关键词:花生品种; 干旱胁迫; 根系特性; 抗旱性 Morphological and Physiological Traits of Root in Different Drought Resistant Peanut Cultivars LI Guang-Hui, WAN Yong-Shan*, LIU Feng-Zhen, ZHANG Kun National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology / College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai#cod#x02019;an 271018, China Fund: AbstractDrought stress is a serious constraint for peanut production worldwide. It is necessary to identify the drought resistance mechanisms of different peanut cultivars in drought-resistance breeding. Under the artificial water control condition, the peanut root morphological and physiological characteristics under drought stress at seedling stage and pod-setting stage were studied using 12 different drought-resistance peanut cultivars as material. The results showed that drought resistance at seedling stage was basically identical with that at pod-setting stage. According to yield-drought resistance coefficient, 12 peanut cultivars were divided into three grades: high-resistance, including A596, Shanhua 11, and Rugaoxiyangsheng; mid-resistance, including Huayu 20, Nongda 818, Haihua 1, Shanhua 9, and 79266; and weak-resistance, including ICG6848, Baisha 1016, Hua 17, and Penglaiyiwohou. In those peanut cultivars, Shanhua11 can be used as the standard cultivar for high drought resistance identification, and 79266 as the standard cultivar for weak one. The root drought resistance mechanism of 12 peanut cultivars were different, Shanhua 9, Shanhua11 and Huayu 20 presented a larger biomass and strong absorption capacity, while A596, Nongda 818, Shanhua 11, and Rugaoxiyangsheng had strong antioxidant capacity and membrane stability under drought stress. Correlations between drought resistance and root weight, volume, total absorption area per plant, root superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content under serious drought stress were significant, also under control condition. Therefore, under drought stress of 40% RWC for 10 to 24 days after germination, the root weight, volume, total absorption area per plant, SOD activity and MDA content could be used for identifies the drought resistance ability of peanut roots, the resistances degree also can be reflected by the indices above under normal water condition. Shanhua 11 can be used as a suitable standard cultivar for root morphological and physiological drought resistance characteristics identification in peanut.
Keyword:Peanut cultivars; Drought stress; Root traits; Drought resistance Show Figures Show Figures
表2 苗期及结荚期干旱胁迫下不同花生品种的抗旱性 Table 2 Drought resistance of peanut cultivars under drought stress at seedling and pod-setting stages
品种 Cultivar
苗期生物量及抗旱性 Drought resistance and biomass at seedling stage
结荚期产量及抗旱性 Drought resistance and yield at pod-setting stage
对照 Control (g plant-1)
轻度干旱 MD (g plant-1)
重度干旱 SD (g plant-1)
轻度干旱 抗旱系数 DC of MD
重度干旱 抗旱系数 DC of SD
对照 Control (kg hm-2)
干旱胁迫 Drought (kg hm-2)
抗旱 系数 DC
抗旱 指数 DI
2011
79266
3.12 d
2.55 ef
1.99 e
0.82 def
0.64 def
4291 c
3452 b
0.80 efg
0.82 de
A596
3.68 c
3.33 abc
2.81 abc
0.91 bc
0.76 ab
3621 ef
3429 b
0.95 ab
0.96 c
ICG6848
3.86 bc
3.27 bcd
2.23 de
0.85 cd
0.58 f
3299 fg
2518 e
0.76 gh
0.57 g
白沙1016 Baisha 1016
3.15 d
2.44 f
1.85 e
0.77 f
0.59 f
3765 de
2751 de
0.73 h
0.59 g
海花1号 Haihua 1
3.58 c
3.04 bcd
2.56 bcd
0.85 cd
0.71 bc
4908 a
4163 a
0.85 def
1.04 bc
花17 Hua 17
4.25 a
3.70 a
2.72 abc
0.87 bcd
0.64 def
4119 cd
3023 cd
0.73 h
0.66 fg
花育20 Huayu 20
4.30 a
3.41 ab
2.90 ab
0.79 ef
0.67 cde
3878 de
3191 bc
0.82 efg
0.78 ef
农大818 Nongda 818
3.54 c
2.90 de
2.49 cd
0.82 def
0.70 bcd
4436 bc
3965 a
0.89 bcd
1.05 bc
蓬莱一窝猴 Penglaiyiwohou
3.12 d
2.92 cde
1.93 e
0.93 ab
0.62 ef
3178 g
2494 e
0.79 fgh
0.58 g
如皋西洋生 Rugaoxiyangsheng
3.71 c
3.69 a
3.05 a
0.99 a
0.82 a
3089 g
2997 cd
0.97 a
0.86 d
山花11 Shanhua 11
3.73 c
3.34 abc
3.01 a
0.89 bcd
0.81 a
4682 ab
4305 a
0.92 abc
1.17 a
山花9号 Shanhua 9
4.15 ab
3.49 ab
2.96 a
0.84 cde
0.71 bc
4979 a
4322 a
0.87 cde
1.11 ab
2012
79266
3.59 d
3.13 ef
2.25 d
0.87 bcd
0.63 d
4173 d
3620 cd
0.87 de
0.88 cd
A596
4.28 b
3.99 bc
3.16 abc
0.93 ab
0.74 b
3818 ef
3684 cd
0.97 ab
1.01 bc
ICG6848
4.13 bc
3.65 cd
2.07 d
0.88 bc
0.50 f
2979 h
2267 h
0.76 g
0.49 f
白沙1016 Baisha 1016
3.49 d
2.91 f
1.87 d
0.83 d
0.53 ef
3749 f
2978 fg
0.79 fg
0.67 e
海花1号 Haihua 1
4.23 bc
3.85 c
2.83 bc
0.91 abc
0.67 c
4767 ab
4190 ab
0.88 de
1.04 b
花17 Hua 17
5.15 a
4.44 a
3.21 ab
0.86 cd
0.62 d
4089 de
3359 de
0.82 ef
0.78 de
花育20 Huayu 20
4.96 a
4.28 ab
3.27 a
0.86 cd
0.66 cd
3822 ef
3599 cde
0.94 abc
0.95 c
农大818 Nongda 818
4.11 bc
3.62 cd
2.80 c
0.88 bc
0.68 c
4268 cd
3908 bc
0.92 bcd
1.01 bc
蓬莱一窝猴 Penglaiyiwohou
3.63 d
3.38 de
2.01 d
0.93 ab
0.55 e
3378 g
2801 g
0.83 ef
0.65 e
如皋西洋生 Rugaoxiyangsheng
3.83 cd
3.73 cd
2.91 abc
0.97 a
0.76 ab
3290 g
3245 ef
0.99 a
0.90 cd
山花11 Shanhua 11
4.14 bc
3.78 cd
3.29 a
0.91 abc
0.79 a
4548 bc
4475 a
0.98 a
1.24 a
山花9号 Shanhua 9
4.25 bc
3.80 cd
2.96 abc
0.89 bc
0.70 c
5045 a
4508 a
0.89 cd
1.13 ab
MD: 中度干旱; SD: 重度干旱; DC: 抗旱系数; DI: 抗旱指数。同一列内标有相同小写字母的值差异未达到5%显著水平。 MD: mild drought; SD: serious drought; DC: drought resistance coefficient; DI: drought resistance index. Values followed by different letters are significantly different at the 5% probability level.
表2 苗期及结荚期干旱胁迫下不同花生品种的抗旱性 Table 2 Drought resistance of peanut cultivars under drought stress at seedling and pod-setting stages
图1 干旱胁迫下不同花生品种苗期根系形态指标品种编号1~12分别代表79266、A596、ICG6848、白沙1016、海花1号、花17、花育20、农大818、蓬莱一窝猴、如皋西洋生、山花11和山花9号。Fig. 1 Roots morphological traits of different peanut cultivars under drought stress at seedling stageThe number of cultivars from 1 to 12 represented 79266, A596, ICG6848, Baisha 1016, Haihua 1, Hua 17, Huayu 20, Nongda 818, Penglaiyiwohou, Rugaoxiyangsheng, Shanhua 11, and Shanhua 9, respectively.
图2 干旱胁迫下不同花生品种苗期根系抗氧化保护相关生理性状品种编号1~12分别代表79266、A596、ICG6848、白沙1016、海花1号、花17、花育20、农大818、蓬莱一窝猴、如皋西洋生、山花11和山花9号。Fig. 2 Roots physiological traits related to antioxidant system of peanut cultivars under drought stress at seedling stageThe number of cultivars from 1 to 12 represented 79266, A596, ICG6848, Baisha 1016, Haihua 1, Hua 17, Huayu 20, Nongda 818, Penglaiyiwohou, Rugaoxiyangsheng, Shanhua 11, and Shanhua 9, respectively.
表3 Table 3 表3(Table 3)
表3 苗期花生根系形态及生理性状与品种抗旱性的相关系数 Table 3 Correlation coefficients of root traits of peanut cultivars with drought resistance
年份 Year
土壤相对含水量 RWC (%)
干重 Dry weight
体积 Volume
总吸收 面积 TAA
比吸收 面积 TAA/DR
活跃吸收 面积 AAA
SOD活性 SOD activity
CAT活性 CAT activity
GSH含量 GSH content
AsA含量 AsA content
MDA含量 MDA content
2011
70
0.19
0.43
0.38
0.52
0.27
0.89**
0.65*
0.46
0.46
-0.58*
55
0.62*
0.63*
0.59*
0.45
0.41
0.49
-0.25
-0.32
-0.24
-0.76**
40
0.57*
0.69*
0.75**
0.75**
0.59*
0.91**
0.88**
0.79**
0.84**
-0.87**
2012
70
0.21
0.33
0.46
0.35
0.58*
0.54
0.31
0.27
0.70*
-0.68*
55
0.61*
0.58*
0.63*
0.04
0.65*
0.73**
-0.32
-0.49
0.28
-0.90**
40
0.78**
0.71**
0.85**
0.63*
0.76**
0.75**
0.60*
0.61*
0.67*
-0.84**
表3 苗期花生根系形态及生理性状与品种抗旱性的相关系数 Table 3 Correlation coefficients of root traits of peanut cultivars with drought resistance
TAA: 总吸收面积; TAA/DR: 比吸收面积; AAA: 活跃吸收面积。*表示 P< 0.05的显著水平,**表示 P< 0.01的显著水平。 TAA: total absorption area; TAA/DR: ratio of total absorption area to root dry weight; AAA: active absorption area.* Significant at P< 0.05;** significant at P< 0.01. 表4 Table 4 表4(Table 4)
表4 苗期不同干旱处理下根系性状间的相关系数 Table 4 Correlation coefficients of root traits under drought stress and control
年份 Year
土壤相对含水量 RWC (%)
干重 Dry weight
体积 Volume
总吸收 面积 TAA
比吸收 面积 TAA/DR
活跃吸收面积 AAA
SOD活性 SOD activity
CAT活性 CAT activity
GSH含量 GSH content
AsA含量 AsA content
MDA含量 MDA content
2011
55
0.67*
0.93**
0.87**
0.52
0.95**
0.61*
0.03
0.56
0.61*
0.81**
40
0.79**
0.95**
0.92**
0.67*
0.91**
0.97**
0.69*
0.61*
0.70*
0.85**
2012
55
0.71*
0.84**
0.66*
0.43
0.91**
0.46
0.41
0.59
0.76*
0.86**
40
0.89**
0.93**
0.86**
0.56
0.92**
0.81**
0.76*
0.58
0.95**
0.91**
表4 苗期不同干旱处理下根系性状间的相关系数 Table 4 Correlation coefficients of root traits under drought stress and control
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