide use in Shandong province by 2020 Shandong Pesticide News, 2015(4):13-14. (in Chinese) [本文引用: 1]
ZHOU ZY, MINGR, ZANGY, HE XG, LUO XW, LAN YB . Development status and countermeasures of agricultural aviation in China Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2017,33(20):1-13. (in Chinese) [本文引用: 1]
LAN YB . Current status and future prospects of precision agricultural aviation technology Agricultural Engineering Technology, 2017,37(30):27-30. (in Chinese) [本文引用: 1]
HE DJ, HEY, LI MZ, HONG TS, WANG CH, SONGS, LIU YG . Research progress of information science-related problems in precision agriculture Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China, 2011,25(1):10-16. (in Chinese) [本文引用: 1]
LAN YB, WANG GB . China's plant protection drone industry development overview and development prospects Agricultural Engineering Technology, 2018,38(9):17-27. (in Chinese) [本文引用: 1]
SHIZ, LIANG ZZ, YANG YY, GUOY . Status and prospect of agricultural remote sensing Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2015,46(2):247-260. (in Chinese) [本文引用: 1]
JIN XJ, CHENY, SUN YX . Research advances of weed identification in agricultural fields Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research, 2011,33(7):23-27. (in Chinese) [本文引用: 1]
MAO WH, ZHANG YQ, WANGH, ZHAOB, ZHANG XC . Advance techniques and equipments for real-time weed detection Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2013,44(1):190-195. (in Chinese) [本文引用: 1]
DENG XW, QIL, MAX, JIANGY, CHEN XS, LIU YH, CHEN WF . Recognition of weeds at seedling stage in paddy fields using multi-feature fusion and deep belief networks Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2018,34(14):165-172. (in Chinese) [本文引用: 1]
SUNJ, HE XF, TAN WJ, WU XH, SHEN JF, LUH . Recognition of crop seedling and weed recognition based on dilated convolution and global pooling in CNN Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2018,34(11):159-165. (in Chinese) [本文引用: 1]
HE DJ, QIAO YL, LIP, GAOZ, LI HY, TANG JL . Weed recognition based on SVM-DS multi-feature fusion Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2013,44(2):182-187. (in Chinese) [本文引用: 1]
PAN RR, LUO YF, WANGC, ZHANGC, HEY, FENGL . Classifications of oilseed rape and weeds based on hyperspectral imaging Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2017,37(11):3567-3572. (in Chinese) [本文引用: 1]
WANG HH, ZHU MT, LIL, WANG LY, ZHAO HY, MEI SL . Regional weed identification method from wheat field based on unmanned aerial vehicle image and shearlets Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2017,33(S1):99-106. (in Chinese) [本文引用: 1]
XIAOW, RENH, Lü XJ, YAN HY, SUN SR . Vegetation classification by using UAV remote sensing in coal mining subsidence wetland with high ground-water level Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2019,50(2):177-186. (in Chinese) [本文引用: 1]
NOBUYUKIO . A threshold selection method from gray-level histograms , 1979,1(1):62-66. [本文引用: 1]
SUN BF, ZHAOH, CHEN LC, SHU SF, YEC, LI YD . Identification of ecosystems based on vegetation indices selection algorithm and decision tree Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2019,50(6):194-200. (in Chinese) [本文引用: 1]
LIUC, YANG GJ, LI ZH, TANG FQ, WANG JW, ZHANG CL, ZHANG LY . Biomass estimation in winter wheat by UAV spectral information and texture information fusion Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2018,51(16):3060-3073. (in Chinese) [本文引用: 1]
ROUSE JW, HAAS RW, SCHELL JA, DEERING DW, HARLAN JC . Monitoring the vernal advancement and retrogradation (Greenwave effect) of natural vegetation Final Rep. RSC 1978-4 , 1974. [本文引用: 1]
JORDAN CF . Derivation of leaf-area index from quality of light on the forest floor , 1969,50:663-666. [本文引用: 1]
PEARSON RL, MILLER LD . Remote mapping of standing crop biomass for estimation of the productivity of the short-grass prairie , 1972: 1357-1381. [本文引用: 1]
HUETE AR . A soil-adjusted vegetation index (SAVI) , 1988,25:295-309. [本文引用: 1]
RONDEAUXG, STEVENM, BARETF . Optimization of soil- adjusted vegetation indices , 1996,55:95-107. [本文引用: 1]
GITELSON AA, KAUFMAN YJ, MERZLYAK MN . Use of a green channel in remote sensing of global vegetation from EOS- MODIS , 1996,58:289-298. [本文引用: 1]
HUETEA, DIDANK, MIURAT, RODRIGUEZ EP, GAOX, FERREIRA LG . Overview of the radiometric and biophysical performance of the MODIS vegetation indices , 2002,83:195-213. [本文引用: 1]
LIH, QI LJ, ZHANG JH, JI RH . Recognition of weed during cotton emergence based on principal component analysis and support vector machine Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2012,43(9):184-189, 196. (in Chinese) [本文引用: 1]
LI JX, JIANG SP . Adaptive threshold image denoising algorithm based on principal component analysis Infrared Technology, 2014,36(4):311-314, 319. (in Chinese) [本文引用: 1]
HARALICK RM, SHANMUGAMK . Textural features for image classification , 1973,3(6):610-621. [本文引用: 1]
WU WH, TAO HM, XIAO SZ, TANG PW . Optimization and implementation of texture feature extraction algorithm for gray level co-occurrence matrix Digital Technology and Application, 2015(6):124-126. (in Chinese) [本文引用: 1]
韩文霆, 孙瑜, 徐腾飞, 陈香维, SU KO . 基于RGB图像处理的玉米叶片含水率监测方法研究 , 2016,36(12):75. [本文引用: 1]
HAN WT, SUNY, XU TF, CHEN XW, SU KO . Detecting maize leaf water status by using digital RGB images Agricultural Engineering Technology, 2016,36(12):75. (in Chinese) [本文引用: 1]
HOU QQ, WANGF, YANL . Extraction of color image texture feature based on gray-level co-occurrence matrix Remote Sensing for Land & Resources, 2013,25(4):26-32. (in Chinese) [本文引用: 1]
HAN WT, LIG, YUAN MC, ZHANG LY, SHI ZQ . Extraction method of maize planting information based on UAV remote sensing technology Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2017,48(1):139-147. (in Chinese) [本文引用: 1]
HUANG XJ, ZHANGL . Modified multi-class support vector machine recursive feature elimination for cancer multi-classification Journal of Computer Applications, 2015,35(10):2798-2802. (in Chinese) [本文引用: 1]
JIANG YJ, WANG XD, WANG WJ, BIK . New feature selection approach by PCA and ReliefF Computer Engineering and Applications, 2010,46(26):170-172. (in Chinese) [本文引用: 1]
DAI JG, ZHANG GS, GUOP, ZENG TJ, CUI MN, XUE JL . Classification method of main crops in northern Xinjiang based on UAV visible waveband images Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2018,34(18):122-129. (in Chinese) [本文引用: 1]