摘要/Abstract

过渡金属催化的碳氢键活化是合成有机化合物最有效的工具之一，基于底物本身官能团或者共价键连接的导向基策略是目前实现碳氢键选择性活化的主要手段.非共价作用在分子生物学、超分子化学、材料科学及药物研发中具有重要意义，近年来，非共价作用也被应用于过渡金属催化的惰性碳氢键的选择性活化.本文总结了非共价作用在选择性碳氢键活化领域的研究进展，并按照非共价键的作用类型，将其分为氢键作用、离子对作用、路易斯酸碱对作用和静电作用等，探讨了催化体系中心金属、配体和底物间相互作用力的模式，并展望了未来研究工作的方向.
关键词: 非共价键作用, 选择性, 碳氢键活化, 瞬态导向
Transition metal-catalyzed direct C-H functionalization is one of the most efficient and powerful tools for the rapid synthesis of organic molecules. The use of functional groups in the molecules or covalently attached coordinating groups as directing groups has been realized as a major strategy to control the selectivity. Noncovalent interactions are of great importance in the field of molecular biology, supramolecular chemistry, material science and drug discovery. More recently, the use of well-designed ligands to enable the site-selective C-H functionalization via noncovalent interactions has emerged as a highly promising yet relatively less explored strategy. In this perspective, recent advances in this cutting-edge area are summarized. The perspective was classified into four sections according to the type of noncovalent interactions, including hydrogen bonding, ion pair, Lewis acid-base interaction and electrostatic interaction. Emphasis is placed on the mode of noncovalent interactions among the transition metals, ligands and substrates. The limitation of current research and the prospect of future work will also be discussed. We anticipate that this strategy might become a promising complementary strategy to control the positional selectivity in C-H functionalization reactions.
Key words: noncovalent interaction, selectivity, C—H activation, transient directing group


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