摘要/Abstract
摘要： 目的 · 观察小鼠在吸入汽车尾气后其肺组织和肺部菌群的变化，评估汽车尾气造成的空气污染对处于高浓度微环境暴露的人
群呼吸系统可能产生的影响。方法 · 将 10 只 C57BL/6 小鼠随机分为实验组和对照组，实验组连续 5 d（1 h/d) 暴露于汽车尾气环境，
对照组不处理。取小鼠右下肺叶组织，通过 16S rRNA 测序技术分析肺部菌群组成，并对肺组织进行病理切片镜检。结果 · 实验组与
对照组的肺组织病理变化无明显差异，但 2 组的菌群组成和丰度存在明显差异。在门水平，实验组相比对照组厚壁菌门显著增加，拟
杆菌门和变形菌门显著减少；在属水平，厚壁菌门的增加主要与粪球菌属的增加有关，拟杆菌门的减少与噬纤维菌属的减少有关，变
形菌门的减少与苍白杆菌属、甲基杆菌属和不动杆菌属的减少有关，Amycolatopsis 属也显著减少。结论 · 短期暴露在汽车尾气环境
中，会改变小鼠肺部菌群的物种组成和丰度，但未观察到肺组织病变。
关键词: &ensp, 肺部菌群；可吸入颗粒物；汽车尾气；16S rRNA
Abstract:
Objective · To observe the changes of lung tissue and lung microbiome in mice after inhalation of vehicle exhaust, and to assess the impact of
air pollution caused by vehicle exhaust on the respiratory system of the population. Methods · Ten C57BL/6 mice were divided into experimental group
and control group randomly. Experimental group was inflicted with continuous exposure to automobile exhaust for 5 d (1 h/d), while the control group was
exposed to clean air. After a 5-day of environmental exposure, the lung microbial composition was analyzed by 16S rRNA pyrosequencing and the structure
of the lung tissue was assessed by histological analysis. Results · There was no significant difference in pathological changes of lung tissue between the
experimental group and the control group. However, there were significant differences in the composition and abundance of bacteria in the experimental
and control groups. At the phylum level, comparing with the control group the Firmicutes was significantly increased in the experimental group, while the
Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria were significantly reduced. At the genus level, the increase of the Firmicutes was mainly related to the increase of the
Coprococcus. The reduction of the Bacteroidetes was related to the reduction of Cytophaga while the reduction of the Proteobacteria was related to three main strains namely Ochrobactrum, Methylobacterium and Acinetobacter. Amycolatopsis was also reduced significantly. Conclusion · Short-term exposure to vehicle exhaust conditions changes the species composition and abundance of lung microbiome in mice, but no lung tissue lesions were observed.
Key words: lung microbiome, particulate matter, vehicle exhaust, 16S rRNA
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